Haɗawa da kaddarorin na ether superplasticizer mai narkewar ruwa

Bugu da ƙari, an shirya cellulose auduga zuwa matakin Ling-off digiri na polymerization kuma an amsa shi da sodium hydroxide, 1,4 monobutylsulfonolate (1,4, butanesultone). sulfobutylated cellulose ether (SBC) tare da mai kyau ruwa mai narkewa an samu. An yi nazarin tasirin zafin jiki, lokacin amsawa da rabon albarkatun ƙasa akan butyl sulfonate cellulose ether. An sami mafi kyawun yanayin amsawa, kuma tsarin samfurin ya kasance da FTIR. Ta hanyar nazarin tasirin SBC akan kaddarorin simintin siminti da turmi, an gano cewa samfurin yana da irin wannan tasirin rage tasirin naphthalene na rage ruwa, kuma riƙewar ruwa ya fi naphthalene jerin.wakili mai rage ruwa. SBC tare da danko daban-daban da abun ciki na sulfur yana da nau'i daban-daban na sake dawo da dukiya don man siminti. Don haka, ana sa ran SBC ta zama wakili na rage ruwa mai ja da baya, mai hana ruwa mai inganci, ko da ma'aunin rage ruwa mai inganci. An ƙayyade kaddarorinsa ne ta hanyar tsarinsa na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Mabuɗin kalmomi:cellulose; Matsayin ma'auni na polymerization; Butyl sulfonate cellulose ether; Wakilin rage ruwa

Haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen siminti mai ƙarfi yana da alaƙa da bincike da haɓaka ma'aunin rage ruwa na kankare. Shi ne saboda bayyanar da wakili mai rage ruwa wanda simintin zai iya tabbatar da aiki mai girma, mai kyau mai kyau har ma da karfi. A halin yanzu, akwai galibin nau'ikan nau'ikan rage tasirin ruwa mai inganci da ake amfani da su sosai: naphthalene jerin rage rage ruwa (SNF), sulfonated amine resin series water reduce agent (SMF), amino sulfonate series water reduce agent (ASP), modified lignosulfonate jerin wakili na rage ruwa (ML), da polycarboxylic acid jerin rage rage ruwa (PC), wanda ya fi aiki a cikin bincike na yanzu. Polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer yana da fa'idodin ƙananan asarar lokaci, ƙarancin ƙima da yawan ruwa na kankare. Koyaya, saboda tsadar farashi, yana da wahala a shahara a China. Sabili da haka, naphthalene superplasticizer har yanzu shine babban aikace-aikacen a China. Yawancin wakilai masu rage ruwa suna amfani da formaldehyde da sauran abubuwa masu lalacewa tare da ƙananan nauyin kwayoyin halitta, wanda zai iya cutar da yanayi a cikin kira da amfani da tsarin.

Samar da siminti a gida da waje yana fuskantar karancin albarkatun sinadarai, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da sauran matsaloli. Yadda za a yi amfani da arha kuma yalwar albarkatu masu sabuntawa na halitta azaman albarkatun ƙasa don haɓaka sabbin kayan aikin kankare mai girma zai zama muhimmin batu na bincike na ƙarami. Sitaci da cellulose sune manyan wakilan irin wannan albarkatun. Saboda faffadan tushen albarkatun su, ana iya sabuntawa, mai sauƙin amsawa tare da wasu reagents, ana amfani da abubuwan da suka samo asali a fannoni daban-daban. A halin yanzu, binciken sitaci sulfonated a matsayin wakili na rage ruwa ya sami ɗan ci gaba. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, binciken da aka yi kan abubuwan da suka samo asali na cellulose mai narkewa a matsayin masu rage ruwa ya kuma ja hankalin mutane. Liu Weizhe et al. amfani da auduga ulu fiber matsayin albarkatun kasa don hada cellulose sulfate tare da daban-daban dangi nauyi kwayoyin da mataki na maye. Lokacin da matakin maye gurbinsa ya kasance a cikin wani takamaiman kewayon, zai iya inganta yawan ruwan siminti da ƙarfin ƙarfafa jikin siminti. The patent ya ce wasu polysaccharide Kalam ta hanyar sinadaran dauki gabatar da karfi hydrophilic kungiyoyin, za a iya samu a kan ciminti tare da mai kyau watsawa na ruwa mai narkewa polysaccharide abubuwan, kamar sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl sulfonate cellulose da sauransu. Duk da haka, Knaus et al. gano cewa CMHEC alama bai dace da amfani a matsayin kankare rage ruwa wakili. Sai kawai lokacin da aka shigar da ƙungiyar sulfonic acid a cikin kwayoyin CMC da CMHEC, kuma nauyin kwayoyinsa na dangi shine 1.0 × 105 ~ 1.5 × 105 g / mol, yana iya samun aikin rage yawan ruwa. Akwai ra'ayoyi mabambanta kan ko wasu abubuwan da ake samu na cellulose masu narkewar ruwa sun dace don amfani da su azaman abubuwan rage ruwa, kuma akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan cellulose masu narkewa da yawa, don haka ya zama dole a gudanar da bincike mai zurfi da tsayayyen tsari kan hadawar aikace-aikace na sababbin abubuwan da suka samo asali na cellulose.

