Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) thiab lwm yam cellulose ethers (xws li hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) thiab carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)) yog multifunctional polymers siv dav hauv kev lag luam, kev tsim kho, tshuaj, khoom noj thiab niaj hnub. chemical kev lag luam. Cov cellulose derivatives no yog tsim los ntawm chemically modifying cellulose thiab muaj dej solubility zoo, thickening, stability thiab film-forming zog.
1. Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)
1.1 Chemical Structure thiab Properties
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) yog tsim los ntawm hydroxyethylation ntawm cellulose nrog ethylene oxide nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob. Cov qauv hauv paus ntawm HEC yog ether daim ntawv cog lus tsim los ntawm kev hloov ntawm pawg hydroxyl hauv cellulose molecule los ntawm pawg hydroxyethyl. Cov qauv no muab HEC cov khoom tshwj xeeb:
Dej solubility: HEC yog soluble nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si dej txias thiab kub los tsim ib tug pob tshab colloidal tov.
Thickening: HEC muaj cov khoom thickening zoo heev thiab yog siv dav hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau tswj viscosity.
Kev ruaj ntseg: HEC cov tshuaj muaj kev ruaj ntseg siab hauv pH sib txawv.
Biocompatibility: HEC tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis ua rau khaus, thiab ua phooj ywg rau tib neeg lub cev thiab ib puag ncig.
1.2 Daim ntawv thov teb
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev: siv cov thickener thiab dej tuav tus neeg sawv cev rau cov cement mortar thiab gypsum khoom.
Coatings thiab xim: siv los ua thickener, suspending agent thiab stabilizer.
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub: siv los ua thickener hauv cov khoom siv niaj hnub xws li tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab tshuaj zawv plaub hau.
Pharmaceutical teb: siv los ua nplaum, thickener thiab suspending tus neeg saib xyuas rau cov ntsiav tshuaj.
1.3 Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Qhov zoo: dej solubility zoo, tshuaj stability, dav pH adaptability thiab non-toxicity.
Disadvantages: tsis zoo solubility nyob rau hauv ib co kuab tshuaj, thiab tus nqi tej zaum yuav me ntsis siab dua lwm cov cellulose ethers.
2. Kev sib piv ntawm lwm cov cellulose ethers
2.1 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
2.1.1 Cov qauv tshuaj thiab cov khoom
HPMC yog tsim los ntawm cellulose los ntawm cov tshuaj methylation thiab hydroxypropylation. Nws cov qauv muaj ob qho tib si methoxy (-OCH3) thiab hydroxypropoxy (-OCH2CH(OH)CH3) hloov.
Dej solubility: HPMC dissolves nyob rau hauv dej txias los tsim ib tug pob tshab colloidal tov; nws muaj tsis zoo solubility nyob rau hauv dej kub.
Thickening khoom: Nws muaj peev xwm thickening zoo heev.
Gelling cov khoom: Nws tsim cov gel thaum rhuab thiab rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub qub thaum txias.
2.1.2 Daim ntawv thov thaj chaw
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev: Nws yog siv los ua cov thickener thiab dej tuav cov khoom siv rau cov cement-based thiab gypsum-based.
Khoom noj khoom haus: Nws yog siv los ua emulsifier thiab stabilizer.
Tshuaj: Nws yog siv los ua ib qho excipient rau cov tshuaj ntsiav thiab ntsiav tshuaj.
2.1.3 Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Qhov zoo: zoo thickening kev ua tau zoo thiab gelling zog.
Disadvantages: Nws yog rhiab heev rau kub thiab tej zaum yuav poob nyob rau hauv high kub daim ntaub ntawv.
2.2 Methyl Cellulose (MC)
2.2.1 Cov qauv tshuaj thiab cov khoom
MC yog tau los ntawm methylation ntawm cellulose thiab feem ntau muaj methoxy (-OCH3) hloov.
Dej solubility: dissolves zoo nyob rau hauv dej txias los tsim ib tug pob tshab colloidal tov.
Thickening: muaj cov nyhuv thickening tseem ceeb.
