taƙaitawa
1. Wetting da watsawa wakili
2. Defoamer
3. Thickener
4. Adadin-samar da fim
5. Sauran ƙari
Wetting da watsawa wakili
Cellings na tushen ruwa suna amfani da ruwa a matsayin mai matsakaici ko watsawa, da ruwa mai gina jiki ana daidaita shi da karfin rai lokacin da wutar lantarki ta ruwa.
Bugu da kari, a cikin tsarin zane-zane na ruwa, akwai sau da yawa polymers da kuma surfactants na ionic, wadanda ake adasta a saman alamomin filler, samar da steric hana watsawa. Sabili da haka, zanen-tushen ruwa da emulsions sami sakamako mai tsayayye ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa na ɗaukar nauyin lantarki da steric hana hannu. Rashin kyawunsa shine rashin juriya na lantarki, musamman ga masu amfani da wadataccen farashi.
1.1 Wakili Wakili
Welling jami'an don sutturar kayan kwalliya sun kasu kashi biyu.
Haɗin Wakilin Wuya da Wakilin Wakili na iya cimma sakamako mai mahimmanci. Adadin wakilin wetging yana da kaɗan a cikin dubu. Hasumcinsa yana fa'ida da rage ƙarfin tsayayya da fim.
Ofaya daga cikin cigaban ists na wetting jamiái shine sannu a hankali maye gurbin Polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol etherins, saboda yana kaiwa zuwa ragarancin maza a berayen da kuma shiga cikin endcrine. Alkylyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol 3 ehers ana amfani dashi azaman emulsifIfers a lokacin emulsifion polymerization.
Surfacts Twin Surfacts sune kuma sabon ci gaba. Yana da kwayoyin halitta biyu da aka haɗa ta wani mai sarari. Mafi kyawun fasalin Surfacts na Surfacts shine cewa maida hankali ne na micelle (CMC) ya fi yadda aka yi amfani da Surfactants na "Surfacting" suttak. Irin wannan Twin Twin 4000, shi ne tagwaye na tagulla Squatelane Surfactant, kuma yana da kumfa da defoaming kaddarorin.
1.2 Watsawa
Wuraki ga Metex fenti sun kasu kashi hudu: wulakanci na phosacate, watsawar polyacoler wutsiya da sauran wutsiya.
Mafi yawan amfani da wutsiyar phosphate sune polyphare, kamar sodium commusphate, sodium polanphyphate (Calgon N, samfurin BK Giulini (KTPP) da Tetrapotasphate pyrophosphate (TkPhotasphate pyrophosphate (TkP).
Hanyar aikinsa ita ce ta riƙe karfin hawa ta hanyar haɗin hydrogen da adsorption sunadarai. Amfaninta shine cewa sashi ya ragu, kusan 0.1%, kuma yana da tasiri mai kyau watsawa a kan pigress na Inorganic da kuma masu zane. Amma kuma akwai kasawa: ɗaya, tare da haɓaka ƙimar PH da zazzabi, ana samun polyphosphate cikin sauƙi, yana haifar da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci; Rashin lalacewa a cikin matsakaici zai shafar fenti na marigayi marisal.
1 phosphate watsawa
Phosphate Esphate Wulmers Daraja Dalilin bambance-bambancen ban sha'awa, haɗe da masu amsawa kamar su na zinc oxide. A cikin girman zanen fenti, yana inganta mai sheki da rashin ƙarfi. Ba kamar sauran reting da watsawa da ƙari ba, ƙari na phosphate m wulsan watsawa ba ya shafar KU da Icichate na danko KU da Icifate na shafi.
Polyacid mai ban sha'awa, kamar Tamol 1254 da tamol 850, tamol 850 shine rashin daidaituwa na methacrylic acid.
