Nazari a kan gyara etherification cellulose da aikace-aikace na reactive fenti bugu

Tun zuwan rini mai amsawa a cikin karnin da ya gabata, sodium alginate (SA) ya kasance jigon buga rini mai amsawa akan yadudduka na auduga.

manna. Koyaya, tare da ci gaba da haɓaka buƙatun mutane don tasirin bugu, sodium alginate azaman liƙa bugu baya jurewa ga acid mai ƙarfi da alkali.

Kuma dankowar tsarin yana da kankanta, don haka aikace-aikacensa a cikin madauwari (lebur) allon allo yana iyakance zuwa wani iyaka;

Hakanan farashin sodium alginate yana tashi, don haka mutane sun fara bincike akan madadinsa, ether cellulose yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan.

irin. Amma a halin yanzu babban kayan da ake amfani da shi don shirye-shiryen ether cellulose shine auduga, abin da yake samarwa yana raguwa, kuma farashin yana karuwa.

Bugu da ƙari, abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su kamar chloroacetic acid (mai guba sosai) da ethylene oxide (carcinogenic) suma sun fi cutar da jikin ɗan adam da muhalli.

Dangane da wannan, a cikin wannan takarda, an fitar da ether cellulose daga sharar gida, kuma an yi amfani da sodium chloroacetate da 2-chloroethanol a matsayin magungunan etherifying don shirya carboxylate.

Nau'i uku na zaruruwa: methyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) da hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose (HECMC)

ukucellulose ethersda SA aka shafa a auduga masana'anta reactive rini bugu, kuma su bugu da aka kwatanta da kuma nazarin.

'ya'yan itace. Babban abin da ke cikin binciken da ke cikin littafin ya kasu kashi uku:

(1) Cire cellulose daga sharar shuka. Ta hanyar maganin sharar shuka guda biyar (bambaroshin shinkafa, busassun shinkafa, bambaron alkama, sawdust pine.

da bagasse) don ƙaddara da kuma nazarin abubuwan da aka gyara (danshi, ash, lignin, cellulose da hemicellulose), zaɓi.

Ana amfani da kayan shuka guda uku (Pine sawdust, bambaro alkama da bagasse) don fitar da cellulose, kuma ana fitar da cellulose.

An inganta tsarin; a karkashin ingantattun yanayin tsari, an samu sassan Pine cellulose, cellulose bambaro alkama da bagasse cellulose.

Tsabtace sama da 90%, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa sama da 40%; ana iya gani daga nazarin infrared spectrum da ultraviolet sha bakan cewa ƙazantacce ne.

An cire lignin da hemicellulose, kuma cellulose da aka samu yana da tsabta; ana iya gani daga nazarin diffraction na X-ray cewa yana kama da albarkatun shuka.

A kwatankwacin, an inganta crystallinity dangi na samfurin da aka samu sosai.

(2) Shirye-shirye da kuma halayen ethers cellulose. Yin amfani da cellulose na itacen pine da aka samo daga pine sawdust a matsayin albarkatun kasa, an gudanar da gwaji guda ɗaya.

A mayar da hankali alkali decrystallization pretreatment tsari na Pine cellulose aka gyara; kuma ta hanyar zayyana gwaje-gwajen orthogonal da gwaje-gwajen abubuwa guda ɗaya, da

Hanyoyin shirya CMC, HEC da HECMC daga itacen pine alkali cellulose an inganta su bi da bi;

CMC tare da DS har zuwa 1.237, HEC tare da MS har zuwa 1.657, da HECMC tare da DS na 0.869. Bisa ga binciken FTIR da H-NMR, an gabatar da ƙungiyoyin ether masu dacewa a cikin samfuran etherification na cellulose guda uku;

Siffofin crystal na plain ethers CMC, HEC da HEECMC duk sun canza zuwa nau'in cellulose II, kuma crystallinity ya ragu sosai.

(3) Aikace-aikace na cellulose ether manna. An yi amfani da nau'ikan ethers na cellulose guda uku da aka shirya a ƙarƙashin yanayin tsari mafi kyau don masana'anta auduga

Buga tare da reactive rini kuma idan aka kwatanta da sodium alginate. Binciken ya gano cewa SA, CMC, HEC da HECMC hudu ne ke haddasawa

Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su duk ruwa ne na pseudoplastic, kuma pseudoplasticity na ethers cellulose uku ya fi na SA; da oda na manna samuwar rates na hudu manna

Yana da: SA> CMC> HECMC> HEC. Dangane da tasirin bugu, CMC na bayyana yawan amfanin launi da shigar ciki, hannun bugu

Hankali, saurin launi na bugu, da dai sauransu suna kama da SA, kuma ƙarancin ƙarancin CMC ya fi SA;

SA yana da kama, amma HEC bayyanannen yawan amfanin launi, rashin daidaituwa da saurin gogewa sun kasance ƙasa da SA; HECMC bugu ji, rub juriya

Sautin launi don shafa yana kama da SA, kuma adadin cire manna ya fi SA, amma alamar launi da kwanciyar hankali na HEECMC sun kasance ƙasa da SA.

Mahimman kalmomi: sharar shuka; cellulose; ether cellulose; gyare-gyaren etherification; bugun rini mai amsawa;