E aʻo ana ma ka hoʻāʻo pailaka o ka hana ʻana o PVC Resin mai Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka HPMC home, a ua aʻo ʻia ka hana nui o ka HPMC home i ka hana ʻana o PVC a me kona hopena i ka maikaʻi o ka resin PVC i ka hoʻokolohua pilot. Hōʻike nā hopena:①ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o ka HPMC home, a ʻo ka hana o ka resin PVC i hana ʻia e like me ka maikaʻi o ka resin PVC i hana ʻia e nā huahana HPMC i lawe ʻia mai;②Ke hoʻohanaʻia ka HPMC home i ka hana PVC, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi a hoʻoponopono maikaʻiʻia ka PVC ma ka hoʻololiʻana i keʻano a me ka nui o HPMC Ka hana o nā huahana resin;③He kūpono ka HPMC no ka hana ʻana i nā resins PVC wehe. ʻO nā ʻāpana resin PVC i hana ʻia he kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi a me ka māmā e pili ana i ka ipuhao;④Hiki i nā huahana HPMC kūloko ke pani i nā huahana HPMC i lawe ʻia mai.

Hua'ōlelo nui:PVC; dispersant; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o HPMC me ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻē i ka makahiki 1960, a ua hoʻomaka koʻu ʻāina e hoʻomohala i ka HPMC i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1970. Ma muli o ke kaohi ʻana o nā mea hana, ʻenehana a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke kūpaʻa ka maikaʻi, a he fibrous ka helehelena. No kēia kumu, ʻo ka HPMC i koi ʻia e ka PVC resin industry, pharmaceutical industry, high-end building materials, cosmetics, steel, food a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe a pau e hilinaʻi nei i ka lawe ʻana mai, mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iapana, a aia ʻo HPMC i ka monopoly haole. . I ka makahiki 1990, ua hoʻonohonoho ka Ministry of Chemical Industry i nā ʻāpana kūpono e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, a hana i nā huahana i hoʻokō i nā koi ʻoihana ʻoihana o PVC, e ʻike ana i ka localization o HPMC. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻokumu paʻa nā mea hana HPMC home maikaʻi i ka manaʻo hoʻomohala o ka hana hou, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka wehe ʻana, a me ka kaʻana like ʻana, koi ʻia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a ua hoʻokō maikaʻi i ka hoʻomohala kiʻekiʻe ma o ka hoʻomohala kūʻokoʻa, ka hoʻomohala ʻepekema, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana. o ka ikehu kinetic kahiko a me ka hou. Manaʻo ʻia e ka China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, ʻo ka GB / T 34263-2017 "Hydroxypropyl Methyl Fiber for Industrial Use", i koho ʻia e ka China Chemical Standardization Technical Committee a ʻae ʻia e ka ʻāpana hoʻolālā, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ma 2017, a ua ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa ma ʻApelila 1, 2018. Mai ia manawa, aia nā kūlana no nā ʻoihana PVC e kūʻai a hoʻohana i nā huahana HPMC.

1. Ka maikaʻi o ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe

ʻO 30 # ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ke ʻano o nā fiber maikaʻi ma lalo o ka microscope. ʻO ka pulupulu pulupulu oʻo he mau haneli o ka crystallized kumu kumu i loko o kona ʻāpana keʻa, a ua hui pū ʻia nā fiber element kumu i loko o nā haneli o nā pulupulu puʻupuʻu. ʻO kēia mau puʻupuʻu fibril Hoʻopili ʻia ka pulupulu pulupulu i nā ʻāpana concentric. He mea kūpono kēia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka cellulose alkalized a me ke kūlike o ka degere etherification, a kūpono hoʻi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hiki ke paʻa paʻa o HPMC i ka wā o ka polymerization PVC.

Hoʻohana ʻo 30 # i ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā linters pulupulu me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ka degere polymerization haʻahaʻa e like me ka mea maka, paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, a kiʻekiʻe ke kumu kūʻai. Hoʻohana ʻo 1000 # i ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā linters pulupulu me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization e like me ka mea maka, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana, a haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe 30 # no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana kiʻekiʻe e like me PVC resin / lāʻau lapaʻau / meaʻai, a hoʻohana ʻia ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe 1000 # e hana i nā mea hana hale a i ʻole nā ​​​​papa noi.