A cikin wannan takarda, an yi amfani da cellulose auduga a matsayin farkon abu don shirya daidaitaccen digiri na polymerization cellulose, sa'an nan kuma ta hanyar sodium hydroxide alkalization, zaɓi yanayin da ya dace da zafin jiki, lokacin amsawa da kuma 1,4 monobutyl sulfanolactone dauki, gabatarwar ƙungiyar sulfonic acid akan cellulose. kwayoyin halitta, da samuwar ruwa mai narkewa butyl sulfonic acid cellulose ether (SBC) tsarin bincike da gwajin aikace-aikace. An tattauna yuwuwar amfani da shi azaman wakili na rage ruwa.

1. Gwaji

1.1 Raw kayan aiki da kayan aiki

Auduga mai sha; sodium hydroxide (analytical tsarki); Hydrochloric acid (36% ~ 37% bayani mai ruwa, mai tsafta mai tsafta); isopropyl barasa (analytically tsarki); 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone (matakin masana'antu, wanda Siping Fine Chemical Plant ya bayar); 32.5R talakawa Portland ciminti (Ma'aikatar Siminti Dalian Onoda); Naphthalene jerin superplasticizer (SNF, Dalian Sicca).

Spectrum One-B Fourier Canjin infrared spectrometer, wanda Perkin Elmer ya samar.

IRIS Advantage Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (IcP-AEs), wanda Thermo Jarrell Ash Co.

ZETAPLUS m analyzer (Brookhaven Instruments, Amurka) an yi amfani da shi don auna yuwuwar slurry siminti gauraye da SBC.

1.2 Hanyar shiri na SBC

Da fari dai, an shirya madaidaicin digiri na polymerization cellulose bisa ga hanyoyin da aka bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafe. An auna wani adadin cellulose na auduga kuma an saka shi a cikin tudu uku. A karkashin kariyar nitrogen, an ƙara dilute hydrochloric acid tare da maida hankali na 6%, kuma cakuda yana motsawa sosai. Sa'an nan kuma an dakatar da shi da isopropyl barasa a cikin flask na baki uku, alkalized na wani lokaci tare da 30% sodium hydroxide aqueous bayani, auna wani adadin 1,4 monobutyl sulfinolactone, kuma a jefa a cikin flask na baki uku, yana motsawa a lokaci guda, da kuma kiyaye zafin jiki na akai-akai zazzabi ruwan wanka barga. Bayan amsawa na wani lokaci, an sanyaya samfurin zuwa zafin jiki, an zubar da shi tare da barasa na isopropyl, famfo da tacewa, kuma an samo samfurin danyen. Bayan kurkura da methanol aqueous bayani na sau da yawa, famfo da tace, samfurin a karshe ya bushe bushe a 60 ℃ don amfani.