Thermal gelation: tsim cov gel thaum rhuab thiab degels thaum txias.
2.2.2 Daim ntawv thov thaj chaw
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev: siv los ua cov thickener thiab dej retainer rau mortar thiab xim.
Khoom noj khoom haus: siv los ua emulsifier thiab stabilizer.
2.2.3 Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Qhov zoo: muaj peev xwm thickening muaj zog, feem ntau siv hauv kev ua tshuab txias.
Disadvantages: kub-rhiab heev, tsis tuaj yeem siv rau qhov kub thiab txias.
2.3 Hydroxypropyl Cellulose (HPC)
2.3.1 Cov qauv tshuaj thiab cov khoom
HPC yog tau los ntawm hydroxypropyl cellulose. Nws cov qauv muaj hydroxypropoxy (-OCH2CH(OH)CH3).
Dej solubility: dissolves nyob rau hauv dej txias thiab organic solvents.
Thickening: zoo thickening kev ua tau zoo.
Cov cuab yeej ua yeeb yaj kiab: tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab muaj zog.
2.3.2 Daim ntawv thov teb
Tshuaj: siv los ua txheej txheej thiab ntsiav tshuaj excipient rau tshuaj.
Khoom noj khoom haus: siv ua thickener thiab stabilizer.
2.3.3 Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Qhov zoo: multi-solvent solubility thiab zoo heev film-forming khoom.
Disadvantages: tus nqi siab.
2.4 Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)
2.4.1 Cov qauv tshuaj thiab cov yam ntxwv
CMC yog tsim los ntawm reacting cellulose nrog chloroacetic acid, thiab muaj carboxymethyl pawg (-CH2COOH) nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv.
Dej solubility: soluble hauv dej txias thiab dej kub.
Thickening cuab yeej: tseem ceeb thickening nyhuv.
Ionicity: belongs rau anionic cellulose ether.
2.4.2 Daim ntawv thov teb
Khoom noj khoom haus: siv ua thickener thiab stabilizer.
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub: siv los ua thickener rau detergent.
Papermaking: siv los ua additive rau daim ntawv txheej.
2.4.3 Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Qhov zoo: zoo thickening thiab dav daim ntawv thov teb.
Disadvantages: rhiab heev rau electrolytes, ions hauv cov tshuaj yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm.
3. Kev sib piv zoo
3.1 Thickening kev ua tau zoo
HEC thiab HPMC muaj qhov ua tau zoo sib xws thiab ob qho tib si muaj cov nyhuv thickening zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, HEC muaj cov dej solubility zoo dua thiab tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kom pom tseeb thiab tsis tshua muaj khaus. HPMC muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cua sov rau gel vim nws cov khoom siv thermogel.
3.2 Dej solubility
HEC thiab CMC tuaj yeem yaj hauv dej txias thiab kub, thaum HPMC thiab MC feem ntau yog yaj hauv dej txias. HPC yog qhov zoo dua yog tias yuav tsum muaj ntau qhov sib xyaw ua ke.
3.3 Nqe thiab daim ntawv thov ntau yam
HEC feem ntau yog tus nqi nruab nrab thiab siv dav. Txawm hais tias HPC muaj kev ua tau zoo heev, nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov siab vim nws tus nqi siab. CMC muaj qhov chaw hauv ntau daim ntawv thov uas tsis muaj nqi nrog nws cov nqi qis thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv cellulose ethers vim nws cov dej zoo solubility, stability thiab thickening peev xwm. Piv nrog rau lwm cov cellulose ethers, HEC muaj qee qhov zoo hauv dej solubility thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, thiab tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cov kev daws teeb meem pob tshab thiab dav pH adaptability. HPMC ua tau zoo hauv qee qhov chaw tshwj xeeb vim nws cov khoom ua kom tuab thiab thermal gelling, thaum HPC thiab CMC tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lawv daim ntawv thov kev lag luam vim lawv cov khoom ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov nqi zoo. Raws li cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, xaiv txoj cai cellulose ether tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua cov khoom lag luam thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-10-2024