Abstract:
Cov dej-txo cov khoom siv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb thaum txo cov dej noo tsawg. Raws li kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov thiab teeb meem ib puag ncig txuas ntxiv tau txais kev saib xyuas, qhov kev thov rau cov dej ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tau nce ntxiv.
qhia:
Dej-txo admixtures, tseem hu ua superplasticizers, tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm pob zeb. Cov neeg ua haujlwm no tau tsim los txhim kho qhov ntws ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau nws lub zog, yog li pab txhawb kev tsim kho kom zoo. Kev tsom mus rau kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov tau tsav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm superplasticizers, ua rau cov tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev:
Dej yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, tab sis cov ntsiab lus dej ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem xws li txo lub zog, nce permeability, thiab lub sijhawm teem sijhawm ntev. Cov dej-txo cov khoom siv daws cov teeb meem no los ntawm kev txo cov dej thaum tswj kev ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom ntawm pob zeb. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev coj ua kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov thiab xav tau kev txhim kho cov peev txheej.
Hom dej txo cov neeg ua haujlwm:
Muaj ntau hom dej txo cov neeg ua haujlwm, suav nrog lignosulfonates, sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensates, thiab polycarboxylate ethers. Txhua hom muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab nws cov kev ua tau zoo nyob ntawm cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim kho qhov project. Cov neeg tsim khoom siv cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom los tsim cov superplasticizers haum rau kev siv sib txawv.
Kev tsim khoom:
A. Lignosulfonate:
Lignosulfonates yog muab los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntoo pulping, thiab lawv cov khoom tsim muaj sulfite pulping. Kev kho ntoo nrog sulfite tebchaw ua rau lignin cais tawm ntawm cellulose fibers. Cov txiaj ntsig lignosulfonate tuaj yeem ua tus neeg saib xyuas dej txo qis vim nws cov khoom tawg. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ceev faj tswj ntawm sulfite concentration thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ua tiav qhov kev xav tau.
b. Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate (SNF):
Kev tsim khoom ntawm SNF superplasticizer suav nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm naphthalene, formaldehyde thiab sulfonating cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem no tsim cov khoom sulfonated nrog dispersing thiab plasticizing zog. Cov qauv molecular thiab sulfonation degree muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm SNF superplasticizer. Cov neeg tsim khoom siv kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ua tiav qhov xav tau sib npaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog.
C. Polycarboxylate ethers (PCE):
Perchlorethylene dej-txo tus neeg sawv cev sawv cev rau hom tshiab thiab qib siab ntawm cov dej-txo cov neeg ua haujlwm siab. Kev tsim cov tetrachlorethylene koom nrog cov copolymerization ntawm acrylic acid thiab lwm yam monomers, uas ua rau ib tug polymer nrog ib tug zoo li comb qauv. Cov qauv tshwj xeeb no muab cov peev txheej zoo tshaj plaws kom txo tau cov dej tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob zeb sib tov. Lub synthesis ntawm tetrachlorethylene koom nrog complex polymerization cov txheej txheem thiab meej tswj ntawm molecular qauv.
Kev nce qib ntawm high-efficiency dej-txo admixtures:
A. Nanotechnology kev koom ua ke:
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tau tshawb nrhiav kev koom nrog nanotechnology rau hauv superplasticizers. Nanoparticles tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom tawg ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm no, txo cov ntsiab lus dej ntxiv. Txoj hauv kev no tsis tsuas yog txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb sib tov, tab sis kuj qhib qhov rooj rau cov ntawv thov tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv ntse thiab kho tus kheej.
b. Customization rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb:
Cov dej-txo cov khoom siv tau zoo tam sim no tau raug kho rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb, xws li cov pob zeb ua rau nws tus kheej (SCC) thiab cov pob zeb ua haujlwm siab (HPC). Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv molecular ntawm cov reagents yog kho kom haum raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm cov haujlwm sib txawv, kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv peev txheej.
C. Green Chemistry Initiative:
Cov neeg tsim khoom tau nce siv ntsuab chemistry cov qauv hauv kev tsim cov superplasticizers. Qhov no suav nrog kev siv cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, txo cov khib nyiab thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Green superplasticizers yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog kev lag luam kev loj hlob tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj khov thiab pab txhawb rau kev coj noj coj ua hauv tsev ntau dua.
d. Compatibility nrog Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM):
Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv cementitious thib ob xws li yoov tshauv thiab slag yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov kev coj ua kom ruaj khov. Peb tab tom tsim cov superplasticizers los txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv no, kom ntseeg tau tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txo cov dej tsis raug cuam tshuam thaum siv SCM.
Cov kev sib tw thiab kev cia siab yav tom ntej:
Txawm hais tias muaj kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv superplasticizers, cov teeb meem tseem nyob. Cov no suav nrog qhov xav tau rau cov qauv kev sim ntsuas, hais txog cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm qee cov tshuaj reagents ntawm lub sijhawm ntev, thiab ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau yam khoom siv cementitious. Lub zeem muag yav tom ntej ntawm superplasticizers xav tau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv txhawm rau kov yeej cov teeb meem no thiab ntxiv txhim kho kev ruaj khov thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev.
nyob rau hauv xaus:
Kev tsim cov khoom siv superplasticizers yog qhov chaw muaj zog uas niaj hnub hloov zuj zus mus ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov. Tshaj tawm cov kev daws teeb meem siab heev uas thawb cov ciam teb ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab lub luag haujlwm ib puag ncig. Nrog rau kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv nanotechnology, kev kho kom haum rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb, cov phiaj xwm ntsuab chemistry, thiab txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv cementitious theem nrab, lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm superplasticizers zoo li nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev pab txhawb rau ib tug ntau resilient thiab sustainable infrastructure. Lub neej yav tom ntej yog kaj.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-05-2023