Raw kayan don Cellulose Ether

An yi nazarin tsarin samar da babban danko don ether cellulose. An tattauna manyan abubuwan da suka shafi dafa abinci da bleaching a cikin tsarin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai girma. Dangane da bukatun abokin ciniki, ta hanyar gwajin factor guda ɗaya da hanyar gwajin orthogonal, haɗe tare da ainihin ƙarfin kayan aikin kamfanin, sigogin tsarin samarwa na babban danko.auduga mai ladabiɓangaren litattafan almara albarkatun kasadon cellulose ether an ƙaddara. Yin amfani da wannan tsari na samarwa, da fari na high-dankomai ladabiɓangaren litattafan almara na auduga da aka samar don ether cellulose shine≥85%, kuma danko shine≥1800 ml/g.

Mabuɗin kalmomi: babban danko ɓangaren litattafan almara don ether cellulose; tsarin samarwa; dafa abinci; bleaching

Cellulose shine mafi yawan yawa kuma ana iya sabuntawa na halitta polymer fili a cikin yanayi. Yana da maɓuɓɓuka iri-iri, ƙarancin farashi, da abokantaka na muhalli. Za a iya samun jerin abubuwan da suka samo asali na cellulose ta hanyar gyaran sinadaran. Cellulose ether wani fili ne na polymer wanda hydrogen a cikin rukunin hydroxyl akan rukunin glucose cellulose ya maye gurbinsa da ƙungiyar hydrocarbon. Bayan etherification, cellulose ne mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, diluted alkali bayani da Organic sauran ƙarfi, kuma yana da thermoplasticity. Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi girma a duniya wajen samarwa da masu amfani da sinadarin cellulose ether, tare da matsakaicin karuwar karuwar sama da kashi 20 cikin dari a kowace shekara. Akwai nau'ikan ethers na cellulose da yawa tare da kyakkyawan aiki, kuma ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin gine-gine, siminti, man fetur, abinci, yadi, wanka, fenti, magani, yin takarda da kayan lantarki da sauran masana'antu.

Tare da saurin ci gaba na fannin abubuwan da suka samo asali kamar cellulose ether, buƙatar albarkatun ƙasa don samar da ita kuma yana ƙaruwa. Babban kayan da ake amfani da su wajen samar da ether na cellulose sune ginshiƙan auduga, ɓangaren itace, bamboo, da dai sauransu, daga cikinsu, auduga shine samfurin halitta wanda ke da mafi girman abun ciki na cellulose a yanayi, kuma ƙasata babbar ƙasa ce mai samar da auduga, don haka ɓangaren litattafan almara ya kasance. ingantaccen albarkatun kasa don samar da ether cellulose. Exclusively gabatar da kasashen waje na musamman kayan aiki da fasaha don musamman cellulose samar, rungumi dabi'ar low-zazzabi low-alkali dafa abinci, kore ci gaba da bleaching samar da fasaha, cikakken atomatik iko da samar da tsari, tsari kula daidaito ya kai ga ci-gaba matakin na guda masana'antu a gida da kuma kasashen waje. . Dangane da bukatar abokan ciniki a gida da waje, kamfanin ya gudanar da bincike da gwaje-gwaje na ci gaba a kan ɓangaren litattafan almara mai cike da danko don ether cellulose, kuma samfurori sun sami karbuwa daga abokan ciniki.

1. Gwaji

1.1 Kayan danye

High danko ɓangaren litattafan almara don cellulose ether yana buƙatar saduwa da buƙatun babban fari, babban danko da ƙananan ƙura. A cikin ra'ayi na halaye na high-danko auduga ɓangaren litattafan almara ga cellulose ether, da farko, an gudanar da tsauraran iko a kan zaɓi na albarkatun kasa, da kuma auduga linters tare da babban balagagge, high danko, babu uku-filament, da kuma low auduga iri. An zaɓi abun ciki na hull azaman albarkatun ƙasa. Dangane da abubuwan da ake buƙata na auduga na sama bisa ga buƙatun alamomi daban-daban, an ƙudiri aniyar yin amfani da lilin auduga a cikin Xinjiang a matsayin albarkatun ƙasa don samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai ƙarfi ga ether cellulose. Alamomin ingancin Xinjiang cashmere sune: danko≥2000 ml/g, girma≥70%, sulfuric acid insoluble al'amarin≤6.0%, abun ciki ash≤1.7%.

1.2 Kayan aiki da magunguna

Kayan aikin gwaji: PL-100 tukunyar dafa abinci na lantarki (Chengyang Taisite Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd.), kayan aiki akai-akai zazzabi ruwa wanka (Longkou Electric Furnace Factory), PHSJ 3F daidaitaccen pH mita (Shanghai Yidian Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.), Capillary viscometer, WSB～Mitar fari 2 (Jinan Sanquan Zhongshishi

Laboratory Instrument Co., Ltd.).

