He aha ka lae hehee o HPMC?

ʻO Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) he semi-synthetic, wai-soluble polymer i loaʻa mai ka cellulose. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai, ke kūkulu ʻana, a me nā mea hoʻonaninani, ma muli o kāna mau ʻano like ʻole e like me ka mānoanoa, ka paʻa ʻana, ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Eia naʻe, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole loaʻa i ka HPMC kahi helu heheʻe kikoʻī no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoheheʻe maoli ʻia e like me nā mea crystalline. Akā, hana ia i kahi kaʻina hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa wela ke hoʻomehana ʻia.

1. Nā waiwai o HPMC:
He keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ʻo HPMC, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe. ʻOkoʻa kona mau waiwai ma muli o nā kumu e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana (DS), ke kaumaha molekala, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka nui. Ma keʻano maʻamau, hōʻike ia i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona:

ʻO ke ʻano non-ionic: ʻAʻole lawe ʻo HPMC i kahi uku uila i ka hopena, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe.
Hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni: Hiki i ka HPMC ke hana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni maʻalahi a maʻalahi i ka wā maloʻo, e loaʻa ai nā noi i loko o nā uhi, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me nā palapala hoʻokuʻu hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Mānoanoa mānoanoa: Hāʻawi ia i ka viscosity i nā hopena, e hoʻohana pono ai i nā huahana meaʻai, nā mea hoʻonaninani, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hydrophilic: Loaʻa i ka HPMC kahi pilina kiʻekiʻe no ka wai, kahi e kōkua ai i kona solubility a me nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

2. Hoʻohui o HPMC:
Hoʻopili ʻia ka HPMC ma o ke ʻano o nā hopena kemika e pili ana i ka cellulose, propylene oxide, a me ka methyl chloride. ʻO ke kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka etherification o cellulose me propylene oxide a ukali ʻia e ka methylation me ka methyl chloride. Hiki ke ho'omalu 'ia ke degere o ka ho'ololi 'ana (DS) o nā pū'ulu hydroxypropyl a me methoxy e ho'ololi i nā waiwai o ka HPMC i hopena.

3. Nā noi o HPMC:
ʻOihana lāʻau lapaʻau: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo HPMC ma ke ʻano he excipient i loko o nā hoʻomākaukau lāʻau lapaʻau, me nā papa, nā capsules, nā ophthalmic solutions, a me nā palapala hoʻokuʻu hoʻokuʻu ʻia.
ʻOihana meaʻai: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, stabilizer, a me ka emulsifier i nā huahana meaʻai e like me nā kīʻaha, nā sopa, nā ice cream, a me nā mea bakena.
ʻOihana kūkulu: Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo HPMC i nā huahana sima e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, a me ka pili. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā tile adhesives, mortars, a me nā renders.
ʻOihana Hoʻomaʻamaʻa: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HPMC i nā ʻano hana hoʻonaninani like ʻole e like me ka ʻaila, nā lotions, a me nā shampoos no kona mānoanoa a hoʻopaʻa i nā waiwai.

4. Hana wela o HPMC:
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo mua ʻia, ʻaʻohe wahi heheʻe o HPMC ma muli o kona ʻano amorphous. Akā, loaʻa ia i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa wela ke hoʻomehana ʻia. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa e pili ana i ka haki ʻana o nā paʻa kemika i loko o ke kaulahao polymer, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā huahana decomposition volatile.

ʻO ka mahana hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka HPMC e pili ana i nā kumu he nui, e like me kona kaumaha molekala, degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻomaka ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa wela o HPMC ma kahi o 200°C a holomua me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka ʻaoʻao hoʻohaʻahaʻa ma muli o ka helu kikoʻī o ka HPMC a me ka helu wela.

I ka wā o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wela, hoʻokō ka HPMC i nā kaʻina hana like, me ka dehydration, depolymerization, a me ka decomposition o nā hui hana. ʻO nā huahana decomposition nui ka wai, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methanol, a me nā hydrocarbons like ʻole.

5. Nā ʻenehana loiloi wela no HPMC:
Hiki ke aʻo ʻia ke ʻano wela o ka HPMC me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano loiloi like ʻole, me:
Nānā Thermogravimetric (TGA): Ana ʻo TGA i ka poho kaumaha o kahi laʻana ma ke ʻano he hana o ka mahana, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike e pili ana i kona kūpaʻa wela a me nā kinetics decomposition.
Kalorimetry scan differential (DSC): Ana ʻo DSC i ka kahe wela i loko a i waho o kahi laʻana ma ke ʻano he hana o ka mahana, e ʻae ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pae a me nā hanana wela e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana.
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR): Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka FTIR no ka nānā ʻana i nā hoʻololi kemika i ka HPMC i ka wā o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wela ma o ka nānā ʻana i nā loli i nā pūʻulu hana a me ke ʻano molekala.

6. Ka hopena:
ʻO ka HPMC he polymer versatile me ka nui o nā noi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, meaʻai, kūkulu, a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. ʻAʻole like me nā mea crystalline, ʻaʻohe wahi hoʻoheheʻe kikoʻī o ka HPMC akā ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka wela i ka wā i wela ai. Pili ka mahana hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumu like ʻole a hoʻomaka ma kahi o 200°C. Pono ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano wela o ka HPMC no ka mālama pono ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole.