Takaitawa:Domin maye gurbin slurry polyvinyl barasa mara lalacewa (PVA), hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose an shirya shi daga sharar gida na hemp stalks, kuma gauraye da takamaiman sitaci don shirya slurry. Polyester-auduga gauraye yarn T/C65/35 14.7 tex an yi girma kuma an gwada girman aikin sa. Mafi kyawun tsarin samar da hydroxypropyl methylcellulose shine kamar haka: yawan adadin lye shine 35%; rabon matsawa na alkali cellulose ya kasance 2.4; Matsakaicin adadin ruwa na methane da propylene oxide shine 7: 3; tsarma tare da isopropanol; matsin lamba shine 2 . 0MPa. Girman da aka shirya ta hanyar haɗuwa da hydroxypropyl methylcellulose da takamaiman sitaci yana da ƙananan COD kuma ya fi dacewa da muhalli, kuma duk masu nuna girman girman za su iya maye gurbin girman PVA.
Mabuɗin kalmomi:hemp tushe; hemp stalk cellulose ether; polyvinyl barasa; cellulose ether girma girma
0.Gabatarwa
Kasar Sin na daya daga cikin kasashen da ke da arzikin ciyawa. Yawan amfanin gona ya fi ton miliyan 700, kuma yawan amfani da bambaro ya kai kashi 3% a kowace shekara. Ba a yi amfani da albarkatun bambaro mai yawa ba. Bambaro shine albarkatun kasa na lignocellulosic na halitta, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a abinci, taki, abubuwan da suka samo asali na cellulose da sauran samfuran.
A halin yanzu, kawar da gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin tsarin samar da masaku ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin gurɓataccen ruwa. Bukatar iskar oxygen na PVA yana da girma sosai. Bayan da ruwan sharar masana'antu da PVA ke samarwa a cikin aikin bugu da rini ya fito cikin kogin, zai hana ko ma lalata shakar halittun ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, PVA yana ƙaruwa da saki da ƙaura na ƙananan karafa a cikin sediments a cikin ruwa, yana haifar da matsalolin muhalli masu tsanani. Don gudanar da bincike kan maye gurbin PVA tare da koren slurry, ba lallai ba ne kawai don biyan bukatun tsarin ƙira, amma har ma don rage yawan gurɓataccen ruwa da iska a lokacin aikin haɓaka.
A cikin wannan binciken, an shirya hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) daga sharar daji na sharar gonaki, kuma an tattauna tsarin samar da shi. Kuma haxa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose da takamaiman girman sitaci kamar girman girman girman, kwatanta da girman PVA, kuma tattauna aikin girman sa.
1. Gwaji
1 . 1 Kayayyaki da kayan aiki
Hemp, Heilongjiang; polyester-auduga blended yarn T/C65/3514.7 tex; da kansa hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; FS-101, sitaci da aka gyara, PVA-1799, PVA-0588, Liaoning Zhongze Group Chaoyang Textile Co., Ltd.; propanol, babban darajar; propylene oxide, glacial acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, isopropanol, analytically tsarki; methyl chloride, babban-tsarki nitrogen.
GSH-3L dauki tukunyar jirgi, JRA-6 dijital nuni Magnetic stirring ruwa wanka, DHG-9079A lantarki dumama m zazzabi bushe tanda, IKARW-20 saman inji agitator, ESS-1000 samfurin sizing inji, YG 061 / PC lantarki guda yarn ƙarfi mita, LFY-109B na'ura mai sarrafa yarn abrasion tester.
1.2 Shiri na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 2. 1 Shiri na alkali fiber
A raba tsinken hemp din, a daka shi zuwa raga guda 20 tare da na'ura mai juyi, sai a zuba hodar hemp din zuwa 35% NaOH maganin ruwa, sannan a jika shi a dakin da zafin jiki na 1. 5 ~ 2 . 0 h ku. Matsi da impregnated alkali fiber domin taro rabo na alkali, cellulose, da ruwa ne 1. 2:1. 2:1.
1. 2. 2 Etherification dauki
Jefa alkali cellulose da aka shirya a cikin kettle dauki, ƙara 100 ml na isopropanol a matsayin diluent, ƙara ruwa 140 ml na methyl chloride da 60 ml na propylene oxide, vacuumize, da kuma matsa zuwa 2 . 0 MPa, sannu a hankali tada zafin jiki zuwa 45 ° C na 1-2 hours, kuma amsa a 75 ° C na 1-2 hours don shirya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
1. 2. 3 Bayan aiwatarwa
Daidaita pH na etherified cellulose ether tare da glacial acetic acid zuwa 6. 5 ~ 7 . 5, a wanke da propanol sau uku, kuma a bushe a cikin tanda a 85 ° C.