1.3 SBC ma'aunin aikin

An narkar da samfurin SBC a cikin 0.1 mol/L NaNO3 bayani mai ruwa, kuma an auna dankon kowane wurin dilution na samfurin ta Ustner viscometer don ƙididdige ɗanɗanon halayensa. Abun sulfur na samfurin an ƙaddara ta kayan aikin ICP - AES. An fitar da samfuran SBC ta hanyar acetone, busasshen injin, sa'an nan kuma kimanin 5 MG samfurori an ƙasa kuma an matse su tare da KBr don shirya samfurin. An gudanar da gwajin bakan infrared akan SBC da samfuran cellulose. An shirya dakatar da siminti tare da rabon siminti na ruwa na 400 da abubuwan rage rage ruwa na kashi 1% na yawan siminti. An gwada yuwuwar sa a cikin mintuna 3.

Ana auna yawan ruwa na siminti da siminti turmi ruwa bisa ga GB/T 8077-2000 “Hanyar gwaji don daidaituwar haɗin kankare”, mw/me= 0.35. Ana aiwatar da gwajin lokacin saiti na simintin siminti daidai da GB / T 1346-2001 "Hanyar Gwaji don Amfani da Ruwa, Saitin Lokaci da Kwanciyar Tsarin Ciminti". Siminti turmi matsa lamba ƙarfi bisa GB/T 17671-1999 "Siminti turmi ƙarfin gwajin Hanyar (IS0 Hanyar)" Hanyar ƙaddara.

2. Sakamako da tattaunawa

2.1 Binciken IR na SBC

Siffar infrared na raw cellulose da samfurin SBC. Saboda kololuwar shaye-shaye na S — C da S — H yana da rauni sosai, bai dace da ganewa ba, yayin da s=o yana da kololuwar sha. Sabili da haka, kasancewar ƙungiyar sulfonic acid a cikin tsarin kwayoyin halitta za'a iya ƙaddara ta hanyar ƙayyade kasancewar S = O peak. Dangane da nau'in infrared na cellulose da samfur na SBC, a cikin sigar cellulose, akwai ƙaƙƙarfan kololuwa kusa da lambar igiyar ruwa 3350 cm-1, wanda aka lasafta shi azaman kololuwar girgiza hydroxyl a cikin cellulose. Ƙarfin shayarwa kusa da lambar igiyar ruwa 2 900 cm-1 shine methylene (CH2 1) mai miƙewa kololuwar girgiza. Jerin makada da suka ƙunshi 1060, 1170, 1120 da 1010 cm-1 suna nuna kololuwar jujjuyawa sha na ƙungiyar hydroxyl da lankwasawa kololuwar shayarwar ether bond (C — o — C). Lambar igiyar ruwa a kusa da 1650 cm-1 tana nuna kololuwar shayarwar hydrogen da ƙungiyar hydroxyl ta kafa da ruwa kyauta. Ƙungiyar 1440 ~ 1340 cm-1 tana nuna tsarin crystalline na cellulose. A cikin yanayin IR na SBC, ƙarfin band 1440 ~ 1340 cm-1 ya raunana. Ƙarfin ƙyalli mai tsayi kusa da 1650 cm-1 ya karu, yana nuna cewa an ƙarfafa ikon samar da haɗin gwiwar hydrogen. Kololuwar haɓaka mai ƙarfi sun bayyana a 1180,628 cm-1, waɗanda ba a nuna su a cikin infrared spectroscopy na cellulose ba. Tsohuwar ita ce halayyar kololuwar shanyewar s=o bond, yayin da na karshen ita ce sifa ta s=o bond. Bisa ga binciken da ke sama, ƙungiyar sulfonic acid ta wanzu akan jerin kwayoyin halitta na cellulose bayan amsawar etherification.

