Yadda za a inganta Cellulose Ether Production?

Kima Chemical Co., Ltd. girma ina so gabatar da inganta tsarin samar da ether cellulose da kayan aiki a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, da kuma nazarin halaye daban-daban na kneader da coulter reactor a cikin tsarin samar da ether cellulose. Tare da saurin haɓaka masana'antar ether cellulose, ƙarfin samar da kayan aiki guda ɗaya yana canzawa daga ɗaruruwan ton zuwa ton dubu da yawa. Halin da ba makawa ne don sababbin kayan aiki don maye gurbin tsofaffin kayan aiki.

Mabuɗin kalmomi: ether cellulose; kayan aikin samarwa; gwangwani; coulter reactor

Idan aka waiwayi shekaru 10 da suka gabata na masana'antar ether ta kasar Sin, shekaru goma ne mai daukaka ga ci gaban masana'antar ether. Ƙarfin samar da ether cellulose ya kai fiye da ton 250,000. A shekara ta 2007, samfurin CMC ya kasance ton 122,000, kuma abin da ba na ionic cellulose ether ba ya kasance ton 62,000. 10,000 ton na cellulose ether (a cikin 1999, China'Jimlar fitar da ether na cellulose ya kasance ton 25,660 kawai), wanda ya kai fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na duniya.'s fitarwa; kamfanoni masu nauyin ton dubu da dama sun samu nasarar shiga cikin kamfanoni masu matakin ton 10,000; nau'ikan samfurin sun karu sosai, An inganta ingancin samfurin akai-akai; a bayan duk wannan shine ƙarin girma na fasaha na tsari da kuma ƙara haɓaka matakin samar da kayan aiki. Idan aka kwatanta da matakin ci-gaba na kasashen waje, an rage tazarar sosai.

Wannan labarin ya gabatar da sabon ci gaba na tsarin samar da ether na cikin gida da inganta kayan aiki a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kuma ya gabatar da aikin da Cibiyar Nazarin Masana'antu ta Zhejiang ta yi a cikin bincike da haɓaka kayan aikin samar da ether cellulose bisa ka'ida da tunanin masana'antar sinadarai masu kore. Ayyukan bincike akan cellulose ether alkalization etherification reactor.