Magungunan gwaji: NaOH, HCl, NaClO, H2O2, NaSiO3.

1.3 Hanyar aiwatarwa

Tushen auduga→alkali dafa abinci→wanka→pulping→bleaching (ciki har da maganin acid)→ɓangaren litattafan almara→gama samfurin→gwaji index

1.4 Abun gwaji

Tsarin dafa abinci yana dogara ne akan ainihin tsarin samarwa, ta amfani da shirye-shiryen kayan rigar da hanyoyin dafa abinci na alkaline. Sai kawai a tsaftace sannan a cire gwangwanin auduga mai ƙididdigewa, ƙara leda da aka ƙididdige gwargwadon rabon ruwa da adadin alkali da aka yi amfani da shi, sai a haɗa gwangwanin auduga da lemun tsami sosai, a zuba su a cikin tankin dafa abinci, sannan a dafa su daidai da yanayin dafa abinci daban-daban da lokutan riƙewa. Dafa shi. Ana wanke ɓangaren litattafan almara bayan dafa abinci, a buge shi da bleaching don amfani daga baya.

Tsarin Bleaching: sigogi irin su ƙaddamarwar ɓangaren litattafan almara da ƙimar pH an zaɓa kai tsaye bisa ga ainihin ƙarfin kayan aiki da abubuwan yau da kullun, kuma ana tattauna sigogi masu dacewa kamar adadin wakili na bleaching ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje.

Bleaching ya kasu kashi uku: (1) Na al'ada pre-chlorination matakin bleaching, daidaita ɓangaren litattafan almara zuwa 3%, ƙara acid don sarrafa darajar pH na ɓangaren litattafan almara zuwa 2.2-2.3, ƙara wani adadin sodium hypochlorite zuwa bleach a. dakin zafin jiki na minti 40. (2) Hydrogen peroxide sashe bleaching, daidaita ɓangaren litattafan almara ya zama 8%, ƙara sodium hydroxide zuwa alkalinize slurry, ƙara hydrogen peroxide da aiwatar da bleaching a wani zafin jiki (sashin bleaching hydrogen peroxide yana ƙara wani adadin stabilizer sodium silicate). An bincika takamaiman zafin bleaching, adadin hydrogen peroxide da lokacin bleaching ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje. (3) Sashen maganin acid: daidaita ƙwayar ɓangaren litattafan almara zuwa 6%, ƙara kayan aikin cire acid da ƙarfe ion don maganin acid, ana aiwatar da tsarin wannan sashe bisa ga tsarin samar da ɓangaren litattafan al'ada na musamman na kamfanin, kuma takamaiman tsari ya yi. ba a buƙatar ƙarin tattaunawa ta gwaji.

Yayin aikin gwaji, kowane mataki na bleaching yana daidaita ƙwayar ɓangaren litattafan almara da pH, yana ƙara wani kaso na reagent bleaching, yana gauraya ɓangaren litattafan almara da bleaching reagent a ko'ina a cikin jakar filastik polyethylene da aka rufe, kuma yana sanya shi a cikin wanka mai zafin jiki akai-akai don yawan zafin jiki. bleaching na ƙayyadadden lokaci. Tsarin bleaching Cire matsakaiciyar slurry kowane minti 10, haɗuwa kuma a kwaɗa shi daidai don tabbatar da daidaiton bleaching. Bayan kowane mataki na bleaching, ana wanke shi da ruwa, sannan a ci gaba zuwa mataki na gaba na bleaching.

1.5 Binciken slurry da ganowa

GB/T8940.2-2002 da GB/T7974-2002 da aka yi amfani da su don shiri da kuma auna fari na slurry fari samfurori bi da bi; An yi amfani da GB/T1548-2004 don auna slurry danko.

2. Sakamako da tattaunawa

2.1 Binciken Target

Dangane da bukatun abokan ciniki, manyan alamun fasaha na babban danko na ɓangaren litattafan almara don ether cellulose sune: fari.≥85%, danko≥1800 ml/g,α- cellulose≥90%, abun ciki ash≤0.1%, irin≤12 mg / kg da dai sauransu bisa ga shekaru da yawa na gwaninta na kamfanin a cikin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara na musamman, ta hanyar sarrafa yanayin dafa abinci da ya dace, wankewa da yanayin maganin acid a cikin tsarin bleaching,α-cellulose, ash, baƙin ƙarfe abun ciki da sauran alamomi, yana da sauƙi don saduwa da buƙatun a ainihin samarwa. Saboda haka, ana ɗaukar farin da danko a matsayin mayar da hankali ga wannan ci gaban gwaji.