1.3 Tsarin samarwa na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 3. 1 Tasirin saurin juyawa akan shirye-shiryen ether cellulose
Yawancin lokaci halayen etherification shine nau'i mai ban sha'awa daga ciki zuwa ciki. Idan babu iko na waje, yana da wuya ga wakili na etherification ya shiga cikin crystallization na cellulose, don haka ya zama dole don cikakken hada da etherification wakili tare da cellulose ta hanyar motsawa. A cikin wannan binciken, an yi amfani da reactor mai matsa lamba mai ƙarfi. Bayan gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwajen da aka maimaita, zaɓaɓɓen saurin juyawa shine 240-350 r / min.
1. 3. 2 Sakamakon maida hankali na alkali akan shirye-shiryen ether cellulose
Alkali zai iya lalata tsarin tsarin cellulose don sa ya kumbura, kuma lokacin da kumburin yanki na amorphous da yankin crystalline sukan zama daidai, etherification yana tafiya lafiya. A cikin tsarin samar da ether cellulose, adadin alkali da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin tsarin alkalization na cellulose yana da tasiri mai girma akan ingantaccen etherification na samfuran etherification da matakin maye gurbin ƙungiyoyi. A cikin tsarin shirye-shiryen hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, yayin da haɓakar lye ya karu, abun ciki na ƙungiyoyin methylcellulose yana ƙaruwa; Sabanin haka, lokacin da maida hankali na lye ya ragu, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose abun ciki na tushe ya fi girma. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙungiyar methoxy daidai yake daidai da ƙaddamarwar lye; abun ciki na hydroxypropyl ya saba daidai da ƙaddamarwar lemun tsami. An zaɓi yawan juzu'i na NaOH a matsayin 35% bayan maimaita gwaje-gwaje.
1. 3. 3 Sakamakon alkali cellulose matsi rabo akan shirye-shiryen ether cellulose
Dalilin danna alkali fiber shine don sarrafa abun cikin ruwa na alkali cellulose. Lokacin da rabon latsawa ya yi ƙanƙara, abun ciki na ruwa yana ƙaruwa, ƙaddamar da ƙwayar lye yana raguwa, ƙimar etherification ya ragu, kuma wakili na etherification yana hydrolyzed kuma halayen gefe suna karuwa. , da etherification yadda ya dace ya ragu sosai. Lokacin da matsi rabo ya yi yawa girma, da ruwa abun ciki ya ragu, da cellulose ba za a iya kumbura, kuma ba shi da reactivity, da etherification wakili ba zai iya cikakken lamba tare da alkali cellulose, da kuma dauki ne m. Bayan gwaje-gwaje da yawa da kwatancen latsawa, an ƙaddara cewa yawan adadin alkali, ruwa da cellulose shine 1. 2: 1. 2:1.
1. 3. 4 Sakamakon zafin jiki akan shirye-shiryen ether cellulose
A cikin aiwatar da shirye-shiryen hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, da farko sarrafa zafin jiki a 50-60 ° C kuma ajiye shi a cikin zafin jiki na tsawon sa'o'i 2. The hydroxypropylation dauki za a iya za'ayi a game da 30 ℃, da kuma hydroxypropylation dauki kudi yana ƙaruwa sosai a 50 ℃; sannu a hankali ƙara yawan zafin jiki zuwa 75 ℃, kuma sarrafa zafin jiki na 2 hours. A 50 ° C, methylation dauki da wuya ya amsa, a 60 ° C, ƙimar amsawa yana jinkirin, kuma a 75 ° C, ƙimar amsawar methylation yana haɓaka sosai.
Shirye-shiryen hydroxypropyl methylcellulose tare da kula da zafin jiki da yawa ba zai iya sarrafa ma'auni na methyl da hydroxypropyl kawai ba, amma kuma yana taimakawa wajen rage halayen gefe da kuma bayan jiyya, da kuma samun samfurori tare da tsari mai ma'ana.
1. 3. 5 Tasirin etherification wakili sashi rabo akan shiri na ether cellulose
Tunda hydroxypropyl methylcellulose wani nau'in ether ne wanda ba na ionic ba, an maye gurbin methyl da ƙungiyoyin hydroxypropyl akan sarƙoƙin macromolecular hydroxypropyl methylcellulose daban-daban, wato, C daban-daban a kowane matsayi na zoben glucose. A daya hannun, rarraba rabo na methyl da hydroxypropyl yana da mafi girma watsawa da kuma bazuwar. Solubility na ruwa na HPMC yana da alaƙa da abun ciki na ƙungiyar methoxy. Lokacin da abun ciki na ƙungiyar methoxy ya yi ƙasa, ana iya narkar da shi cikin alkali mai ƙarfi. Yayin da abun cikin methoxyl ya karu, ya zama mai kula da kumburin ruwa. Mafi girman abun ciki na methoxy, mafi kyawun narkewar ruwa, kuma ana iya tsara shi zuwa slurry.
Adadin etherifying wakili na methyl chloride da propylene oxide yana da tasiri kai tsaye akan abun ciki na metoxyl da hydroxypropyl. Domin shirya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose tare da mai kyau ruwa solubility, da ruwa adadin rabo na methyl chloride da propylene oxide da aka zaba a matsayin 7: 3.
