Pehea e hana ai i ka carboxymethylcellulose?

ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) e pili ana i kekahi mau ʻanuʻu a me nā hopena kemika. ʻO ka CMC he polymer hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai i loaʻa mai ka cellulose, he polymer maoli i loaʻa i loko o nā paia cell o nā mea kanu. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ka meaʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea hoʻonaninani, a me nā textiles ma muli o kona mānoanoa, hoʻopaʻa, a me nā waiwai paʻa. Eia kahi alakaʻi kikoʻī e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka carboxymethylcellulose:

Introduction to Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC):

ʻO Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) he mea ia o ka cellulose, he polysaccharide maoli i loaʻa i loko o nā paia o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hana ʻana o CMC e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka cellulose ma o nā hopena kemika e hoʻokomo i nā hui carboxymethyl ma ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose. Hāʻawi kēia hoʻololi i ka hoʻoheheʻe wai a me nā waiwai makemake ʻē aʻe i ka polymer.

Mea Maka:

Cellulose: ʻO ka mea maka mua no ka hana CMC he cellulose. Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka cellulose mai nā kumu kūlohelohe like ʻole e like me ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu linter, a i ʻole nā ​​koena mahiʻai.

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): Hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium hydroxide i ka hana mua o ka CMC no ka mālama ʻana i ka cellulose alkali.

ʻO Chloroacetic Acid (ClCH2COOH): ʻO ka waikawa Chloroacetic ka reagent nui i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokomo i nā hui carboxymethyl ma ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose.

Etherification Catalyst: Hoʻohana ʻia nā Catalysts e like me ka sodium hydroxide a i ʻole ka sodium carbonate e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hopena etherification ma waena o ka cellulose a me ka chloroacetic acid.

Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e like me isopropanol a i ʻole ethanol e hoʻoheheʻe i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a kōkua i ke kaʻina hana.

Kaʻina hana:

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka carboxymethylcellulose e pili ana i kekahi mau hana nui:

1. Lapaʻau Alkali o Cellulose:

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Cellulose me kahi alkali ikaika, ʻo ia hoʻi ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH), e hoʻonui i kona reactivity ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi o kāna mau pūʻulu hydroxyl i ka cellulose alkali. Hana ʻia kēia mālama ʻana i loko o kahi moku reactor i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. Holoi ʻia ka cellulose alkali i hana ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia e wehe i ka alkali nui.

2. Etherification:

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa alkali, hoʻopili ʻia ka cellulose me ka chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) i mua o kahi catalyst etherification. Hoʻokomo kēia hopena i nā pūʻulu carboxymethyl ma ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose, ka hopena i ka hana ʻana o carboxymethylcellulose. ʻO ka hopena etherification ka mea maʻamau ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻomalu ʻia o ka mahana, ke kaomi, a me ka pH e hoʻokō i ke degere makemake o ka hoʻololi ʻana (DS) a me ke kaumaha molekala o CMC.

3. Holoi a hoomaemae:

Ma hope o ka hopena etherification, holoi maikaʻi ʻia ka huahana CMC maʻemaʻe no ka wehe ʻana i nā reagents, nā huahana, a me nā haumia. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka holoi ʻana me ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a ukali ʻia e ka kānana a i ʻole ka centrifugation. Hiki i nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke komo i ka mālama ʻana me nā waikawa a i ʻole nā ​​kumu no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pH a hoʻoneʻe i ke koena catalysts.

4. Hoʻomaloʻo:

Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka CMC i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no ka wehe ʻana i ka makū a loaʻa ka huahana hope i ka pauka a i ʻole ke ʻano granular. Hoʻohana maʻamau ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano e like me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, ka maloʻo maloʻo, a i ʻole ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka ea ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻomalu ʻia e pale ai i ka hōʻino a i ʻole ka agglomeration o ka polymer.

Mana maikaʻi:

Pono nā ʻano hoʻomalu maikaʻi i loko o ke kaʻina hana CMC e hōʻoia i ka kūlike, ka maʻemaʻe, a me nā waiwai i makemake ʻia o ka huahana hope. Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi:

Degree of substitution (DS): Ka helu awelika o nā pūʻulu carboxymethyl no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana glucose i ke kaulahao cellulose.

Māhele paona molekula: Hoʻoholo ʻia e nā ʻenehana e like me nā ana viscosity a i ʻole gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

Maʻemaʻe: ʻIke ʻia e nā ʻano analytical e like me infrared spectroscopy (IR) a i ʻole high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) e ʻike ai i nā haumia.

Viscosity: He waiwai koʻikoʻi no nā noi he nui, ana ʻia me ka viscometers e hōʻoia i ka paʻa a me ka hana.

Nā noi o Carboxymethylcellulose:

Loaʻa ka Carboxymethylcellulose i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me:

ʻOihana Meaʻai: Ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, stabilizer, a me ka emulsifier i nā huahana e like me nā kīʻaha, nā lole, ice cream, a me nā mea i kālua ʻia.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau: I loko o nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili, disintegrant, a me ka viscosity modifier i loko o nā papa, nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana, a me nā ʻano kumuhana.

Mea hoʻonani: I loko o nā huahana mālama pilikino e like me ka cream, lotions, a me nā shampoos ma ke ʻano he mea mānoanoa a me ka rheology modifier.

Textiles: Ma ka paʻi lole, ka nui, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kaʻina hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā waiwai lole a me ka hana.

Nā Manaʻo Kaiapuni a me ka Maluhia:

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hana CMC i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika a me nā kaʻina hana ikaika, hiki ke loaʻa i nā hopena kūlohelohe e like me ka hana ʻana i ka wai ʻino a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu. ʻO ka hoʻoikaika ʻana e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mālama pono ʻana i nā kemika he mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai i ka hana CMC. ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpala, ka ikaika o ka ikehu, a me ke olakino a me ka palekana ʻoihana hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i kēia mau pilikia.

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka carboxymethylcellulose e pili ana i kekahi mau ʻanuʻu e hoʻomaka ana mai ka lawe ʻana i ka cellulose a hiki i ka mālama alkali, etherification, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ka maloʻo. He mea koʻikoʻi nā ana hoʻomalu maikaʻi e hōʻoia i ka paʻa a me ka maʻemaʻe o ka huahana hope, e ʻike ai i nā noi ākea ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole. ʻO ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka palekana he mau mea koʻikoʻi o ka hana ʻana o CMC, e hōʻike ana i ka pono o nā hana hana hoʻomau a me ke kuleana.