2.2 Tsarin dafa abinci

Hanyar dafa abinci ita ce lalata bangon fiber na farko tare da sodium hydroxide a ƙarƙashin wani yanayin dafa abinci da matsa lamba, ta yadda abubuwan da ba su da ruwa mai narkewa da alkali-soluble wadanda ba cellulose ba, mai da kakin zuma a cikin linters auduga sun narke, kuma abun ciki naα- cellulose yana ƙaruwa. . Saboda raguwar sarƙoƙi na macromolecular cellulose yayin aikin dafa abinci, an rage matakin polymerization kuma an rage danko. Idan matakin dafa abinci ya yi haske sosai, ɓangaren litattafan almara ba za a dafa shi sosai ba, bleaching na gaba zai zama mara kyau, kuma ingancin samfurin zai zama mara ƙarfi; idan matakin dafa abinci ya yi nauyi sosai, sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cellulose za su lalace da ƙarfi kuma danƙon zai yi ƙasa kaɗan. Cikakken la'akari da buƙatun buƙatun bleachability da danko na slurry, an ƙaddara cewa danko na slurry bayan dafa abinci shine≥1900 ml / g, kuma farin shine≥55%.

Dangane da manyan abubuwan da ke shafar tasirin dafa abinci: adadin alkali da aka yi amfani da shi, zafin dafa abinci, da lokacin riƙewa, ana amfani da hanyar gwajin orthogonal don gudanar da gwaje-gwaje don zaɓar yanayin tsarin dafa abinci mai dacewa.

Dangane da ƙarancin ƙarancin sakamakon gwajin orthogonal, tasirin abubuwan uku akan tasirin dafa abinci shine kamar haka: zafin dafa abinci> adadin alkali> riƙe lokaci. Yanayin dafa abinci da adadin alkali suna da babban tasiri akan danko da fari na ɓangaren litattafan almara. Tare da karuwar zafin dafa abinci da adadin alkali, farin yana ƙara karuwa, amma danko yana ƙoƙarin raguwa. Don samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai zurfi, matsakaicin yanayin dafa abinci ya kamata a karbe shi gwargwadon yiwuwa yayin tabbatar da fari. Don haka, a hade tare da bayanan gwaji, zafin dafa abinci shine 115°C, kuma adadin alkali da aka yi amfani da shi shine 9%. Tasirin riƙe lokaci a tsakanin abubuwa uku ya fi na sauran abubuwa biyu rauni. Tun da wannan girkin yana ɗaukar hanyar dafa abinci mai ƙarancin alkali da ƙarancin zafin jiki, don haɓaka daidaiton dafa abinci da tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na dafa abinci, an zaɓi lokacin riƙewa azaman mintuna 70. Saboda haka, an ƙaddara haɗin A2B2C3 don zama mafi kyawun tsarin dafa abinci don ɓangaren litattafan almara mai girma. A karkashin yanayin tsarin samarwa, fari na ɓangaren litattafan almara na ƙarshe shine 55.3%, kuma danko shine 1945 ml/g.

2.3 Tsarin Bleaching

2.3.1 Tsarin pre-chlorination

A cikin sashin pre-chlorination, ana ƙara ƙaramin adadin sodium hypochlorite a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara don canza lignin da ke cikin ɓangaren auduga zuwa lignin chlorinated kuma a narkar da shi. Bayan bleaching a cikin matakin pre-chlorination, dole ne a sarrafa danko na slurry don zama.≥1850 ml/g, da fari≥63%.

Adadin sodium hypochlorite shine babban abin da ke shafar tasirin bleaching a cikin wannan sashe. Domin gano adadin da ya dace na chlorine da ake samu, an yi amfani da hanyar gwaji guda ɗaya don gudanar da gwaje-gwaje iri ɗaya guda 5 a lokaci guda. Ta hanyar ƙara adadin sodium hypochlorite daban-daban a cikin slurry, chlorine mai tasiri a cikin slurry Abubuwan chlorine shine 0.01 g/L, 0.02 g/L, 0.03 g/L, 0.04 g/L, 0.05 g/L bi da bi. Bayan bleaching, danko da BaiDu.

