A. Kev Taw Qhia
1.1 Keeb kwm
Cement yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho, muab cov khoom sib txuas uas xav tau los tsim cov pob zeb thiab mortar. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers tau los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ntuj tau txais kev saib xyuas raws li cov khoom ntxiv uas hloov cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv cement. Nkag siab txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers nrog ntau hom cement yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo dua lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab ua kom lub zog ruaj khov ntawm lub tsev.
1.2 Lub Hom Phiaj
Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog:
Tshawb nrhiav hom thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers uas nquag siv hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam.
Tshawb xyuas cov kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers thiab ntau hom cement.
Ntsuas cov nyhuv ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv cement.
Cov kev sib tw thiab cov kev daws teeb meem muaj feem xyuam rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers nrog ntau hom cement tau tham.
B. Hom Starch Ethers
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers muaj ntau yam sib txuas tau los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, polysaccharide ntau nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej. Cov hom hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers muaj xws li:
2.1 Hydroxyethyl hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether (HEC)
HEC yog dav siv rau nws cov dej tuav thiab thickening zog, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev txhim kho kev ua hauj lwm ntawm cov cement mix.
2.2 Hydroxypropyl hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether (HPC)
HPC tau txhim kho cov dej tsis kam, uas txhim kho cov kav ntev thiab adhesion ntawm cov khoom siv cement.
2.3 Carboxymethyl hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether (CMS)
CMS imparts txhim kho rheological zog rau cov cement sib tov, cuam tshuam nws cov dej ntws thiab teeb tsa cov yam ntxwv.
C. Hom cement
Muaj ntau hom cement, txhua tus muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb tsim nyog rau kev siv sib txawv. Cov hom muaj xws li:
3.1 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
OPC yog hom kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov cement thiab paub txog nws txoj kev siv ntau yam hauv kev tsim kho.
3.2 Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC)
PPC muaj cov khoom siv pozzolanic uas ua rau kom muaj zog ntawm cov pob zeb thiab txo kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig.
3.3 Sulfate Resistant Cement (SRC)
SRC yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov cheeb tsam uas nplua nuj sulfate, yog li ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam tshuaj lom neeg.
D. Kev sib cuam tshuam mechanism
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers thiab ntau hom cement yog tswj los ntawm ntau lub tshuab, suav nrog:
4.1 Adsorption ntawm cov cement hais
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers adsorb ntawm cov cement hais, cuam tshuam rau lawv cov nqi saum npoo thiab hloov cov khoom rheological ntawm cov cement slurry.
4.2 Qhov cuam tshuam rau hydration
Starch ethers tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem hydration los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov dej muaj, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm teem sijhawm thiab kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cementitious.
E. cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv cement
Kev sib xyaw cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers rau hauv cov khoom siv cement tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam teebmeem:
5.1 Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cement sib tov los ntawm kev ua kom dej tuav thiab txo kev sib cais.
5.2 Txhim kho durability
Qee cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers txhim kho cov kav ntev los ntawm kev ua kom tsis txhob tawg, tawg thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
5.3 Kev hloov kho Rheological
Cov khoom rheological ntawm cov cement slurries tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev txiav txim siab siv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers, yog li cuam tshuam rau viscosity thiab dej ntws.
F. Kev Sib Tw thiab Kev daws teeb meem
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers, cov kev cov nyom tseem nyob hauv kev ua kom pom kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau hom cement. Cov kev sib tw no suav nrog:
6.1 ncua sij hawm teem caij
Qee cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers tuaj yeem ua rau ncua sij hawm teem sijhawm ntawm cov cement, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo hloov kho kom tswj tau qhov kev tsim kho.
6.2 Cov nyhuv ntawm compressive zog
Kev ntsuas qhov xav tau kev hloov kho rheological nrog rau qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lub zog compressive yog ib qho kev sib tw uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom zoo thiab kho kom zoo.
6.3 Cov nqi txiav txim siab
Tus nqi-zoo ntawm incor perforation ntawm starch ethers yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam, xav txog tag nrho cov zoo thiab tej yam tsis zoo.
G. Xaus
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov kho cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv cement. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers nrog ntau hom cement yog ib qho kev sib txuam uas muaj kev nkag siab txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm qib molecular, lawv cov nyhuv ntawm dej thiab qhov cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib tw, kev ua tib zoo tsim thiab kev ntsuam xyuas tuaj yeem pab paub txog tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers, pab txhim kho cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab cov khoom siv cement-based hauv kev tsim kho. Kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav tsum tsom rau kev daws cov teeb meem tshwj xeeb thiab nthuav dav cov kev siv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers hauv cov tshuab cement.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-05-2023