1.3.6 Mafi kyawun tsarin samarwa na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
The dauki kayan aiki ne mai high-matsi zuga reactor; saurin juyawa shine 240-350 r / min; yawan adadin lye shine 35%; rabon matsawa na alkali cellulose shine 2. 4; Hydroxypropoxylation a 50 ° C na 2 hours, methoxylation a 75 ° C na 2 hours; etherification wakili methyl chloride da propylene oxide ruwa rabo rabo 7: 3; vacuum; matsa lamba 2 . 0 MPa; diluent shine isopropanol.
2. Ganewa da aikace-aikace
2.1 SEM na hemp cellulose da alkali cellulose
Idan aka kwatanta da hemp cellulose da hemp cellulose da aka bi da tare da 35% NaOH, za a iya a fili gano cewa alkalized cellulose yana da ƙarin fashe fashe, ya fi girma surface area, mafi girma aiki da kuma sauki etherification dauki.
2.2 Ƙaddamarwar Infrared Spectroscopy
The cellulose cire daga hemp stalks bayan jiyya da infrared bakan na HPMC shirya daga hemp stalk cellulose. Daga cikin su, da karfi da fadi da sha band a 3295 cm -1 ne mikewa vibration sha band na HPMC kungiyar hydroxyl kungiyar, da sha band a 1250 ~ 1460 cm -1 ne sha band na CH, CH2 da CH3, da kuma sha. band a 1600 cm -1 shi ne sha band na ruwa a cikin polymer sha band. Ƙungiyar sha a 1025cm -1 ita ce ƙungiyar ɗaukar nauyin C - O - C a cikin polymer.
2.3 Ƙaddamar danko
Ɗauki samfurin cannabis da aka shirya stalk cellulose ether kuma ƙara shi a cikin beaker don shirya maganin ruwa na 2%, motsa shi sosai, auna danko da kwanciyar hankali tare da viscometer, kuma auna matsakaicin danko har sau 3. Danko na shirye-shiryen cannabis stalk cellulose ether samfurin shine 11. 8mpa.
2.4 Aikace-aikacen girman girman
2.4.1 Slurry sanyi
An shirya slurry a cikin 1000mL na slurry tare da babban juzu'i na 3.5%, an motsa shi tare da mahaɗin, sa'an nan kuma sanya shi a cikin wanka na ruwa kuma yana mai tsanani zuwa 95 ° C na 1 h. A lokaci guda, lura cewa kwandon dafa abinci na ɓangaren litattafan almara ya kamata a rufe shi da kyau don hana haɓakar slurry daga haɓaka saboda ƙawancen ruwa.
2.4.2 Slurry tsari pH, miscibility da COD
Mix hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose da takamaiman girman sitaci don shirya slurry (1 # ~ 4 #), kuma kwatanta da PVA dabara slurry (0 #) don nazarin pH, miscibility da COD. T/C65/3514.7 tex na polyester-auduga mai gauraya yadudduka an yi girmansa akan injin ESS1000 na samfurin, kuma an yi nazarin girman girman sa.
Ana iya ganin cewa na gida hemp stalk cellulose ether da takamaiman sitaci size 3 # su ne mafi kyau duka tsari: 25% hemp stalk cellulose ether, 65% modified sitaci da 10% FS-101.
Duk bayanan da aka kwatanta suna da kwatankwacin girman girman PVA, yana nuna cewa gaurayawan girman hydroxypropyl methylcellulose da takamaiman sitaci yana da kyakkyawan aikin haɓaka; pH ɗinsa yana kusa da tsaka tsaki; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose da takamaiman sitaci COD (17459.2 mg/L) na ƙayyadaddun sitaci gauraye ya yi ƙasa da na girman PVA (26448.0 mg/L), kuma aikin kare muhalli yana da kyau.
3. Kammalawa
Mafi kyawun tsari na samarwa don shirya hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose don daidaitawa shine kamar haka: babban matsi mai motsawa tare da saurin juyawa na 240-350 r / min, babban juzu'i na lye na 35%, da rabon matsawa. na alkali cellulose 2.4, da methylation zafin jiki ne 75 ℃, da kuma hydroxypropylation zafin jiki ne 50 ℃, kowane kiyaye for 2 hours, da ruwa girma rabo na methyl chloride da propylene oxide ne 7: 3, injin, da dauki matsa lamba ne 2.0 MPa. isopropanol shine diluent.
An yi amfani da hemp stalk cellulose ether don maye gurbin girman PVA don ƙima, kuma mafi girman girman rabo shine: 25% hemp stalk cellulose ether, 65% modified sitaci da 10% FS-101. Matsakaicin pH na slurry shine 6.5 kuma COD (17459.2 mg / L) yana da mahimmanci ƙasa da na PVA slurry (26448.0 mg / L), yana nuna kyakkyawan aikin muhalli.
An yi amfani da hemp stalk cellulose ether don sizing maimakon PVA size zuwa girman polyester-auduga blended yarn T/C 65/3514.7tex. Fihirisar girman girman daidai yake. Sabuwar hemp stalk cellulose ether da ingantaccen sitaci gauraye girman na iya maye gurbin girman PVA.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-20-2023