2.2 Tasirin yanayin amsawa akan aikin SBC

Ana iya gani daga alaƙar da ke tsakanin yanayin amsawa da kaddarorin SBC cewa zafin jiki, lokacin amsawa da rabon kayan aiki yana shafar kaddarorin samfuran da aka haɗa. Solubility na samfuran SBC an ƙaddara ta tsawon lokacin da ake buƙata don samfurin 1g don narkar da shi gaba ɗaya a cikin 100mL deionized ruwa a zafin jiki; A cikin gwajin raguwar ruwa na turmi, abun cikin SBC shine 1.0% na yawan siminti. Bugu da kari, tun da cellulose yafi hada da anhydroglucose naúrar (AGU), adadin cellulose ana lasafta kamar yadda AGU lokacin da reactant rabo da aka lissafta. Idan aka kwatanta da SBCl ~ SBC5, SBC6 yana da ƙananan danko da babban abun ciki na sulfur, kuma adadin raguwar ruwa na turmi shine 11.2%. Siffar danko na SBC na iya yin nuni da girman kwayoyin halittarsa. Babban danko mai siffa yana nuna cewa adadin kwayoyin halittar danginsa babba ne. Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin, danko na ruwa mai ruwa tare da taro iri ɗaya ba makawa zai ƙaru, kuma motsi na macromolecules kyauta zai kasance mai iyaka, wanda ba ya dace da adsorption a saman sassan siminti, don haka ya shafi wasan ruwa. rage tarwatsa aikin SBC. Sulfur abun ciki na SBC yana da girma, yana nuna cewa digirin maye gurbin butyl sulfonate yana da girma, sarkar kwayoyin SBC tana ɗaukar adadin caji, kuma tasirin siminti yana da ƙarfi, don haka watsawar simintin siminti shima yana da ƙarfi.

A cikin etherification na cellulose, domin inganta etherification digiri da samfurin ingancin, da hanya na mahara alkalisation etherification ne kullum amfani. SBC7 da SBC8 sune samfuran da aka samu ta maimaita etherification na alkalization na sau 1 da 2, bi da bi. Babu shakka, halayen halayen su yana da ƙasa kuma abun ciki na sulfur yana da girma, ƙarancin ruwa na ƙarshe yana da kyau, yawan raguwar ruwa na turmi siminti zai iya kaiwa 14.8% da 16.5%, bi da bi. Don haka, a cikin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa, ana amfani da SBC6, SBC7 da SBC8 azaman abubuwan bincike don tattauna tasirin aikace-aikacen su a cikin man siminti da turmi.

2.3 Tasirin SBC akan kaddarorin siminti

2.3.1 Tasirin SBC akan yawan ruwan siminti

Tasirin lanƙwan ruwa na rage abun cikin wakili akan yawan ruwan siminti. SNF jerin naphthalene superplasticizer ne. Ana iya ganin shi daga tasirin tasirin abun ciki na wakili na rage ruwa akan ruwa na siminti, lokacin da abun ciki na SBC8 bai wuce 1.0% ba, yawan ruwan simintin siminti yana ƙaruwa sannu a hankali tare da haɓaka abun ciki, da tasirin. yayi kama da na SNF. Lokacin da abun ciki ya wuce 1.0%, haɓakar haɓakar ruwa na slurry sannu a hankali yana raguwa, kuma lanƙwasa ta shiga yankin dandamali. Ana iya la'akari da cewa cikakken abun ciki na SBC8 shine kusan 1.0%. SBC6 da SBC7 suma suna da irin wannan yanayin zuwa SBC8, amma jikewar su ya kasance mafi girma fiye da SBC8, kuma ƙimar haɓaka mai tsaftar ruwa mai tsabta bai kai SBC8 ba. Koyaya, cikakken abun ciki na SNF shine kusan 0.7% ~ 0.8%. Lokacin da abun ciki na SNF ya ci gaba da karuwa, yawan ruwa na slurry shima yana ci gaba da karuwa, amma bisa ga zobe na zubar da jini, ana iya ƙarasa da cewa karuwa a wannan lokacin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar rarraba ruwan jini ta hanyar siminti slurry. A ƙarshe, ko da yake cikakken abun ciki na SBC ya fi na SNF, har yanzu babu wani bayyanar jini a fili lokacin da abun ciki na SBC ya wuce cikakken abun ciki da yawa. Sabili da haka, ana iya yanke hukunci da farko cewa SBC yana da tasirin rage ruwa kuma yana da wasu riƙewar ruwa, wanda ya bambanta da SNF. Wannan aikin yana buƙatar ƙarin nazari.

