Cellulose etherAn yi shi da cellulose ta hanyar etherification dauki da bushewa foda na daya ko da yawa etherifying jamiái. Dangane da tsarin sinadarai daban-daban na maye gurbin ether, ana iya raba ether cellulose zuwa anionic, cationic da ether maras ionic. Ionic cellulose ether yafi carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); Non-ionic cellulose ether yafi methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMCda kuma hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HC). An rarraba ether ɗin da ba na ionic zuwa ether mai narkewa da ruwa da ether mai narkewar mai, ether ɗin da ba na ionic ruwa mai narkewa ana amfani dashi galibi a samfuran turmi. A gaban ions alli, ionic cellulose ether ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, don haka da wuya a yi amfani da shi a busassun samfuran turmi da aka haɗe tare da siminti, lemun tsami da sauran kayan siminti. Non-ionic ruwa mai narkewa cellulose ether ana amfani da ko'ina a cikin ginin kayan masana'antu saboda ta dakatar da kwanciyar hankali da kuma ruwa riƙewa.
Chemical Properties na cellulose ether
Kowannecellulose etheryana da tsarin asali na cellulose - tsarin glucose wanda ya bushe. A cikin aiwatar da samar da ether cellulose, fiber cellulose yana mai zafi a cikin bayani na alkaline da farko, sa'an nan kuma bi da shi tare da wakili na etherifying. Samfurin amsa fibrous yana tsarkakewa kuma yana ƙasa don samar da foda iri ɗaya tare da ɗanɗano.
A cikin tsarin samar da MC, kawai methane chloride ne ake amfani dashi azaman etherifying wakili. Samar da HPMC ban da amfani da methane chloride, amma kuma amfani da propylene oxide don samun rukunin maye gurbin hydroxypropyl. Daban-daban cellulose ethers suna da daban-daban methyl da hydroxypropyl maye rates, wanda rinjayar da solubility na cellulose ethers da kaddarorin zafi gel zafin jiki.
Yanayin aikace-aikace na ether cellulose
Cellulose ether ne wanda ba-ionic semi-synthetic polymer, ruwa mai narkewa da sauran ƙarfi biyu, a daban-daban masana'antu lalacewa ta hanyar rawa ne daban-daban, kamar a cikin sinadaran gini kayan, yana da wadannan hadadden sakamako:
① wakili mai riƙe ruwa ② wakili mai kauri ③ matakin daidaitawa
A cikin masana'antar PVC, yana da emulsifier, mai rarrabawa; A cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, nau'in nau'in ɗaure ne da jinkirin sakin kayan kwarangwal, saboda cellulose yana da tasirin haɗaɗɗun nau'ikan, don haka shine filin da aka fi amfani dashi. Mai zuwa yana mai da hankali kan amfani da ether cellulose a cikin kayan gini iri-iri da rawar.
(1) Rufe bango:
A halin yanzu, kasar Sin tana cikin mafi yawan juriya na ruwa na birnin, juriya ga swab na kare muhalli putty da mutane suka dauka da muhimmanci, a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, saboda abin da aka yi da mannen gini yana haskaka iskar iskar formaldehyde ga lafiyar jama'a, gini. an yi manne da polyvinyl barasa da formaldehyde acetal dauki. Don haka wannan abu a hankali yana kawar da mutane, kuma maye gurbin wannan kayan shine jerin samfurori na cellulose ether, wato, haɓaka kayan gini na kare muhalli, cellulose shine kawai nau'in abu a halin yanzu.