1. Fasahar samarwa da kayan aiki na gida cellulose ether CMC a cikin 1990s

Tun Shanghai Celluloid Factory ɓullo da ruwa-matsakaici tsari a 1958, da guda-kayayyaki low-ikon ƙarfi ƙarfi tsari da sauran samar da matakai da aka yi amfani da su samar da CMC. A cikin gida, ana amfani da kneaders galibi don halayen etherification. A cikin 1990s, ƙarfin samar da shekara-shekara na masana'antar samarwa guda ɗaya CMC na yawancin masana'antun shine ton 200-500, kuma manyan samfuran etherification sun kasance 1.5m³ kuma 3m³ kneaders. Duk da haka, lokacin da aka yi amfani da kneader azaman kayan aiki na amsawa, saboda jinkirin saurin ƙullun hannu, tsawon lokacin amsawar etherification, babban rabo na halayen gefe, ƙarancin amfani da wakili na etherification, da rashin daidaituwa na rashin daidaituwa. etherification dauki substituent rarraba, babban dauki yanayi Alal misali, da controllability na wanka rabo, alkali taro da kneading hannu gudun ne matalauta, don haka yana da wuya a gane m homogeneity na etherification dauki, kuma shi ne ma fi wuya a gudanar da taro canja wuri. da kuma binciken bincike na zurfin etherification dauki. Sabili da haka, kneader yana da wasu ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki na CMC, kuma shine ƙwanƙwasa na ci gaban masana'antar ether cellulose. Rashin isa ga manyan samfuran etherification dauki a cikin 1990s za a iya taƙaita su cikin kalmomi uku: ƙananan (ƙananan fitarwa na na'urar guda ɗaya), ƙananan (ƙananan yawan amfani da wakili na etherification), matalauta (etherification dauki ya maye gurbin Uniformity na rarraba tushe). talaka ne). A cikin la'akari da lahani a cikin tsarin kneader, wajibi ne don samar da kayan aiki na kayan aiki wanda zai iya hanzarta aikin etherification na kayan aiki, kuma rarraba abubuwan da aka maye gurbinsu a cikin halayen etherification ya fi daidaituwa, don haka ƙimar amfani na etherification wakili ya fi girma. A karshen shekarun 1990, yawancin kamfanonin ether na cikin gida sun yi fatan Cibiyar Bincike ta Masana'antun Sinadari ta Zhejiang za ta yi bincike da bunkasa kayan aikin da masana'antar ether ke bukata cikin gaggawa. Cibiyar Binciken Masana'antu ta Zhejiang ta fara shiga cikin binciken tsarin hada foda da kayan aiki a cikin shekarun 1970, ta kafa ƙungiyar R & D mai ƙarfi, kuma ta sami sakamako mai gamsarwa. Ma'aikatar Masana'antu ta Sin ta ba da lambar yabo ta fasaha da kayan aiki da yawa da lambar yabo ta ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha ta Zhejiang. A cikin shekarun 1980, mun hada kai da Cibiyar Binciken Wuta ta Tianjin na Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Jama'a don samar da kayan aiki na musamman don samar da busasshen foda, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta uku na lambar yabo ta ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha na ma'aikatar tsaron jama'a; a cikin 1990s, mun yi bincike da haɓaka fasahar hada-hadar ruwa mai ƙarfi da kayan aiki. Da yake sanin makomar ci gaban masana'antar ether ta cellulose, masu bincike na cibiyar binciken masana'antun sinadarai ta lardin Zhejiang sun fara bincike da samar da na'urori na musamman don samar da ether na cellulose.

2. Tsarin ci gaba na reactor na musamman don ether cellulose

2.1 Fasali na mahaɗin coulter

Ka'idar aiki na mahaɗin coulter shine cewa a ƙarƙashin aikin mai tayar da hankali mai siffar plowshare, foda a cikin injin yana da rudani tare da bangon Silinda a cikin kewayawa da radial kwatance a gefe guda, kuma an jefa foda tare da bangarorin biyu. na garma a daya bangaren. Hanyoyi na motsi suna ƙetare-tsaye kuma suna yin karo da juna, don haka suna haifar da vortex mai tayar da hankali da kuma samar da cikakkiyar motsi na sararin samaniya mai girma uku. Saboda rashin ƙarancin ruwa na kayan daɗaɗɗen fibrous dauki, wasu samfuran ba za su iya fitar da motsin kewaye, radial da axial na cellulose a cikin silinda ba. Ta hanyar bincike kan tsarin samar da CMC da kayan aiki na masana'antar ether cellulose a gida da waje, yin cikakken amfani da sakamakon binciken shekaru 30 na binciken, mahaɗin coulter da aka haɓaka a cikin 1980s an fara zaɓar shi azaman ƙirar asali don haɓaka cellulose. ether dauki kayan aiki .

2.2 Haɓaka tsari na coulter reactor

Ta hanyar gwajin ƙaramin na'ura na gwaji, hakika ya sami sakamako mafi kyau fiye da ƙwanƙwasa. Duk da haka, lokacin da aka yi amfani da su kai tsaye a cikin masana'antar ether cellulose, har yanzu akwai matsaloli masu zuwa: 1) A cikin amsawar etherification, rashin ruwa na kayan aiki na fibrous yana da ƙananan matalauta, don haka tsarin coulter da wuka mai tashi ba ta da kyau. isa. Fitar da cellulose don motsawa a cikin kewaye, radial da axial kwatance na ganga, don haka hadawa na masu amsawa bai isa ba, yana haifar da ƙarancin amfani da masu amsawa da ƙananan samfurori. 2) Saboda rashin rashin ƙarfi na babban shinge da ke da goyan bayan haƙarƙari, yana da sauƙi don haifar da eccentricity bayan aiki da kuma matsala na hatimin hatimi; sabili da haka, iskan waje cikin sauƙi yana mamaye silinda ta hanyar hatimin shaft kuma yana rinjayar aikin injin a cikin silinda, yana haifar da foda a cikin silinda. Gudu. 3) Bawul ɗin fitar da su shine bawul ɗin flapper ko bawul ɗin diski. Na farko yana da sauƙi don shaƙar iska a waje saboda rashin aikin rufewa, yayin da na ƙarshe yana da sauƙin riƙe kayan kuma yana haifar da asarar reactants. Don haka dole ne a magance wadannan matsalolin daya bayan daya.