Ana iya gani daga ma'anar da ke tsakanin ruwa na siminti manna tare da 1.0% abun ciki na rage ruwa da kuma lokacin cewa asarar ruwa na siminti da aka haɗe da SBC yana da ƙanƙanta a cikin 120min, musamman SBC6, wanda farkonsa ya kasance kusan 200mm kawai. , kuma asarar ruwa bai wuce 20% ba. Asarar ruwan slurry ya kasance cikin tsari na SNF>SBC8>SBC7>SBC6. Bincike ya nuna cewa naphthalene superplasticizer an fi nutsar da shi a saman simintin siminti ta hanyar ƙin jini. Tare da ci gaban hydration, ragowar kwayoyin rage rage ruwa a cikin slurry suna raguwa, saboda haka an rage yawan kwayoyin cutar da ke rage ruwa a saman sassan siminti. Ƙunƙarar da ke tsakanin barbashi ya yi rauni, kuma barbashi na siminti suna haifar da maƙarƙashiya ta jiki, wanda ke nuna raguwa a cikin ruwa na net slurry. Saboda haka, asarar kwararar slurry siminti gauraye da naphthalene superplasticizer ya fi girma. Koyaya, yawancin abubuwan rage ruwa na naphthalene da ake amfani da su a aikin injiniya an haɗa su da kyau don haɓaka wannan lahani. Don haka, dangane da riƙewar ruwa, SBC ya fi SNF.

2.3.2 Tasirin yuwuwar da saita lokacin manna siminti

Bayan ƙara ruwa rage wakili zuwa siminti mix, da siminti barbashi adsorbed ruwa rage wakili kwayoyin, don haka m lantarki Properties na siminti barbashi za a iya canza daga tabbatacce zuwa korau, da kuma cikakken darajar karuwa a fili. Cikakken ƙimar yuwuwar siminti da aka haɗe da SNF ya fi na SBC. A lokaci guda kuma, lokacin saitin siminti da aka haɗe da SBC an ƙara shi zuwa digiri daban-daban idan aka kwatanta da samfurin da ba komai ba, kuma lokacin saitin ya kasance cikin tsari na SBC6> SBC7> SBC8 daga tsawo zuwa gajere. Ana iya ganin cewa tare da raguwar dankon halayen SBC da haɓaka abun ciki na sulfur, lokacin saitin siminti yana raguwa a hankali. Wannan saboda SBC na cikin abubuwan da aka samo na polypolysaccharide ne, kuma akwai ƙarin ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl akan sarkar kwayoyin halitta, waɗanda ke da nau'o'in sakamako daban-daban na rage tasirin hydration na simintin Portland. Akwai kusan nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i)waki. ragewa, amma kuma za a iya adsorbed a saman siminti barbashi da hydration kayayyakin a saman 02- don samar da hydrogen bonds, da sauran hydroxyl kungiyoyin da ruwa kwayoyin ta hanyar hydrogen bond kungiyar, sabõda haka, surface na ciminti barbashi kafa Layer na barga mai narkewa ruwa fim. Don haka, an hana tsarin hydration na siminti. Koyaya, adadin ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl a cikin sarkar SBC tare da abun ciki na sulfur daban-daban sun bambanta sosai, don haka tasirin su akan tsarin hydration na siminti dole ne ya bambanta.

2.3.3 Yawan raguwar ruwan turmi da gwajin ƙarfi

Kamar yadda aikin turmi zai iya nuna aikin siminti zuwa wani wuri, wannan takarda ta fi yin nazari akan aikin turmi da aka haɗe da SBC. An daidaita yawan ruwa na turmi bisa ga ma'aunin gwaji na raguwar ruwa na turmi, ta yadda girman samfurin turmi ya kai (180 ± 5) mm, kuma an shirya samfurori na 40 mm × 40 mlTl × 160 don gwada matsawa. ƙarfin kowane zamani. Idan aka kwatanta da samfurori maras kyau ba tare da wakili mai rage ruwa ba, an inganta ƙarfin samfurin turmi tare da wakili mai rage ruwa a kowane zamani a cikin digiri daban-daban. Ƙarfin matsi na samfurori da aka yi da 1.0% SNF ya karu da 46%, 35% da 20% bi da bi a 3, 7 da 28 days. Tasirin SBC6, SBC7 da SBC8 akan ƙarfin turmi ba iri ɗaya bane. Ƙarfin turmi da aka haɗe da SBC6 yana ƙaruwa kaɗan a kowane zamani, kuma ƙarfin turmi a 3 d, 7d da 28d yana ƙaruwa da 15%, 3% da 2% bi da bi. Ƙarfin matsawa na turmi da aka haɗe da SBC8 ya karu sosai, kuma ƙarfinsa a 3, 7 da 28 kwanakin ya karu da 61%, 45% da 18%, bi da bi, yana nuna cewa SBC8 yana da karfi mai rage ruwa da ƙarfafa tasiri akan turmi siminti.