A cikin ruwa resistant putty ya kasu kashi busassun foda putty da putty manna iri biyu, iri biyu na putty kullum zabi modified methyl cellulose da hydroxypropyl methyl iri biyu, danko ƙayyadaddun ne kullum a 3000-60000cps tsakanin mafi dace, a cikin babban rawar da. cellulose a cikin putty shine riƙewar ruwa, haɗin gwiwa, lubrication da sauran tasiri. Saboda tsarin sa na kowane masana'anta ba iri ɗaya bane, wasu sune calcium mai launin toka, calcium mai haske, farin siminti, wasu sune gypsum foda, calcium mai launin toka, calcium mai haske, da dai sauransu, don haka ƙayyadaddun danko da shigar da adadin cellulose na hanyoyin biyu. ba iri ɗaya ba ne, yawan adadin ƙara shine 2‰-3‰ ko makamancin haka. A busa bango a gundura da yaro yi, bango tushe yana da wasu absorbent (bulo bango na bibulous kudi ya 13%, da kankare ne 3-5%), guda biyu tare da evaporation na waje duniya, don haka idan a gundura da yaro. asarar ruwa da sauri, zai haifar da tsagewa ko abin da ya faru kamar pollen, ta yadda ƙarfin putty ya raunana, saboda haka, bayan shiga cellulose ether zai magance wannan matsala. Amma ingancin kayan cikawa, musamman ingancin calcium mai launin toka shima yana da mahimmanci.
Saboda yawan dankowar cellulose, hakanan yana kara habaka buoyancy na putty, kuma yana gujewa al'amuran kwararar da ke rataye a cikin ginin, kuma yana da dadi da kuma ceton aiki bayan gogewa. A cikin foda foda, cellulose ether ya kamata a kara da shi daidai, samar da shi da kuma amfani da shi ya fi dacewa, kayan cikawa da kuma karin busassun foda za a iya haɗuwa da juna, ginin kuma ya fi dacewa, rarraba ruwa na wurin, tare da nawa tare da nawa.
(2) Turmi Kankare:
A kankare turmi, da gaske cimma matuƙar ƙarfi, dole ne a yi siminti hydration dauki gaba daya, musamman a lokacin rani, a cikin gina kankare turmi ruwa asarar da sauri, gaba daya hydrated matakan a kan curing ruwa, wannan hanya shi ne sharar gida na ruwa albarkatun kuma. m aiki, da key ne kawai a kan surface, ruwa da hydration ne har yanzu ba gaba daya, don haka hanyoyin da za a warware wannan matsala, Add ruwa retaining wakili cellulose a turmi kankare kullum zabi hydroxypropyl methyl ko methyl cellulose, danko bayani dalla-dalla tsakanin 20000- 60000cps, ƙara 2% - 3%. Game da, ruwa riƙe kudi za a iya ƙara zuwa fiye da 85%, a turmi kankare hanya amfani ga bushe foda ko'ina gauraye bayan ruwa iya zama.
(3) Gypsum plaster, bonding plaster, caulking plaster:
Tare da saurin bunƙasa masana'antar gine-gine, buƙatun mutane na sabbin kayan gini kuma yana ƙaruwa, saboda karuwar wayar da kan jama'a game da kiyaye muhalli da ci gaba da haɓaka aikin ginin, samfuran gypsum ɗin siminti na ci gaba cikin sauri. A halin yanzu kayan gesso na gama-gari yana da stucco gesso, caking gesso, saita gesso, tile caking agent don jira. Plastering plaster wani nau'i ne na bango mai kyau na ciki da kayan aikin rufin rufin, tare da shi yana goge bangon yana da laushi kuma mai santsi, kar a sauke foda da haɗin tushe da ƙarfi, babu fashewar sabon abu, kuma yana da aikin rigakafin wuta; Adhesive gypsum wani sabon nau'i ne na ginin katako mai haske, gypsum a matsayin kayan tushe, yana ƙara nau'o'in additives kuma an yi shi da kayan abu mai ɗorewa, ya dace da kowane nau'in kayan bangon ginin inorganic tsakanin haɗin gwiwa, tare da maras guba, mara dadi. , saitin sauri, haɗin gwiwa shine ginin ginin, toshe kayan tallafi na gini; Gypsum dinki mai cike da kayan kwalliya shine farantin gypsum tsakanin kayan cika gibin da bango, cikewar tsaga.