Daga sauye-sauyen farar fata na auduga da danko tare da adadin sinadarin chlorine, ana iya gano cewa tare da karuwar sinadarin chlorine, farar auduga na karuwa a hankali, kuma danko yana raguwa a hankali. Lokacin da adadin chlorine da ake samu shine 0.01g/L da 0.02g/L, farin ƙwayar auduga shine≤63%; Lokacin da adadin sinadarin chlorine ya kai 0.05g/l, dankon auduga ya kasance.≤1850ml/g, wanda bai dace da buƙatun pre-chlorination ba. Abubuwan buƙatun sarrafa bleaching kashi. Lokacin da adadin chlorine da ake samu shine 0.03g/L da 0.04g/L, alamun bayan bleaching sune danko 1885mL/g, fari 63.5% da danko 1854mL/g, fari 64.8%. Matsakaicin adadin ya yi daidai da buƙatun alamun sarrafa bleaching a cikin sashin pre-chlorination, don haka da farko an ƙaddara cewa adadin chlorine da ke cikin wannan sashe shine 0.03-0.04g/L.

2.3.2 Hydrogen peroxide mataki bincike aiwatar bleaching

Ciwon hydrogen peroxide shine mafi mahimmanci matakin bleaching a cikin aikin bleaching don inganta farin. Bayan wannan mataki, ana aiwatar da matakin maganin acid don kammala aikin bleaching. Matsayin maganin acid tare da yin takarda na gaba da kafa matakin ba shi da wani tasiri a kan danko na ɓangaren litattafan almara, kuma yana iya ƙara farin ciki da akalla 2%. Sabili da haka, bisa ga buƙatun ƙididdiga masu sarrafawa na ɓangaren litattafan almara na ƙarshe, buƙatun sarrafa ma'aunin matakin bleaching na hydrogen peroxide an ƙaddara su zama danko.≥1800 ml/g da fari≥83%.

Babban abubuwan da ke shafar hydrogen peroxide bleaching sune adadin hydrogen peroxide, zafin bleaching, da lokacin bleaching. Don cimma buƙatun fari da danko na babban ɓangaren litattafan almara, abubuwan ukun da ke shafar tasirin bleaching an bincika su ta hanyar gwajin orthogonal don tantance madaidaitan matakan aiwatar da bleaching na hydrogen peroxide.

Ta hanyar matsanancin bambance-bambancen bayanan gwaji na orthogonal, an gano cewa tasirin abubuwan uku akan tasirin bleaching shine: zafin bleaching> adadin hydrogen peroxide> lokacin bleaching. Zazzaɓin bleaching da adadin hydrogen peroxide sune manyan abubuwan da ke shafar tasirin bleaching. Tare da karuwa a hankali na bayanai na abubuwa biyu na zafin jiki na bleaching da adadin hydrogen peroxide, farin ƙwayar auduga yana karuwa a hankali, kuma danko yana raguwa a hankali. Idan aka yi la'akari da farashin samarwa, ƙarfin kayan aiki da ingancin samfur gabaɗaya, an ƙaddara zafin bleaching na hydrogen peroxide ya zama 80.°C, kuma adadin hydrogen peroxide shine 5%. A lokaci guda kuma, bisa ga sakamakon gwaji, lokacin bleaching na hydrogen peroxide yana da ɗan tasiri akan tasirin bleaching, kuma an zaɓi lokacin bleaching mataki ɗaya na hydrogen peroxide a matsayin mintuna 80.

Dangane da zaɓaɓɓen tsari na bleaching mataki na hydrogen peroxide, dakin gwaje-gwajen ya gudanar da gwaje-gwaje masu yawa na tabbatarwa, kuma sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa ma'aunin gwaji na iya biyan buƙatun da aka saita.

3. Kammalawa

Dangane da buƙatun abokin ciniki, ta hanyar gwajin factor guda ɗaya da gwajin orthogonal, haɗe tare da ainihin ƙarfin kayan aiki na kamfani da farashin samarwa, ana ƙayyade sigogin tsarin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara na ɓangaren litattafan almara don ether na cellulose kamar haka: (1) Tsarin dafa abinci: amfani da 9 % alkali, dafa Zazzabi shine 115°C, kuma lokacin riƙewa shine mintuna 70. (2) Tsarin Bleaching: a cikin sashin pre-chlorination, adadin chlorine da ake samu don bleaching shine 0.03-0.04 g/L; A cikin sashin hydrogen peroxide, zafin bleaching shine 80°C, adadin hydrogen peroxide shine 5%, kuma lokacin bleaching shine minti 80; Sashen maganin acid, bisa ga tsarin al'ada na kamfanin.

Babban danko ɓangaren litattafan almara doncellulose ethershi ne ɓangaren litattafan almara na auduga na musamman tare da aikace-aikace mai faɗi da ƙima mai girma. Dangane da adadi mai yawa na gwaje-gwaje, kamfanin da kansa ya ɓullo da tsarin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai girma don ether cellulose. A halin yanzu, ɓangaren litattafan almara mai girma don cellulose ether ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan nau'o'in masana'antar Kima Chemical, kuma abokan ciniki a gida da waje sun amince da ingancin samfurin gaba ɗaya kuma sun yaba.