Cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov hauv kev lag luam mortar

Kev txhim kho keeb kwm ntawm kev lag luam mortar hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau piav qhia luv luv, thiab cov haujlwm ntawm ob lub polymer qhuav hmoov, cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov, nyob rau hauv qhuav-mixed coj mus muag mortar yog tham, nrog rau cov dej tuav, capillary dej nqus, thiab flexural zog ntawm lub mortar. , compressive zog, elastic modulus, thiab lub zog ntawm daim ntawv cog lus tensile lub zog ntawm txawv ib puag ncig kub curing.

Cov lus tseem ceeb: coj mus muag mortar; keeb kwm kev loj hlob; lub cev thiab mechanical zog; cellulose ether; latex hmoov; nyhuv

Kev lag luam mortar yuav tsum muaj kev txhim kho ntawm kev pib, kev vam meej thiab saturation ib yam li kev lag luam pob zeb. Tus kws sau ntawv tau thov hauv "Tuam Tshoj Cov Khoom Siv" hauv xyoo 1995 tias kev txhim kho thiab kev txhawb nqa hauv Suav teb tseem yuav yog qhov kev xav, tab sis niaj hnub no, kev lag luam mortar paub los ntawm cov neeg hauv kev lag luam xws li kev lag luam pob zeb, thiab kev tsim khoom hauv Suav teb tau pib ua kom zoo. . Ntawm chav kawm, nws tseem belongs rau cov me nyuam mos. Commercial mortar yog muab faib ua ob pawg: pre-mixed (qhuav) mortar thiab npaj-mixed mortar. Premixed (dry) mortar tseem hu ua hmoov qhuav, qhuav mix, qhuav hmoov mortar los yog qhuav mix mortar. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cementitious, nplua aggregates, admixtures thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Nws yog ib tug semi-tiav mortar ua los ntawm cov khoom xyaw raug thiab sib xyaw ua ke hauv lub Hoobkas, tsis muaj dej sib tov. Cov dej sib tov yog ntxiv thaum nplawm ntawm qhov chaw tsim ua ntej siv. Sib txawv los ntawm pre-mixed (qhuav) mortar, npaj-mixed mortar yog hais txog lub mortar uas yog tov tag nrho hauv lub Hoobkas, nrog rau cov dej sib tov. Cov mortar no tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha thaum nws thauj mus rau qhov chaw tsim kho.

Tuam Tshoj tau siv zog tsim kev lag luam mortar nyob rau hauv lig 1990s. Niaj hnub no, nws tau tsim mus rau pua pua ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom feem ntau faib hauv Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou thiab lawv thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Shanghai yog ib cheeb tsam uas tsim cov khoom mortar ua ntej. Hauv xyoo 2000, Shanghai tau tshaj tawm thiab ua raws li Shanghai cov qauv "Technical Regulations for the Production and Application of Dry-Mixed Mortar" thiab "Technical Regulations for the Production and Application of Ready-Mixed Mortar". Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Txog Npaj-Mixed (Kev Lag Luam) Txhaum Cai, qhia meej meej tias txij li xyoo 2003 mus ntxiv, txhua qhov kev tsim kho tshiab nyob rau hauv Txoj Kev Ring Road yuav siv cov khoom npaj sib xyaw (kev lag luam) mortar, thiab txij lub Ib Hlis 1, 2004, tag nrho cov kev tsim kho tshiab hauv Shanghai yuav siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke (kev lag luam) mortar. ) mortar, uas yog thawj txoj cai thiab kev tswj hwm hauv kuv lub tebchaws los txhawb kev siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke (khoom noj khoom haus) mortar. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2003, "Shanghai Npaj-Mixed (Kev Lag Luam) Cov Khoom Siv Khoom Siv Pov Thawj Tswj Xyuas" tau tshaj tawm, uas tau siv cov ntawv pov thawj thiab kev tswj xyuas kev pom zoo rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke (kev lag luam) mortar, thiab qhia meej txog cov khoom lag luam npaj sib xyaw (kev lag luam) mortar. yuav tsum ua kom tiav Technical tej yam kev mob thiab tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv lub chav kuaj. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2004, Shanghai tau tshaj tawm "Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom ntawm Ntau Txoj Cai ntawm Kev Siv Cov Khoom Siv Npaj-Mixed Mortar hauv Kev Tsim Kho Hauv Shanghai". Beijing kuj tau tshaj tawm thiab ua raws li "Tsev Neeg Cov Cai rau Kev Tsim Khoom thiab Kev Siv Khoom Siv Khoom Siv Khoom". Guangzhou thiab Shenzhen tseem tab tom sau thiab siv "Technical Regulations for the Application of Dry-Mixed Mortar" thiab "Technical Regulations for Application of Ready-Mixed Mortar".

Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv khib nyiab qhuav thiab siv ntau ntxiv, hauv xyoo 2002, Tuam Tshoj Bulk Cement Promotion thiab Development Association tau tuav lub rooj sib tham qhuav-sib xyaw mortar. Nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 2004, Tuam Tshoj Bulk Cement Promotion and Development Association tau tsim tsa pawg neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw qhuav. Nyob rau lub Rau Hli thiab Lub Cuaj Hli ntawm tib lub xyoo, lub teb chaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb kev sib xyaw tshuab tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tau tuav hauv Shanghai thiab Beijing raws li. Nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 2005, Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Tuam Tshoj Kev Tsim Kho Kev Lag Luam Koom Haum kuj tseem muaj kev qhuab qhia hauv lub tebchaws ntawm kev tsim kho tshuab ziab khaub ncaws thiab kev sib tham sib pauv rau kev txhawb nqa thiab siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab kev ua tiav tshiab. Lub Tuam Tsev Cov Khoom Siv Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Tuam Tsev Architectural Society ntawm Tuam Tshoj npaj yuav tuav lub Rooj Sib Tham Kev Sib Tham Hauv Tebchaws ntawm Cov Khoom Muag Khoom hauv Kaum Ib Hlis 2005.

Zoo li cov pob zeb ua lag luam, kev lag luam mortar muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv nruab nrab thiab kev sib koom ua ke, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov kev cai zoo rau kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov khoom siv, ua raws li kev tswj hwm nruj, txhim kho txoj kev tsim kho, thiab ua kom cov haujlwm zoo. Qhov zoo tshaj ntawm kev lag luam mortar nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo, efficiency, kev lag luam thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yog ib yam li xav tau ob peb xyoos dhau los. Nrog rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev txhawb nqa thiab kev thov, nws tau nthuav dav pom thiab tau maj mam lees paub. Tus sau yeej ib txwm ntseeg tias qhov zoo tshaj ntawm kev lag luam mortar tuaj yeem suav nrog plaub lo lus: ntau, ceev, zoo, thiab kev lag luam; Fast txhais tau tias ceev cov ntaub ntawv npaj thiab ceev kev tsim kho; peb qhov zoo yog kev tuav dej zoo, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo; plaub lub xeev yog kev ua haujlwm-txuag, txuag khoom, txuag nyiaj, thiab tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb). Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv cov mortar coj mus muag tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tsim kho kev lag luam, txo cov khoom siv stacking qhov chaw, thiab kom tsis txhob muaj plua plav ya, yog li txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv lub nroog.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev lag luam pob zeb yog tias cov khoom khib nyiab feem ntau yog premixed (qhuav) mortar, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab cov khoom siv feem ntau yog cov hmoov hmoov. Polymer-based hmoov feem ntau hu ua polymer qhuav hmoov. Qee qhov sib xyaw ua ke (qhuav) mortars yog tov nrog rau los yog xya hom polymer qhuav hmoov, thiab cov hmoov qhuav polymer sib txawv ua lub luag haujlwm sib txawv. Kab lus no yuav siv ib hom cellulose ether thiab ib hom latex hmoov ua piv txwv los qhia txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov hmoov qhuav polymer hauv premixed (qhuav) mortar. Qhov tseeb, cov nyhuv no yog tsim rau txhua yam kev lag luam mortar nrog rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke.

1. Kev tuav dej

Cov dej tuav cov nyhuv ntawm mortar yog qhia los ntawm cov dej tuav tus nqi. Cov dej tuav tus nqi yog hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov dej khaws cia los ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab tshiab tom qab cov ntawv lim absorbs dej rau cov ntsiab lus dej. Qhov nce ntawm cellulose ether cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem txhim kho cov dej tuav tus nqi ntawm cov mortar tshiab. Qhov nce ntawm cov hmoov latex kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho cov dej tuav tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab tshiab, tab sis cov nyhuv yog tsawg dua li ntawm cellulose ether. Thaum cov cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov sib xyaw ua ke, cov dej khaws cia ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab tshiab yog siab dua li ntawm mortar tov nrog cellulose ether lossis latex hmoov ib leeg. Cov dej tuav tus nqi ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ib qho polymer.