Wadannan samfuran gypsum suna da kewayon ayyuka daban-daban, ban da gypsum da filaye masu alaƙa da su don taka rawa, babban batun shine ƙarin ƙari na ether cellulose yana taka rawar gani. Domin gesso ya rabu yana da ba tare da gesso na ruwa ba da kashi ɗaya na rabin gesso, gesso daban-daban ya bambanta da tasirin aikin samfurin, yana ƙaruwa sosai, yana kare ruwa, sannu a hankali daidaita ingancin da ke ƙayyade kayan gini na gesso. Matsalolin gama gari na waɗannan kayan shine fashewar drum, ƙarfin farko bai kai ba, don magance wannan matsalar, shine zaɓi nau'in matsalar hanyar amfani da cellulose da retarder fili, a wannan yanayin, zaɓi na gaba ɗaya na methyl ko hydroxypropyl methyl. 30000-60000cps, ƙara adadin shine 1.5% - 2%. Tsakanin, mayar da hankali na cellulose shine riƙewar ruwa da jinkirin sa mai. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan dogara ga cellulose ether kamar yadda retarder bai kai ba, dole ne kuma ƙara citric acid retarder bayan amfani da gauraye ba zai shafi ƙarfin farko ba.
Yawan riƙe ruwa gabaɗaya yana nufin adadin asarar ruwa na halitta idan babu shayar da ruwa na waje. Idan bango ya bushe, tushen tushe yana sha ruwa kuma ƙawancen yanayi yana sa kayan suyi asarar ruwa da sauri, sannan kuma za a sami ganga mara amfani da sabon abu. Wannan hanyar yin amfani da ita ita ce haɗuwa da busassun foda, idan shirye-shiryen bayani zai iya komawa zuwa hanyar shiri na bayani.
(4) Turmi mai rufi
Turmi mai hana ruwa wani sabon nau'in kayan katanga na ciki ne a arewacin China. Abun bango ne da aka haɗa ta kayan daɗaɗɗen thermal, turmi da ɗaure. A cikin wannan abu, cellulose yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɗawa da haɓaka ƙarfi. Gabaɗaya, an zaɓi methyl cellulose tare da babban danko (kimanin 10,000 CPS), kuma adadin shine gabaɗaya tsakanin 2‰ da 3‰. Ana amfani da hanyar hadawa busassun foda.
(5) wakilin sadarwa
Wakilin dubawa shine HPMC20000cps, mai ɗaure tayal shine 60000cps ko sama da haka, kuma ana amfani da wakili mai mahimmanci azaman thickener, wanda zai iya haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin kibiya. A cikin tile bonding wakili mai riƙe ruwa don hana tayal daga asarar ruwa da sauri faɗuwa.
Halin sarkar masana'antu
(1) Masana'antu na sama
Babban albarkatun da ake samarwa na ether cellulose sun haɗa da auduga mai ladabi (ko ɓangaren litattafan almara) da wasu abubuwan da ake amfani da su na yau da kullun, irin su propylene oxide, chloromethane, alkali ruwa, alkalin alkali, ethylene oxide, toluene da sauran kayan taimako. Kamfanonin da ke kan gaba na wannan masana'anta sun hada da auduga mai tacewa, masana'antar sarrafa itacen itace da wasu masana'antun sinadarai. Canje-canjen farashin manyan kayan da aka ambata a sama zai sami tasiri daban-daban akan farashin samarwa da farashin siyar da ether cellulose.
Farashin auduga mai ladabi yana da girma. Ɗaukar kayan gini daraja cellulose ether a matsayin misali, a lokacin rahoton, rabo daga mai ladabi auduga farashin a ginin kayan sa cellulose ether tallace-tallace da aka 31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% da 26.90%, bi da bi. Canjin farashin auduga mai ladabi zai shafi farashin samar da ether cellulose. Babban kayan da ake samarwa na auduga mai ladabi shine kayan auduga. Auduga na auduga ɗaya ne daga cikin samfuran da ake samarwa a cikin auduga, galibi ana amfani da su don samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara, auduga mai ladabi, nitrocellulost da sauran kayayyaki. Ƙimar amfani da amfani da auduga ya sha bamban da na auduga, kuma a fili farashinsa ya yi ƙasa da na auduga, amma yana da ƙayyadaddun alaƙa da hauhawar farashin auduga. Canjin farashin kayan auduga zai shafi farashin auduga mai ladabi.