Pololymer copolymer watsawa, kamar OroNan 731A, wanda yake shi ne ɗan kasuwa na Diisobutylene da Maleic acid. Halayen waɗannan nau'ikan watsawa guda biyu sune cewa suna samar da karfi mai ƙarfi ko anfita a saman alamu da masu ɗaukar ruwa a cikin sarkar lantarki cimma sakamako mai tsauri. Don yin watsawa suna da ban tsoro mai kyau, dole ne a sarrafa ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan nauyin kwayar halitta ya karami, za a sami isasshen steric hana; Idan nauyin kwayar halitta ya yi yawa, masu tsinkaye zai faru. Don watsawa polyacrylate, ana iya samun sakamako mafi kyau idan matakin polymerization shine 12-18.
Sauran nau'ikan watsawa, irin su am-95, suna da sunan sunadarai 2-amino-2-methancy. An gabatar da rukunin amino a saman barbashi na inorganic, da kuma greungiyar hydroxyl ya shimfiɗa zuwa ga ruwa, wanda ke taka rawar gani ta hanyar satarawa. Sakamakon ƙaramin girmansa, steric hana haihuwa. AMP-95 shine yafi maimaitawa PH.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, binciken game da watsawa ya shawo kan matsalar takuma wanda ya haifar da nauyin kwayar cutar kwayar halitta ta babban nauyin kwayar cuta shine ɗayan abubuwan kwayar halittu. Misali, babban kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ta Effis ta Emulsion ta samar sosai ga watsawa kan masana'antu na ruwa, kuma tana da juriya na ruwa mai kyau.
Groungiyoyin Amino suna da kyakkyawar kusanci ga yawancin aladu ta hanyar-tushe ko haɗin hydrogen. Block copolymer watsawa tare da aminoacrylic acid kamar yadda aka kula da anching rukuni da aka kula da shi.
2 watsawa tare da Dimuthomineroethyl methacrylate kamar yadda aka fara
Ana amfani da Tego Dispers 655 Wetting da watsawa ana amfani da shi a cikin Waterborne Autkorne Autkorne Paints din ba kawai ga daidaitattun kayan kwalliya ba har ma don hana foda na alumini.
Saboda damuwa na muhalli, an inganta shi mai jujjuyawa da wayoyin takaici, kamar su ta hanyar yawo Twin-tantanin halitta, waɗanda ke da ƙarancin watsawa da watsawa.
An tuhuma
Akwai nau'ikan masu zane-zane na kayan ruwa da yawa, waɗanda aka raba cikin rukuni uku na rukuni-iri: waɗanda za a iya halartar ƙwararraki.
Ana amfani da hanyoyin ma'adinai na ma'adinai na ma'adinai, galibi a cikin ɗakin kwana da sikelin zango na latex.
Polysiloxane suna da tashin hankali na polysiloxane suna da tashin hankali mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi da karfin rigakafi, kuma idan aka yi amfani da lahani da aka ɗora da su.
An rufe hanyoyin fenti na gargajiya na gargajiya sun zama basu dace da ruwa ba don cimma manufar defoaming, don haka yana da sauki samar da lahani a cikin fim.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an bunkasa matakan matakan-matakin.
Wannan wakili na antifoaming ne polymer wanda aka kirkira ta kai tsaye grafing antifooging abubuwa masu aiki a kan mai ɗaukar kaya. Sarkar kwayar cutar ta polymer yana da rukunin Hydroxyl, an rarraba duk wani abu mai aiki a kusa da kwayoyin, abu mai aiki ba shi da sauƙi a tara shi, kuma dacewa da tsarin shafi yana da kyau. Irin wannan matakan-kwayar cuta ta kwayar halitta - Foamstar A10, Silicon-dauke da jerin, da mara silicon, mara siliki na maraice - spamstar MF jerin.
Wannan tsarin kwayar halitta-sikelin yana amfani da tauraron polymer a matsayin Supermer wanda ba shi da wata mai amfani kuma ya sami kyakkyawan sakamako a aikace-aikacen zane mai ruwa. Air samfuran kwayar halitta-sa mai ladabi ya ruwaito ta hanyar Stout et al. Wani wakilin sarrafa na Acetylelene glycol ne mai sarrafa glycol da kuma defoamer tare da kayan wanki, kamar Surfynol MD 20 kuma Surfynol DF 37.