2. ʻO keʻano, keʻano hoʻohālike a me ke kaʻina hana o nā huahana HPMC

2.1 Nā waiwai o nā huahana HPMC

HPMChe mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, ʻala ʻole, ʻono ʻole keʻokeʻo a i ʻole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo fibrous a granular pauka i hana ʻia me ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe maoli e like me ka mea nui. He semi-synthetic, inactive, viscoelastic polymer, non-ionic type pūhui. ʻO nā inoa inoa Pākē he hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether, a me hypromellose, a ʻo ka molecular formula [C6H7O2(OH)2COOR]n.

ʻO 225-230 ka helu heheʻe o HPMC°C, he 1.26-1.31 g/cm ka nui³, ʻo ka nui o ka molekala pili ma kahi o 22,000, ʻo ka mahana carbonization he 280-300°C, a he 42-56 mN/m (2% aqueous solution).

ʻO nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika o ka HPMC ka mea nui i kēia mau helu.

(1) Ka helu helu nui: ʻO ka HPMC ka nui o ka helu helu no ka resin PVC he mau koi kiʻekiʻe. ʻO 150 ka nui o ka hele ʻanaμʻoi aku ka nui o ka m ma mua o 98.5%, a ʻo 187 ka pākēnekaμm he 100%. ʻO ke koi nui o nā kikoʻī kūikawā ma waena o 250 a me 425μm.

(2) Solubility: hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe e like me ka wai a me nā ʻawaʻawa, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a loaʻa ka hana ma luna. ʻO ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe, ka hana paʻa o ka hopena, nā kikoʻī like ʻole o nā huahana i loaʻa i nā mahana gel ʻokoʻa, hoʻololi ka solubility me ka viscosity, ka haʻahaʻa o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka solubility, nā kikoʻī like ʻole o HPMC i kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i ka hana, a ʻo ka solubility i ka wai ʻaʻole. pili i ka waiwai pH.

ʻOkoʻa ka solubility i ka wai anuanu a me ka wai wela. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana me ka methoxyl kiʻekiʻe i ka wai wela ma luna o 85°C, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana me ka methoxyl ma waena o ka wai wela ma luna o 65°C, a me nā huahana me ka haʻahaʻa methoxyl maʻiʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela ma luna o 65°C. Ka wai wela ma luna o 60°C. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka HPMC maʻamau i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe e like me ka ethanol, ether, a me ka chloroform, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o 10% a 80% ethanol aqueous solution a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o ka methanol a me dichloromethane. Loaʻa i ka HPMC kekahi hygroscopicity. Ma ka 25°ʻO C / 80% RH, ʻo ka equilibrium moisture absorption he 13%, a paʻa loa ia i kahi maloʻo maloʻo a me ka waiwai pH o 3.0-11.0.

(3) He mau hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa ka HPMC o ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai anuanu akā hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela. ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka HPMC i loko o ka wai anuanu a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a lilo i wai aniani. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kekahi mau huahana brand i ka wai wela ma luna o 60°C, a hiki ke pehu wale. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia waiwai no ka holoi ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hiki ke hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai, hoʻemi i ka pollution, a hoʻonui i ka palekana hana. Me ka emi ʻana o ka methoxyl maʻiʻo, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka helu gel o HPMC, ua emi ka solubility i ka wai, a ua emi pū ka hana ma luna.

(4) Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HPMC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaha hoʻomaha a me ka dispersant i ka polymerization o vinyl chloride a me vinylidene. Hiki ke hoʻohana pū me ka polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) a i ʻole kūʻokoʻa, a hiki ke hoʻomalu i ke ʻano ʻāpana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻāpana.

(5) Loaʻa i ka HPMC ke kūpaʻa enzyme ikaika, nā waiwai gel thermal (ka wai wela ma luna o 60°ʻAʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo C, akā pehu wale nō), nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa, paʻa waiwai pH (3.0-11.0), Paʻa wai a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he nui.

Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa i luna, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka HPMC i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoihana petrochemical, kūkulu, seramika, textile, meaʻai, kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, resin synthetic, uhi a me nā uila.

2.2 kŘkohu huahana HPMC

ʻOkoʻa ka ratio o ka methoxyl content a me ka hydroxypropyl content i nā huahana HPMC, ʻokoʻa ka viscosity, a ʻokoʻa ka hana o ka huahana.

2.3 Kaʻina hana o nā huahana HPMC

Hoʻohana ʻo HPMC i ka pulupulu cellulose i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu nui, a hana i ka pauka pulupulu ma o ka hana ʻana. E hoʻokomo i ka pauka pulupulu i loko o ka ipuhao polymerization vertical, e hoʻopuehu iā ia ma kahi o 10 mau manawa o ka solvent (toluene, isopropanol e like me ka solvent hui ʻia), a hoʻohui i ka Lye (hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka soda caustic meaʻai i ka wai wela mua), propylene oxide, methyl chloride etherification agent, etherification reaction e lawe ʻia ma kekahi mahana a me ke kaomi, a hoʻopau ʻia ka huahana hopena me ka waikawa, lawe ʻia ka hao, holoi a maloʻo, a loaʻa iā HPMC.

3. Hoʻohana i ka HPMC i ka hana PVC

3.1 Kumu o ka hana

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka noi ʻana o HPMC ma ke ʻano he dispersant i ka hana ʻoihana PVC e kona ʻano mole. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke ʻano molekalale o HPMC he pūʻulu hana hydrophilic hydroxypropyl (-OCH-CHOHCH3) ka pūʻulu hana lipophilic methoxyl (-OCH,) lipophilic methoxyl (-OCH,). I loko o ka vinyl chloride suspension polymerization, ka dispersant ka mea nui i ka papa kuhikuhi o ka monomer droplet-water phase, a hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana hydrophilic o ka dispersant e hoʻonui i ka pae wai, a ʻo ka ʻāpana lipophilic e hoʻonui i ka monomer. kulu kulu. I loko o ka HPMC, he māhele hydrophilic ka māhele hydroxypropyl, i hoʻokaʻawale nuiʻia i ka māhele wai; ʻO ka māhele methoxy-based he māhele lipophilic, i hoʻolaha nuiʻia i ka māhele monomer. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻāpana lipophilic i puʻunaue ʻia i ka māhele monomer e pili ana i ka nui o ka mea nui, ka pae o ka hoʻohui ʻana, a me ka porosity o ka resin. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻiʻo o ka lipophilic māhele, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hopena pale i nā ʻāpana mua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā mea nui, a me ka resin Ke piʻi aʻe ka porosity o ka resin a me ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike; ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻiʻo o ka ʻāpana hydrophilic, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka hopena pale i nā ʻāpana mua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā ʻāpana mua, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka porosity o ka resin, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike. Eia kekahi, ikaika loa ka hopena pale o ka dispersant. Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka viscosity o ka ʻōnaehana hopena polymerization, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waena o nā ʻāpana resin, e hana ʻole i ke ʻano o ke kino; ʻO ka hopena pale o ka dispersant ua nāwaliwali loa, a me nā mea mua He mea maʻalahi ke hoʻohui i ka pae o ka hoʻololi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka polymerization, pēlā e hana ai i ka resin me ke ʻano ʻāpana irregular.

Ua hōʻoia ʻia ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC a me nā mea hoʻopuehu ʻē aʻe i ka polymerization hoʻokuʻu ʻia o ka vinyl chloride hiki ke hōʻemi i ka ʻāʻī ma waena o ka vinyl chloride a me ka wai i ka pae mua o ka polymerization. ʻO ka hoʻopuehu kūpaʻa i ka wai wai, ua kapa ʻia kēia hopena i ka hiki ke hoʻopuehu o ka dispersant; ma ka lima 'ē aʻe, ka lipophilic hana pūʻulu o ka dispersant adsorbed ma luna o ka ili o ka vinyl chloride droplet hana i ka pale pale e pale aku i ka aggregation o ka vinyl chloride droplet. He kuleana ko ka droplet i ka stabilization a me ka pale ʻana, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka colloid retention ability o ka dispersant. ʻO ia hoʻi, i loko o ka ʻōnaehana polymerization suspension, hoʻokani ka dispersant i ʻelua hana o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ke kūpaʻa colloidal.