Masu bincike sun inganta ƙirar coulter reactor sau da yawa, kuma sun ba da shi ga kamfanoni da yawa na cellulose ether don amfani da gwaji, kuma a hankali sun inganta ƙirar bisa ga ra'ayoyin. By canza tsarin siffar coulters da staggered tsari na biyu m coulters a bangarorin biyu na babban shaft, da reactants karkashin mataki na coulters ba kawai tashin hankali a cikin kewaye da radial kwatance tare da ciki bango na Silinda, amma. Har ila yau Splash tare da al'ada shugabanci na bangarorin biyu na coulter, don haka da reactants suna da cikakken gauraye, da kuma alkalization da etherification halayen kammala a cikin hadawa tsari ne sosai, da amfani kudi na reactants ne high, da dauki gudun ne sauri da kuma amfani da makamashi yana da ƙasa . Bugu da ƙari, hatimin shaft da kujerun zama a duka ƙarshen silinda an daidaita su zuwa farantin ƙarshen madaidaicin ta hanyar flange don ƙara ƙarfin babban shinge, don haka aikin yana da ƙarfi. A lokaci guda, ana iya tabbatar da tasirin hatimin hatimin shaft saboda babban shinge ba ya lankwasa kuma ba ya lalacewa, kuma foda a cikin silinda ba ya tserewa. Ta hanyar canza tsarin bawul ɗin fitarwa da haɓaka diamita na tanki mai shayewa, ba wai kawai zai iya hana riƙe kayan a cikin bawul ɗin fitarwa ba, amma kuma yana hana asarar foda kayan aiki yayin shayewa, don haka yadda ya kamata ya rage asarar dauki. samfurori. Tsarin sabon reactor yana da ma'ana. Ba zai iya samar da yanayin shirye-shiryen barga da abin dogara don cellulose ether CMC ba, amma kuma ya hana foda a cikin silinda daga tserewa ta hanyar inganta yanayin iska na hatimin shaft da bawul ɗin fitarwa. Abokan muhalli, fahimtar tunanin ƙirar masana'antar sinadarai masu kore.

2.3 Haɓaka na'urar reactor

Saboda lahani na kanana, ƙananan, da ƙarancin ƙwanƙwasa, injin mai sarrafa coulter ya shiga yawancin masana'antar samar da CMC na cikin gida, kuma samfuran sun haɗa da nau'ikan nau'ikan 4m guda shida.³,6m ku³,8m ku³, 10m³, 15m ku³kuma 26m³. A 2007, coulter reactor lashe kasa Utility model patent izini (lambar bugu: CN200957344). Bayan 2007, an ɓullo da wani reactor na musamman don layin samar da ether maras ionic cellulose (kamar MC/HPMC). A halin yanzu, samar da CMC a cikin gida galibi yana ɗaukar hanyar ƙarfi.

Dangane da martani na yanzu daga masana'antun ether cellulose, yin amfani da na'urori masu amfani da wutar lantarki na iya rage yawan ƙarfi da kashi 20% zuwa 30%, kuma tare da haɓaka kayan aikin samarwa, akwai yuwuwar ƙarin raguwar amfani da sauran ƙarfi. Tun da coulter reactor iya isa 15-26m³, Daidaitawar rarraba maye gurbin a cikin halayen etherification yana da kyau fiye da na kneader.

3. Sauran kayan aikin samar da ether cellulose

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yayin haɓaka cellulose ether alkalization da etherification reactors, sauran madadin model kuma suna karkashin ci gaba.