Rikicin tashin hankali na farashin auduga mai ladabi zai shafi farashin samarwa, farashin kayayyaki da ribar kamfanoni a wannan masana'antar zuwa digiri daban-daban. A cikin yanayin babban farashin auduga mai ladabi da farashin ɓangaren litattafan almara na itace yana da arha, don rage farashin, ana iya amfani da ɓangaren litattafan almara azaman madadin auduga mai ladabi da kari, galibi ana amfani da shi don samar da darajar abinci ta cellulose ether da sauran ƙananan danko. cellulose ether. A shekarar 2013, kasar Sin ta shuka auduga hekta miliyan 4.35 tare da samar da tan miliyan 6.31 na auduga, kamar yadda shafin yanar gizon hukumar kididdiga ta kasar ya bayyana. Bisa kididdigar da kungiyar masana'antu ta kasar Sin Cellulose ta fitar, a shekarar 2014, jimillar auduga da aka tace daga manyan kamfanonin samar da auduga na cikin gida ya kai tan 332,000, tare da wadataccen albarkatun kasa.
Babban albarkatun kasa don samar da kayan aikin sinadarai na graphite sune karfe da carbon graphite. Farashin karfe da graphite carbon lissafin mafi girma rabo na samar da kudin na graphite sinadaran kayan aiki. Canjin farashin waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa zai sami wani tasiri akan farashin samarwa da farashin siyar da kayan aikin sinadarai na graphite.
(2) cellulose ether yanayin masana'antu na ƙasa
Cellulose ether a matsayin "masana'antu MONO sodium glutamate", cellulose ether ƙara da rabo ne low, da fadi da kewayon aikace-aikace, ƙasa da masana'antu warwatse a kowane fanni na rayuwa a cikin kasa tattalin arzikin.
A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, masana'antar gine-ginen da ke ƙasa da masana'antar gidaje za su sami wani tasiri kan haɓakar buƙatun kayan gini darajar cellulose ether. Lokacin da masana'antar gine-ginen cikin gida da haɓakar masana'antar gidaje suka yi sauri, kasuwar cikin gida don kayan gini darajar ƙimar buƙatun cellulose ether yana da sauri. Lokacin da ci gaban masana'antar gine-gine na cikin gida da masana'antar gidaje suka ragu, haɓakar haɓakar buƙatun kayan gini darajar cellulose ether a cikin kasuwannin cikin gida zai ragu, wanda zai sa gasa a cikin masana'antar ta yi ƙarfi, da haɓaka rayuwa. na mafi kyawun tsari na kamfanoni a cikin masana'antu.
Tun daga shekara ta 2012, a ƙarƙashin yanayin raguwar haɓakar masana'antar gine-ginen cikin gida da masana'antar gidaje, buƙatun kayan gini matakin cellulose ether a cikin kasuwannin cikin gida bai canza sosai ba. Manyan dalilan su ne kamar haka: 1. Gaba dayan ma’auni na masana’antar gine-ginen cikin gida da masana’antar gidaje suna da yawa, kuma jimillar buqatar kasuwa ta yi yawa; Babban kasuwar mabukaci na kayan gini suna da darajar cellulose ether daga yankunan tattalin arziki masu tasowa da biranen matakin farko da na biyu, sannu a hankali fadada zuwa tsakiyar yamma da biranen bene na uku, yuwuwar haɓakar buƙatun cikin gida da faɗaɗa sararin samaniya; Biyu, yawan adadin ether cellulose da aka kara wa farashin kayan gini yana da ƙananan ƙima, adadin abokin ciniki guda ɗaya yana da ƙananan, abokan ciniki sun warwatse, mai sauƙin samar da buƙatu mai wuyar gaske, jimlar buƙatun kasuwa na ƙasa yana da kwanciyar hankali; Uku, canjin farashin kasuwa na kayan gini yana shafar canjin tsarin buƙatun cellulose ether, mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da matakin ether cellulose tun 2012, raguwar farashin kayan gini ya fi girma, samfuran ƙima a cikin faɗuwar farashin ya fi girma, jawo hankalin ƙarin abokan ciniki siyan zaɓi, ya karu da bukatar high-karshen kayayyakin a cikin, da kuma matsi na talakawa irin kayayyakin kasuwa bukatar da farashin sarari.