3.2 Ka nānā 'ana i ka hana noi

ʻO ka resin PVC kahi pauka paʻa paʻa. ʻO kona mau hiʻohiʻona (me ke ʻano o kona ʻāpana, ka nui a me ka hāʻawi ʻana, ka microstructure a me ka nui o ka pore a me ka hāʻawi ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) e pili nui i ka hana ʻana o nā plastics a me ka hana huahana, a hoʻoholo i ka PVC. ʻElua mau kumu i loaʻa ka mana nui loa i nā ʻano o nā ʻāpana resin:①ʻO ka hoʻouluʻana o ka pahu polymerization, ua paʻa nā mea hana, aʻaʻole i hoʻololiʻia nāʻano hoʻoulu;②ʻO ka ʻōnaehana dispersant o ka monomer i ke kaʻina polymerization, ʻo ia hoʻi, pehea e koho ai i ke ʻano, ka papa a me ka Dosage ka mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi e kāohi ana i nā waiwai o nā pellets resin PVC.

Mai ka resin granulation mechanical i ke kaʻina hana polymerization hoʻokuʻu, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi dispersant ma mua o ka hopena e lawelawe nui ʻia e hoʻopaʻa i nā kulu ʻaila monomer i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻoulu ʻana a pale i ka polymerization like a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā droplets aila. No laila, e pili ana ka hopena o ka dispersant i nā waiwai nui o ka resin polymer.

He pilina maikaʻi ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa colloid o ka dispersant me ka viscosity a i ʻole ke kaumaha molekala. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka viscosity o ka hoʻonā wai, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika o ke kiʻi pale i adsorbed ma ka vinyl chloride-water phase interface, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni rupture a me ka palaoa coarsening.

ʻO ka hoʻonā wai o ka dispersant he hana interfacial, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hana o ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kulu aila monomer i hana ʻia, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike o nā ʻāpana resin i loaʻa, a me ka wehe a ʻoi aku ka porous.

Ua hōʻoia ʻia ma o ka noiʻi hoʻokolohua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka interfacial tension o HPMC i loko o ka wai dispersant solutions o gelatin, PVA, a me HPMC ma ka hoʻohālikelike like, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hana ili o HPMC i loko. ka vinyl chloride suspension polymerization system, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka HPMC dispersant. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā dispersants PVA viscosity a me ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka awelika molecular paona o HPMC (ma kahi o 22 000) ma mua o ka PVA (ma kahi o 150 000), ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka hana paʻa ʻana o ka HPMC dispersants. o PVA.

Hōʻike ka ʻatikala a me ka loiloi ma luna e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka HPMC e hana i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā resins PVC hoʻokuʻu. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PVA me kahi degere o ka alcoholysis o 80%, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka paʻa ʻana o ka glue a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka dispersion;.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 5% PVA, ua like ka mana paʻa o ka glue a me ka hiki ke hoʻopuehu. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HPMC ma ke ʻano he dispersant, a ʻo nā ʻāpana resin i hana ʻia e HPMC he liʻiliʻi "kiʻiʻoniʻoni" maʻiʻo, ʻilihune mau o ka resin particles, finer particle size, kiʻekiʻe absorption o resin processing plasticizers, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka paʻa i ka ipu hao, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ia. -ʻawaʻawa a maʻalahi Hoʻopuka i nā resins lāʻau lapaʻau me ka mālamalama kiʻekiʻe.