2.3.4 Tasirin kaddarorin tsarin kwayoyin SBC

Haɗe tare da binciken da ke sama akan tasirin SBC akan manna siminti da turmi, ba shi da wahala a gano cewa tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta na SBC, kamar ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano (dangane da nauyin kwayoyin halittarsa, babban halayen ɗan adam yana da girma, danginsa). nauyin kwayoyin halitta yana da girma), abun ciki na sulfur (wanda ke da alaka da matakin maye gurbin ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic masu karfi a kan sarkar kwayoyin halitta, babban abun ciki na sulfur shine babban mataki na maye gurbin, Kuma akasin haka) yana ƙayyade aikin aikace-aikacen SBC. Lokacin da abun ciki na SBC8 tare da ƙananan danko na ciki da babban abun ciki na sulfur ya yi ƙasa, zai iya samun ƙarfin watsawa mai ƙarfi ga barbashi siminti, kuma jikewar abun ciki shima ƙasa ne, kusan 1.0%. Tsawaita lokacin saitin simintin manna yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ƙarfin matsi na turmi tare da ruwa iri ɗaya yana ƙaruwa a fili a kowane zamani. Koyaya, SBC6 tare da babban danko mai zurfi da ƙarancin abun ciki na sulfur yana da ƙaramin ruwa lokacin da abun cikin sa yayi ƙasa. Koyaya, lokacin da abun cikin sa ya ƙaru zuwa kusan 1.5%, ikon watsawar siminti shima yana da yawa. Koyaya, lokacin saitin slurry mai tsafta yana ƙara tsawaitawa, wanda ke nuna halayen jinkirin saiti. Inganta ƙarfin turmi a ƙarƙashin shekaru daban-daban yana iyakance. Gabaɗaya, SBC ya fi SNF kyau a cikin riƙewar ruwan turmi.

3. Kammalawa

1. An shirya Cellulose tare da daidaitattun digiri na polymerization daga cellulose, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone bayan NaOH alkalization, sa'an nan kuma an shirya butyl sulfonolactone mai narkewa ruwa. Mafi kyawun yanayin halayen samfurin sune kamar haka: jere (Na0H); Na (AGU); n (BS) -2.5: 1.0: 1.7, lokacin amsawa shine 4.5h, zazzabi mai zafi shine 75 ℃. Maimaita alkalization da etherification na iya rage halayen danko da haɓaka abun ciki na sulfur na samfurin.

2. SBC tare da halayen halayen halayen da suka dace da abun ciki na sulfur na iya inganta haɓakar slurry na siminti da inganta asarar ruwa. Lokacin da raguwar ruwa na turmi ya kai kashi 16.5%, ƙarfin turmi na samfurin a kowane zamani yana ƙaruwa a fili.

3. Aikace-aikacen SBC a matsayin wakili mai rage ruwa yana nuna wani mataki na jinkirtawa. A karkashin yanayin da ya dace danko, yana yiwuwa a sami high dace ruwa rage wakili ta ƙara sulfur abun ciki da kuma rage retarding digiri. Dangane da ka’idojin da suka dace na kasa da kasa na hada-hadar kankare, ana sa ran SBC ya zama wakili mai rage ruwa mai amfani da kimar aikace-aikacen aiki, mai hana ruwa rage wakili, mai dagewa mai inganci mai rage yawan ruwa, har ma da ingantaccen mai rage ruwa.