Haɓaka masana'antar harhada magunguna da haɓakar masana'antar harhada magunguna za su shafi canjin buƙatu na sabulun magani na ether. Haɓaka matsayin rayuwar mutane da masana'antar abinci da aka haɓaka suna haɓaka buƙatun kasuwa na ether mai darajar abinci.
Hanyoyin ci gaba na cellulose ether
Saboda kasancewar buƙatun kasuwar cellulose ether don bambance-bambancen tsari, ƙirƙirar ƙarfin masana'antu daban-daban don zama tare. Dangane da fayyace halaye na bambance-bambancen tsari na buƙatun kasuwa, masana'antun ether na gida sun haɗa tare da ƙarfin nasu don ɗaukar dabarun gasa daban-daban, da kuma fahimtar yanayin ci gaba da alkiblar kasuwa.
(1) don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na ingancin samfur, har yanzu za su kasance manyan wuraren gasa na kamfanonin ether cellulose
Cellulose ether a cikin masana'antu yawancin masana'antun da ke ƙasa a cikin farashin samar da ƙananan ƙananan ne, amma ingancin samfurin ya fi girma. Ƙungiyoyin abokan ciniki na tsakiya da masu girma a cikin amfani da samfurin ether cellulose a gabanin, don shiga cikin gwajin dabara. Bayan kafa wata barga dabara, yawanci ba sauki maye gurbin sauran brands na kayayyakin, amma kuma gabatar da mafi girma bukatun ga ingancin kwanciyar hankali na cellulose ether. Wannan al'amari ya fi shahara a cikin gida da waje manyan masana'antun kera kayan gini, na'urorin sarrafa magunguna, kayan abinci, PVC da sauran manyan filayen. Don inganta haɓakar samfuran, masana'antun dole ne su tabbatar da cewa samar da nau'ikan ether daban-daban na cellulose na iya kiyaye kwanciyar hankali mai inganci, don samar da kyakkyawan suna a kasuwa.
(2) Don haɓaka matakin fasaha na aikace-aikacen samfur shine jagorancin ci gaba na kamfanonin ether na gida
A cikin yanayin fasahar samar da ether na cellulose yana ƙara girma, babban matakin fasahar aikace-aikacen yana da amfani ga kamfanoni don haɓaka cikakkiyar gasa, samuwar dangantakar abokan ciniki ta tabbata. Shahararrun masana'antun ether na cellulose a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa galibi suna ɗaukar dabarun gasa na "fuskantar manyan abokan ciniki + haɓaka amfani da amfani da ƙasa", haɓaka amfani da ether cellulose da amfani da dabara, da daidaita samfuran samfuran bisa ga rarrabuwa daban-daban. filayen aikace-aikacen don sauƙaƙe amfani da abokan ciniki, da kuma haɓaka buƙatun kasuwa na ƙasa. Gasar da kamfanonin ether na cellulose a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa sun shiga fagen fasahar aikace-aikace daga samfurin.
Takaitawa: Cellulose ether, wanda aka sani da "monosodium glutamate masana'antu", yana da fa'idodin amfani da yawa, ƙaramin sashi na sashi, ingantaccen sakamako na gyare-gyare, abokantaka ga muhalli da sauransu. Ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin kayan gini, magani, abinci, yadi, sinadarai na yau da kullun, amfani da man fetur, hakar ma'adinai, yin takarda, amsawar polymerization da sararin samaniya da sauran fannoni da yawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-07-2022