Bugu da kari, domin haduwa da bukatun samar da samar da sifili-voc silings, akwai kuma upo netoamers voc-kyauta, kamar Agitan 315, agitana E 255, da dai sauransu.
kaho
Akwai nau'ikan thickeners da yawa, a halin yanzu ana amfani da su ether da abubuwan da suka haifar da thickeens, Hase) da kuma polyurethane da kuka da kyau (Heur).
3.1. PRELYHALUS ESHER DA KYAUTATA
Slellulosehyl Slellulose (hec)An fara samar da masana'antu ta kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfanoni a cikin 1932, kuma yana da tarihi sama da shekaru 70.
A halin yanzu, da masu satar suna na sel da kayan kwalliya galibi sun hada da sel mai salo (Hyl Hydroxypyl (etec), ethyl sellulosehrose (MHPC), ethyl sellulose (MHPC), Ellululoselluloxropopolulose (MHPC), Elllulosellulosehlulopool (MHPC), Ellulyl Sellulose (MHPC), Elllulose ethyl: Da dai sauransu, waɗannan alamu ne da ba ionic ba, kuma suna cikin yawan lokacin ruwa marasa alaƙa. Daga cikin su, HEC shine mafi yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin fenti.
3.2 alkali-swellable thickener
Alkali-Swelllable sun kasu kashi biyu: Aljani mai ban sha'awa alkyali-swellable thckeeners (Hase), wato sweckeic thrienic. Ase mai hade shine polyackrylate alkali kumburi emulsion.
3.3. Polyurethane thickener da hydrophobballically canza gyaran da ba palyurethane ba
Polyurehane Thickerner, ana kiranta Heur, wani yanki ne mai son hyurthane na polyurer ruwa mai narkewa, wanda ke cikin mai godiya wanda ya nuna tabbaci.
Heur yana hade da sassa uku: Kungiyar Hydrophobic, Sarkar Hydrophilic da rukunin Polyurthane.
Kungiyar Hydrophobic tana taka rawa ta hanyar ci gaba kuma ita ce tabbataccen factor don thickening, yawanci oleyl, ocdencphenal, da sauransu.
Koyaya, matakin canjin kungiyoyin hydrophobic a duka biyun da ya ƙare wasu magudanar da ke faruwa yana ƙasa da 0.9, kuma mafi kyawun shine kawai 1.7. Ya kamata a kula da abin da aka yi a hankali don samun faɗakarwa na polyurethane tare da kunkuntar nauyin ƙwayoyin nauyi da kuma tsayayyen aiki. Yawancin magunguna sun hade ta hanyar polymerization, don haka yana da herurs na samuwa iri daban-daban na manyan nauyin kwayoyin halitta.
Baya ga layin da ke tattare da na cikin fili da aka bayyana a sama, akwai kuma tsagewa-kamar hadari na polyurethane. Abin da ake kira Extungiyar da ake kira Tarihin Polyurethane Polyurener yana nufin cewa akwai wani rukuni na hydrophobic na hydrophobic a tsakiyar matatun kowane kwarayoyin. Irin waɗannan thickkeers a matsayin SCT-200 da SCT-275 da sauransu.
Lokacin da ƙara adadin kungiyoyin Hydrophobic, akwai wasu rukunoni 2 masu tsayayyen hydrophobicically ba su da bambanci da Heur, irin su Dogiglo H 500, duba Hoto 3.
Idan an ƙara sauran ƙungiyoyin Hydrophobic, kamar har zuwa 8%, ana iya daidaita yanayin don samar da rigakafin Aminiya tare da ƙungiyoyi masu shinge masu yawa. Tabbas, wannan ma hade kenan.
Wannan tsararren Hydrophobic na Hydrophobic na iya hana dankan fenti daga faduwa saboda ƙari na surfactants da glycol da aka ƙara lokacin da aka ƙara launi. Dalilin shi ne cewa ƙungiyoyin masu ƙarfi hydrophobic zasu iya hana nunin faifai, da kuma ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic da yawa suna da ƙungiyar ƙarfafa.
Lokaci: Dec-26-2022