2. Capillary nqus dej

Los ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov dej nqus coefficient ntawm mortar thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cellulose ether, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias tom qab ntxiv cellulose ether, capillary dej nqus coefficient ntawm mortar ua me me, thiab nrog kev nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cellulose ether, dej nqus coefficient ntawm hloov mortar txo qis. Me me. Los ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov dej nqus coefficient ntawm mortar thiab tus nqi ntawm cov hmoov latex, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias tom qab ntxiv cov hmoov latex, capillary dej nqus coefficient ntawm mortar kuj tseem me dua. Feem ntau hais lus, cov dej nqus coefficient ntawm mortar txo qis nrog qhov nce ntawm latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus.

3. Flexural zog

Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cellulose ether txo lub zog flexural ntawm cov tshuaj khib. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov hmoov latex nce lub zog flexural ntawm cov tshuaj khib. Latex hmoov thiab cellulose ether yog compounded, thiab lub zog flexural ntawm cov hloov mortar tsis hloov ntau vim yog cov nyhuv compound ntawm ob.

4. Compressive zog

Zoo ib yam li cov nyhuv ntawm lub zog flexural ntawm mortar, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cellulose ether txo qhov compressive zog ntawm mortar, thiab qhov txo qis dua. Tab sis thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm cellulose ether ntau tshaj ib qho nqi, lub zog compressive ntawm cov mortar hloov kho yuav tsis hloov ntau heev.

Thaum cov hmoov latex sib tov ib leeg, lub zog compressive ntawm cov mortar hloov kho kuj qhia tau hais tias qhov kev poob qis nrog qhov nce ntawm cov latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus. Latex hmoov thiab cellulose ether compounded, nrog rau kev hloov ntawm latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus, qhov txo ntawm mortar compressive zog tus nqi yog me me.

5. Modulus ntawm elasticity

Zoo ib yam li cov nyhuv ntawm cellulose ether ntawm lub zog flexural ntawm mortar, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cellulose ether txo cov dynamic modulus ntawm mortar, thiab nrog nce ntawm cellulose ether cov ntsiab lus, dynamic modulus ntawm mortar txo qis. Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm cellulose ether loj, lub dynamic modulus ntawm mortar hloov me ntsis nrog qhov nce ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm mortar dynamic modulus nrog latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus yog zoo ib yam li cov qauv ntawm mortar compressive zog nrog latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus. Thaum cov hmoov latex ntxiv ib leeg, qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm cov mortar hloov pauv kuj qhia tau hais tias ib qho kev sib piv ntawm thawj qhov txo qis thiab tom qab ntawd nce me ntsis, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam txo nrog qhov nce ntawm cov latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus. Thaum cov hmoov latex thiab cellulose ether sib xyaw ua ke, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab zoo li txo qis me ntsis nrog qhov nce ntawm cov hmoov latex, tab sis qhov kev hloov pauv tsis loj.

6. Bond tensile zog

Cov kev kho mob sib txawv (cov kab lis kev cai-kho hauv huab cua kub li 28 hnub; cov kab lis kev cai sib xyaw-kho hauv huab cua kub li 7 hnub, ua raws li 21 hnub hauv dej; cov kab lis kev cai khov-sib xyaw rau 28 hnub thiab tom qab ntawd 25 lub voj voog khov-thaw ; Thaum tshav kub kub kab lis kev cai-cua kab lis kev cai rau 14 hnub Tom qab muab tso rau ntawm 70°C rau 7d), kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo tensile lub zog ntawm mortar thiab tus nqi ntawm cellulose ether. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cellulose ether yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho lub zog tensile ntawm cov cement mortar; Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev nce qib ntawm kev sib koom ua ke tensile lub zog sib txawv nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv curing. Tom qab sib xyaw 3% latex hmoov, lub zog tensile lub zog nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev kho mob tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm mortar bond tensile zog thiab latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv txawv curing mob. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov hmoov latex yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev txhim kho lub zog tensile ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab, tab sis cov nyiaj ntxiv yog loj dua li ntawm cellulose ether.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov kev koom tes ntawm cov polymer rau cov khoom ntawm mortar tom qab loj kub hloov. Tom qab 25 lub voj voog khov-thaw, piv nrog cov cua kub cua sov thiab cua-dej sib xyaw ua kom zoo, qhov sib txuas tensile lub zog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua feem ntawm cov cement mortar tau txo qis. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov mortar zoo tib yam, nws qhov sib txuas tensile lub zog tus nqi tau nqis mus rau 0.25MPa; rau polymer qhuav hmoov hloov cement mortar, txawm hais tias lub zog tensile lub zog tom qab khov-thaw cycles kuj tau txo qis heev, nws yuav luag tseem nyob ntawm 0.5MPa saum toj no. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov, daim ntawv cog lus tensile lub zog poob tus nqi ntawm cov cement mortar tom qab khov-thaw cycles pom ib qho kev poob qis. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias ob qho tib si cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov tuaj yeem txhim kho lub voj voog khov-thaw kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cement mortar, thiab nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm ntau npaum li cas, ntau npaum li cas ntawm polymer qhuav hmoov, qhov zoo dua qhov khov-thaw kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cement mortar. Lub zog tensile lub zog ntawm cov cement mortar hloov kho los ntawm cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov tom qab khov-thaw voj voog yog ntau dua li ntawm cov cement mortar hloov los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov hmoov qhuav polymer ib leeg, thiab cellulose ether Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov hmoov latex ua rau lub zog tensile ntawm cov cement mortar hloov kho los ntawm cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov. daim ntawv cog lus tensile lub zog poob tus nqi ntawm cov cement mortar me me tom qab lub voj voog khov-thaw.

Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias nyob rau hauv qhov kub kub kho mob, lub zog tensile lub zog ntawm kev hloov cov cement mortar tseem nce ntxiv nrog kev nce ntawm cellulose ether los yog latex hmoov cov ntsiab lus, tab sis piv nrog cov huab cua curing tej yam kev mob thiab sib xyaw curing tej yam kev mob. Nws yog qis dua, txawm tias qis dua nyob rau hauv lub voj voog khov-thaw. Nws qhia tau hais tias qhov kub thiab txias huab cua yog qhov phem tshaj plaws rau kev sib khi ua haujlwm. Thaum sib xyaw nrog 0-0.7% cellulose ether ib leeg, lub zog tensile ntawm mortar nyob rau hauv kub curing tsis tshaj 0.5MPa. Thaum cov hmoov latex sib xyaw ib leeg, qhov sib txuas tensile lub zog ntawm cov cement mortar hloov pauv tsuas yog ntau dua 0.5 MPa thaum tus nqi loj heev (xws li kwv yees li 8%). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov sib xyaw thiab cov nyiaj ntawm ob yog me me, lub zog tensile lub zog ntawm cov cement mortar nyob rau hauv qhov kub kub kho yog ntau dua 0.5 MPa. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias cellulose ether thiab latex hmoov kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog tensile lub zog ntawm mortar nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, kom cov cement mortar muaj qhov kub thiab txias thiab kub hloov tau, thiab cov nyhuv tseem ceeb dua thaum ob qho tib si sib xyaw.

7. Cov lus xaus

Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tsim kho yog nyob rau hauv kev nce qib, thiab kev tsim vaj tsev nyob tau nce xyoo los ntawm xyoo, nce mus txog 2 billion m² Xyoo no, feem ntau yog pej xeem vaj tse, factories thiab vaj tse nyob, thiab cov vaj tsev nyob suav nrog ntau tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau lub tsev qub uas yuav tsum tau kho. Cov tswv yim tshiab, cov khoom siv tshiab, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, thiab cov qauv tshiab yuav tsum muaj rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kho tsev. Raws li "Kaum tsib-Xyoo Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Ministry of Construction" tshaj tawm los ntawm Ministry of Construction thaum Lub Rau Hli 20, 2002, kev tsim kho hluav taws xob ua haujlwm nyob rau lub sijhawm "Kaum Tsib Tsib Xyoo" yuav tsum ua tib zoo khaws cia. tsim lub zog thiab txhim kho lub tsev thermal ib puag ncig thiab kev hloov kho phab ntsa. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, tus qauv tsim ntawm 50% kev txuag hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua tiav hauv cov tsev tshiab uas tau tsim los ua cua sov hauv cov nroog hauv cheeb tsam txias thiab txias nyob rau sab qaum teb. Tag nrho cov no xav tau cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa. Muaj coob tus ntawm lawv yog mortars, xws li masonry mortars, kho mortars, waterproof mortars, thermal rwb thaiv tsev mortars, overlay mortars, hauv av mortars, cib adhesives, qhob interface agents, caulk mortars, tshwj xeeb mortars rau sab nrauv phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev systems, thiab lwm yam. los xyuas kom meej engineering zoo thiab ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, kev lag luam mortar yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj zog. Cov hmoov qhuav polymer muaj cov haujlwm sib txawv, thiab ntau yam thiab ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li daim ntawv thov. Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau qhov kev hloov pauv loj hauv qhov kub thiab txias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov mortar thaum huab cua siab.