E like me ka mea i luna theoretical a me ka hana hana loiloi, HPMC a me PVA, e like me ka nui dispersants no ka suspension polymerization, hiki basically hoʻokō i ka pono o ka resin huahana, akā, paʻakikī loa e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka adhesive paʻa hiki a me ka hana interfacial i polymerization. hana ʻana. No ka mea, loaʻa i nā mea ʻelua ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona ponoʻī, i mea e hana ai i nā huahana resin kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā mea hana i nā ʻōnaehana composite me nā mana paʻa paʻa like ʻole a me nā hana interfacial, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻōnaehana dispersant composite PVA a me HPMC, e hoʻokō i ka hopena o ke aʻo ʻana mai kēlā me kēia. ʻē aʻe.

3.3 Hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi o HPMC ma ka home a ma waho

ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻāʻo wela o ka gel e hoʻomākaukau i ka wai wai me ka hapa nui o 0.15%, e hoʻohui iā ia i kahi paipu colorimetric, e hoʻokomo i kahi thermometer, e wela mālie a hoʻoulu mālie, ke ʻike ʻia ka hopena milky white filamentous gel ka palena haʻahaʻa o ʻO ka mahana gel, e hoʻomau i ka wela a me ka hoʻouluʻana , i ka wā e lilo ai ka hopena i keʻokeʻo milky ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana gel.

3.4 Kūlana o nā ʻano like ʻole o HPMC ma ka home a ma waho ma lalo o ka microscope

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kiʻi o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka HPMC ma lalo o ka microscope:①ʻO ka E50 haole a me ka home 60YT50 HPMC e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano hui ʻia ma lalo o ka microscope, ʻo ke ʻano mole o ka home 60YT50HPMC he paʻa a ʻaʻahu, a ua hoʻopuehu ʻia ke ʻano mole o ka haole E50;②Ka aggregated moku'āina o ka home 60YT50 HPMC Hiki i ka hale ke ho'ēmi i ka interfacial tension ma waena o vinyl chloride a me ka wai, a kōkua vinyl chloride e hoopuehu i uniformly a stably i loko o ka wai, 'o ia hoʻi, no ka mea, o ka hydroxypropyl maʻiʻo o 60YT50 HPMC he iki kiekie ae. ʻoi aku ka hydrophilic, ʻoiai ʻo ES0 Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā pūʻulu methoxyl, theoretically, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lāʻau;③pale i ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā kulu vinyl chloride i ka wā mua o ke kaʻina polymerization;④pale i ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā ʻāpana polymer i waena a me nā pae hope o ke kaʻina polymerization. Ke aʻo nui nei ka ʻōnaehana aggregate i ka hoʻonohonoho like ʻana o nā molekole cellulose (crystalline a me nā ʻāina amorphous, ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka cell unit, ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā kaulahao mole i loko o ka pūnaehana ʻāpana, ka nui o nā crystallites, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho ( molecular kaulahao a me ka Orientation o microcrystals), etc., ua conducive i ka piha grafting hopena o ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wā etherification, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka intrinsic maikaʻi a me ka paʻa o HPMC.

3.5 Moku'āina o HPMC solution wai ma ka home a ma waho

Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka HPMC kūloko a me ka haole i 1% aqueous solution, a ʻo ka transmittance māmā o ka home 60YT50 HPMC he 93%, a ʻo ka E50 HPMC haole he 94%, a ʻaʻohe kumu ʻokoʻa i ka transmittance māmā ma waena o nā mea ʻelua.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā huahana HPMC kūloko a me nā haole i 0.5% aqueous solution, a ʻike ʻia ka hopena ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka cellulose HPMC. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka maka ʻokoʻa he maikaʻi loa ka ʻike o nā mea ʻelua, maopopo a maopopo, a ʻaʻohe nui o ka fiber insoluble, e hōʻike ana i ka maikaʻi o ka HPMC i lawe ʻia mai a me ka HPMC home. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka māmā transmittance o ka hoʻonā hōʻike i ka HPMC reacts piha i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka alkalization a me ka etherification, me ka nui o ka haumia a me ka insoluble fibers. ʻO ka mea mua, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i ka maikaʻi o HPMC. ʻO ka wai keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻōhū ea.

4. HPMC dispersant noi pailaka hoao

I mea e hōʻoia hou aku i ka hoʻopuehu hana o ka home HPMC i ka polymerization kaʻina hana a me kona mana i ka maikaʻi o ka PVC resin, ka R&D hui o Shandong Yiteng New Materials Co., Ltd. hoʻohana 'āina a me ka haole HPMC huahana like dispersants, a home HPMC. a me ka PVA i lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he dispersants. Ua ho'āʻo ʻia a hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka maikaʻi o nā resins i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e nā mana like ʻole o ka HPMC ma ke ʻano he dispersants ma Kina, a ua loiloi ʻia a kūkākūkā ʻia ka hopena noi o HPMC ma PVC resin.

4.1 Kaʻina hoʻokolohua hoʻokele

Ua lawe ʻia ka hopena polymerization i loko o kahi ipu hao polymerization 6 m3. I mea e hoʻopau ai i ka mana o ka maikaʻi o ka monomer i ka maikaʻi o ka resin PVC, ua hoʻohana ka mea hoʻokele i ke ʻano calcium carbide e hana ai i ka monomer vinyl chloride, a ʻo ka wai o ka monomer ma lalo o 50.×10-6. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka ʻūhā o ka ipu polymerization, e hoʻohui i ka vinyl chloride i ana ʻia a me ka wai ion-free i ka ipu polymerization ma ke kaʻina, a laila hoʻohui i ka dispersant a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe i koi ʻia e ke kumu i loko o ka ipu i ka manawa like ma hope o ke kaupaona ʻana. Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana no 15 mau minuke, ka wai wela ma 90°Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo C i loko o ka ʻaʻahu, wela i ka mahana polymerization e hoʻomaka ai i ka hopena polymerization, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka wai anuanu i loko o ka ʻaʻahu i ka manawa like, a ua hoʻomalu ʻia ka mahana hopena e DCS. Ke hāʻule ke kaomi o ka ipu polymerization i 0.15 MPa, hiki i ka 85% a hiki i ka 90% ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka polymerization, e hoʻohui i kahi terminator e hoʻopau i ka hopena, hoʻihoʻi i ka vinyl chloride, hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻomaloʻo e kiʻi i ka resin PVC.

4.2 Ho'āʻo Pilot o ka home 60YT50 a me nā haole E50 HPMC resin production

Mai ka ʻikepili hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi o ka home 60YT50 a me ka E50 HPMC haole e hana i ka resin PVC, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka viscosity a me ka plasticizer absorption o ka home 60YT50 HPMC PVC resin e like me nā huahana HPMC like ʻole, me nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, maikaʻi ponoʻī. - lawa, ʻO ka helu kūpono ʻo 100%, a ʻo nā mea ʻelua e pili kokoke ana i ka maikaʻi o ka resin. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻiʻo methoxyl o ka haole E50 ma mua o ko ka home 60YT50 HPMC, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o kāna hana paʻa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka resin PVC i loaʻa ma mua o nā dispersants HPMC home ma ke ʻano o ka absorption plasticizer a me ka ʻike ākea.

4.3 Home 60YT50 HPMC a me PVA i lawe ʻia mai i hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka dispersant e hana i ka hoʻāʻo pilot resin.

4.3.1 ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka resin PVC i hana ʻia

Hana ʻia ka resin PVC e ka home 60YT50 HPMC a lawe ʻia mai ka PVA dispersant. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi: me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 60YT50HPMC maikaʻi like a me ka ʻōnaehana dispersant PVA i lawe ʻia e hana i ka resin PVC i kēlā me kēia, no ka mea ma ke ʻano he 60YTS0 HPMC dispersant ka ikaika dispersion a me ka hana paʻa paʻa maikaʻi. ʻAʻole maikaʻi e like me ka PVA dispersion system. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka resin PVC i hana ʻia e 60YTS0 HPMC dispersion system ma mua o ka PVA dispersant, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka absorption plasticizer, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nui o ka nui o ka resin. Hiki i nā hopena ho'āʻo ke hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano like ʻole o 60YT50 HPMC a me nā ʻōnaehana dispersant PVA i lawe ʻia mai, a noʻonoʻo pū i nā pono a me nā hemahema o nā dispersant ʻelua mai ka hana ʻana o ka resin PVC. Ma nā ʻōlelo o ka microstructure, ʻo ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka HPMC dispersant resin Thin, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka resin i ka plasticize i ka wā e hana ai.