Air lifter (lambar bugu: CN200955897). A cikin hanyar samar da ƙarfi na CMC, injin bushewar rake an fi amfani dashi a cikin farfadowa da bushewa a baya, amma injin bushewar rake za'a iya sarrafa na'urar bushewa ne kawai, yayin da mai ɗaukar iska zai iya gane ci gaba da aiki. The iska lifter crushes da CMC abu ta hanyar da sauri jujjuya couters da kuma tashi wukake a cikin Silinda don ƙara zafi canja wurin surface, da kuma fesa tururi a cikin Silinda to cikakken volatilize ethanol daga CMC abu da kuma sauƙaƙe dawo da, game da shi Rage samar da farashin CMC da adana albarkatun ethanol, da kuma kammala aikin aikin bushewa na ether cellulose a lokaci guda. Samfurin yana da nau'i biyu na 6.2m³kuma 8m³.

Granulator (lambar bugawa: CN200957347). A cikin aiwatar da samar da ether cellulose ta hanyar ƙarfi, tagwayen dunƙule extrusion granulator aka yafi amfani a baya don granulate da sodium carboxymethyl cellulose abu bayan etherification dauki, wanka da bushewa. The ZLH irin cellulose ether granulator ba zai iya kawai granulate ci gaba kamar data kasance tagwaye- dunƙule extrusion granulator, amma kuma iya ci gaba da cire kayan ta ciyar da iska a cikin Silinda da sanyaya ruwa a cikin jaket. React sharar gida zafi, game da shi inganta ingancin granulation, da kuma ceton wutar lantarki, kuma zai iya ƙara samfurin fitarwa kudi ta kara da sandal gudun, kuma zai iya daidaita tsawo na kayan matakin bisa ga tsari bukatun. Samfurin yana da nau'i biyu na 3.2m³kuma 4m³.

Mai haɗa iska (lambar buguwar lamba: CN200939372). Nau'in nau'in nau'in iska na MQH yana aika da iska mai matsa lamba zuwa cikin ɗakin hadawa ta cikin bututun ƙarfe a kan mahaɗin, kuma kayan nan take ya tashi a karkace tare da bangon Silinda tare da matse iska don samar da yanayin haɗuwa mai ruwa. Bayan bugun bugun bugun jini da dama da dakatar da tazara, za'a iya gane saurin hadewar kayan cikin cikakken girma. Bambance-bambance tsakanin batches na samfur daban-daban ana haɗa su tare ta hanyar haɗuwa. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan samfura guda biyar: 15m³, 30m ku³, 50m ku³,80m ku³, kuma 100m³.

Ko da yake ana ci gaba da raguwar ratar da ke tsakanin na'urorin samar da ether na kasarta da matakan ci gaba na kasashen waje, har yanzu ya zama dole a kara inganta matakin da kuma kara yin gyare-gyare don magance matsalolin da ba su dace da na'urorin da ake samarwa a yanzu ba.

4. Outlook

Masana'antar ether ta ƙasata tana haɓaka ƙira da sarrafa sabbin kayan aiki, da haɗa halayen kayan aikin don ci gaba da haɓaka aikin. Masu masana'anta da masu kera kayan aiki sun fara haɓaka tare da amfani da sabbin kayan aiki tare. Waɗannan duka suna nuna ci gaban masana'antar ether ta ƙasata. , wannan haɗin gwiwar zai yi tasiri mai mahimmanci ga ci gaban masana'antu. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana'antar cellulose ether ta ƙasata, bisa ga fasahar da ke da halayen Sinanci, ko dai sun shawo kan ci gaban kasa da kasa, gabatar da na'urorin waje, ko yin cikakken amfani da kayan aikin cikin gida don kammala sauye-sauye daga asali "datti, m, matalauta" da kuma samar da bita mai ɗorewa zuwa Canjin aikin injiniya da sarrafa kansa don samun babban ci gaba a cikin ƙarfin samarwa, inganci da inganci a cikin masana'antar ether ta cellulose ya zama burin gama gari na masana'antun ether na ƙasata.