He aha ka CMC i ka ʻoihana kemika?

I ka ʻoihana kemika, ua kapa ʻia ʻo CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium) ʻo CMC. ʻO CMC kahi mea waiwai nui o ka cellulose derivative i loaʻa ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka cellulose kūlohelohe. ʻO ke kikoʻī, ʻo ka molecular structure o CMC ʻo ia nā hui carboxymethyl i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka mole cellulose, ka mea e hāʻawi iā ia i nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika hou, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka kemika, ka meaʻai, ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

1. Hoʻolālā kemika a me nā waiwai o CMC
CMC mea he cellulose ether pūhui i loaʻa ma ka hopena o ka cellulose a me ka chloroacetic waika, a me kona kumu structural waeʻano he β-1,4-glucose apo. ʻAʻole like me ka cellulose maoli, hoʻokomo ʻia nā hui carboxymethyl i loko o ka molecular structure o CMC, e hiki ai iā ia ke hana i kahi hopena colloidal viscous i ka wai. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kaumaha molekala o CMC e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pane ʻana, a ʻo nā CMC o nā kaupaona molekala like ʻole e hōʻike i ka solubility a me ka viscosity i ka noi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka solubility a me ka viscosity o CMC e ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka helu o nā substituent ma ka mole cellulose). ʻO ka CMC me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka maʻamau i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka solubility a me ka viscosity. Loaʻa i ka CMC ke kūpaʻa kemika kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa kahi ʻae ʻana i ka waika a me ka alkali, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa a maikaʻi ʻole, a hoʻokō i ka palekana o ke kaiapuni a me nā kūlana olakino.

2. Kaʻina hana CMC
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o CMC aia i ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu: alkaliization, etherification a me ka mālama ʻana.

Alkalization: ʻO ka cellulose (maʻamau mai nā mea kūlohelohe e like me ka pulupulu a me ka pulp lāʻau) e mālama ʻia me ka sodium hydroxide e hoʻonui ai i ka hana hydroxyl o cellulose, kahi kūpono no nā hopena hope.
Etherification: Hoʻohui ʻia ka sodium chloroacetate i ka cellulose alkalized, a hoʻokomo ʻia nā hui carboxymethyl ma o ka hopena e hoʻololi i ka cellulose i carboxymethyl cellulose.
Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana: ʻO ka CMC i hana ʻia e ka hopena i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, kānana, maloʻo a ʻokiʻoki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana o nā kikoʻī like ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ke kaumaha molekala o ka huahana ma o ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā kūlana hopena, ka ʻike maka kumu a me ka manawa pane, i loaʻa ai nā huahana CMC me nā ʻano viscosities a me nā waiwai solubility.

3. Nā hiʻohiʻona hana o CMC
Ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa maikaʻi loa, stabilizer, kiʻiʻoniʻoni mua a hoʻopili, loaʻa iā CMC nā hiʻohiʻona hana:

Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe wai maikaʻi: Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka CMC i ka wai a hiki ke hana i kahi hoʻonā colloidal māmā, a maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe.
Ka hopena mānoanoa ikaika: Hiki i ka CMC ke hoʻonui nui i ka viscosity o ka hopena ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi e loaʻa ai ka waiwai noi kiʻekiʻe i nā manawa he nui e koi ʻia ai nā hopena mānoanoa.
Paʻa: He kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka CMC i ka waika, alkali, māmā, wela, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a he kūpaʻa hoʻonā maikaʻi.
Palekana a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka CMC i ka meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. He palekana a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa a kūpono i nā mea pili i ka meaʻai pololei a i ʻole.

4. Nā kahua noi o CMC
ʻOihana meaʻai: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, emulsifier, stabilizer, etc. i ka ʻoihana meaʻai. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka ice cream, jam, condiments, inu, waiu huahana, etc. No ka laʻana, ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa i ka ice cream hiki ke pale pono i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā kristal hau a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻono o ka ice cream.

ʻOihana lāʻau lapaʻau: Ma ke kahua lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka CMC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili no nā papa, kahi matrix no ka ʻaila, a me ka mānoanoa no kekahi mau lāʻau wai. Loaʻa iā CMC kekahi mau waiwai adhesion a me nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena hoʻokuʻu ʻia o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa a me ka helu absorption o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻOihana kemika o kēlā me kēia lā: I nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā huahana mālama pilikino, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo CMC i nā lotions, creams, shampoos a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe e like me ka mānoanoa a me ka stabilizer. ʻO ka wai maikaʻi o ka wai a me nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni o CMC hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i ke ʻano o nā mea hoʻonaninani a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palupalu o ka huahana.

ʻO ka ʻoihana Petroleum: Hoʻokani ʻo CMC i ka hana o ka mānoanoa a me ka kānana kānana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai, ka haʻihaʻi ʻana i ka wai a me ka slurry sima, e hōʻemi maikaʻi ana i ka hopena o ka lilo ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka wā wili, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono a me ka palekana.

ʻO ka lole lole a me ka ʻoihana hana pepa: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui lole, ka mea hoʻopau lole a me ka mea hoʻohui pepa i loko o ka textile a me ka pepa hana pepa, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika wili a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa wai a me ka ikaika tensile o ka pepa.

5. Ke koi mākeke a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o CMC
Me ka ulu wikiwiki o ka hoʻokele honua a me ka holomua ʻenehana, ke ulu nei ka noi mākeke no CMC. ʻOi loa i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai e nānā nui ana nā mea kūʻai aku i ke olakino a me ka palekana, ua hoʻololi mālie ka CMC mānoanoa a me ka pōʻino ʻole i kekahi mau kemika synthetic. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomau ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mākeke CMC, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā noi noi o nā mānoanoa meaʻai, nā wai hoʻoheheʻe, nā mea lawe hoʻokuʻu i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, etc.

No ka mea ʻo ke kumu kumu kumu o CMC he cellulose kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina hana. I mea e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kemika ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ke hoʻomaikaʻi mau nei ke kaʻina hana CMC, e like me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pollution emissions i ka hana hana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai, etc. ʻo ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau.

Ma ke ʻano he cellulose derivative koʻikoʻi, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) i nā ʻoihana he nui e like me ke kemika, ka meaʻai, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kinikini o kēlā me kēia lā, petroleum, textile a me ka hana pepa ma muli o kona ʻano wai kū hoʻokahi, mānoanoa a me ka paʻa maikaʻi. Me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi mākeke, ke hoʻonui mau nei ke kaʻina hana a me nā kahua noi o CMC, a he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kula o ka ʻoihana kemika ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā noi hana kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e hiki mai ana.