4.3.2 Ke kūlana kiʻiʻoniʻoni o nā ʻāpana resin PVC ma lalo o ka microscope electron

Ke nānā nei i ka microstructure o nā ʻāpana resin, ʻo nā ʻāpana resin i hana ʻia e HPMC dispersant he ʻoi aku ka lahilahi o ka mānoanoa microscopic "film"; ʻO nā ʻāpana resin i hana ʻia e ka PVA dispersant i ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa microscopic "film". Eia kekahi, no nā mea hana calcium carbide resin me nā mea kiʻekiʻe o ka vinyl chloride monomer impurities, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka paʻa o ka ʻōnaehana formula, pono lākou e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka dispersant, e hopena i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka waiho ʻana o nā ʻāpana resin. a me ka mānoanoa o ka "kiʻiʻoniʻoni". ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hana ʻana i ka plasticizing i lalo.

4.4 Ho'āʻo Pilot o nā māka like ʻole o HPMC e hana i ka resin PVC

4.4.1 Ka maikaʻi o ka resin PVC i hana ʻia

Ke hoʻohana nei i nā māka home like ʻole o ka HPMC (me nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole a me ka hydroxypropyl content) ma ke ʻano he dispersant hoʻokahi, ʻo ka nui o ka dispersant he 0.060% o ka monomer vinyl chloride, a ua hoʻokō ʻia ka polymerization o ka vinyl chloride ma 56.5.° C no ka loaʻa ʻana ʻO ka awelika nui o ka ʻāpana, ʻike ʻia ka nui, a me ka plasticizer absorption o PVC resin.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai kēia:①Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 65YT50 HPMC dispersion system, 75YT100 he viscosity o 65YT50 HPMC ma lalo o 75YT100HPMC, a ʻo ka hydroxypropyl ma lalo o 75YT100HPMC, ʻoiai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka methoxyl ma mua o 75YT100 HPMC. E like me ka theoretical analysis of dispersants, viscosity and hydroxypropyl ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka waihona kumu e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka hiki ke hoʻopuehu o HPMC, a ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike methoxy e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa o ka dispersant. ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopuehu 65YT50 HPMC e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka nui o ka resin PVC (ka nui o ka nui), Ke piʻi aʻe ka ʻike a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka plasticizer;②Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 60YT50 HPMC dispersion system, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hydroxypropyl content o 60YT50 HPMC ma mua o ka 65YT50 HPMC, a ua kokoke a kiʻekiʻe ka ʻike methoxy o nā mea ʻelua. Wahi a ke kumumanaʻo dispersant, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hydroxypropyl content, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka dispersing hiki o ka dispersant, no laila ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻopuehu o 60YT50 HPMC; i ka manawa like, ua kokoke ka maʻiʻo methoxyl ʻelua a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka paʻa ʻana o ka glue, Ma nā ʻōnaehana dispersion 60YT50 HPMC a me 65YT50 HPMC o ka maikaʻi like, ka resin PVC i hana ʻia e 60YT50HPMC ma mua o ka 65YT50 HPMC dispersion. Pono e loaʻa i ka ʻōnaehana ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi awelika nui (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui) a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, no ka mea, ua kokoke ka methoxyl ma loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopuehu i (ka hana paʻa paʻa), ka hopena i ka absorption plasticizer like. ʻO kēia ke kumu i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai ka 60YT50 HPMC i ka ʻoihana resin PVC i ke koho ʻana i nā dispersant composite PVA a me HPMC. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā hoʻohana kūpono ʻia ʻo 65YT50 HPMC i ka ʻōnaehana dispersion composite pono e hoʻoholo ʻia e like me nā hōʻailona maikaʻi o ka resin.

4.4.2 Māhele morphology o PVC resin particle ma lalo o microscope

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka morphology particle o ka resin PVC i hana ʻia e 2 mau ʻano o 60YT50 HPMC dispersants me nā ʻano hydroxypropyl a me methoxyl ʻokoʻa ma lalo o ka microscope: me ka piʻi ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl a me ka methoxyl content, ka hiki ke hoʻopuehu o HPMC, ka paʻa ʻana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 60YT50 HPMC (8.7% hydroxypropyl mass fraction, 28.5% methoxyl mass fraction), ʻo nā ʻāpana resin PVC i hana ʻia maʻamau, me ka ʻole o ka huelo, a wehe nā ʻāpana.

4.5 Ka hopena o ka helu 60YT50 HPMC i ka maikaʻi o ka resin PVC

Hoʻohana ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokele i ka 60YT50 HPMC ma ke ʻano he dispersant hoʻokahi me ka hapa nui o ka hui methoxyl o 28.5% a me kahi hapa nui o ka hui hydroxypropyl o 8.5%. ʻO ka awelika o ka nui o ka ʻeleʻele, ka ʻike maka, a me ka plasticizer absorption o ka resin PVC i loaʻa ma ka lawe ʻana i ka polymerization hoʻokuʻu o vinyl chloride ma 5°C.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia e like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka dispersant, piʻi ka mānoanoa o ka dispersant layer adsorbed ma ka droplet surface, ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hana dispersant a me ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa o ka dispersant, e hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka nui o ka PVC. resin a me ka emi ana o ka ili. Piʻi ka mānoanoa ʻike a hoʻemi ʻia ka absorption plasticizer.

5 Ka hopena

(1) ʻO ka hana noi o ka resin PVC i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai nā huahana HPMC home ua hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana like i lawe ʻia mai.

(2) Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka HPMC ma ke ʻano he dispersant hoʻokahi, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā huahana resin PVC me nā hōʻailona ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

(3) Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PVA dispersant, HPMC a me PVA dispersant, hoʻohana wale ʻia nā ʻano mea hoʻohui ʻelua e like me ka dispersant e hana i ka resin, a ʻo nā mea hōʻailona resin i hana ʻia he mau pono a me nā hemahema. Loaʻa i ka HPMC dispersant ka hana ʻili kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻaila monomer ikaika. Loaʻa iā ia ka hana like me ka PVA 72 .5% alcoholysis degere like hana.

(4) Ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi like, loaʻa nā helu like ʻole o ka HPMC methoxyl a me ka hydroxypropyl ʻokoʻa, he ʻokoʻa nā hoʻohana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka index maikaʻi o ka resin PVC. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o 60YT50 HPMC ma mua o 65YT50 HPMC ma muli o kāna ʻano hydroxypropyl kiʻekiʻe; 65YT50 HPMC Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka methoxy maʻiʻo o ka dispersant, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hana paʻa ʻana i ka lāʻau ma mua o 60YT50HPMC.

(5) ʻO ka mea maʻamau i ka hana ʻana i ka resin PVC, ʻokoʻa ka nui o ka dispersant 60YT50HPMC i hoʻohana ʻia, a ʻo ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o ka resin PVC he mau loli maopopo. Ke piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka dispersant 60YT50 HPMC, e emi ana ka nui o ka nui o ka resin PVC, e piʻi ka nui o ka nui, a me ka plasticization. Ke emi nei ka absorption rate o ka mea hana, a me ka hope.

Eia kekahi, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka PVA dispersant, hoʻohana ʻia ka HPMC e hana i nā huahana resin series, e hōʻike ana i ka elasticity a me ka paʻa i nā ʻāpana e like me ke ʻano polymerization kettle type, volume, stirring, etc. ka ipuhao, a hoemi i ka resin ili kiʻi Manoanoa, non-toxic resin, kiʻekiʻe thermal stability, e hoʻonui i ka transparency o resin downstream hana huahana, etc. Eia kekahi, home HPMC e kōkua PVC mea hana e ho'ēmi i ka hana koina, hoʻomaikaʻi market competitiveness, a lawe mai i ka maikai. pono waiwai.