HEC don hako mai

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ne yadu amfani a da yawa masana'antu sassa domin ta m Properties na thickening, dakatar, watsawa da ruwa riƙewa. Musamman a cikin filin mai, an yi amfani da HEC a cikin hakowa, kammalawa, aikin aiki da fasahohi, yawanci a matsayin mai kauri a cikin brine, da kuma wasu takamaiman aikace-aikace.

HECProperties don amfani da filayen mai

(1) Hakuri na gishiri:

HEC yana da kyakkyawan haƙurin gishiri don electrolytes. Kamar yadda HEC abu ne wanda ba na ionic ba, ba za a yi ionized a cikin ruwa ba kuma ba zai samar da ragowar hazo ba saboda kasancewar yawan gishiri a cikin tsarin, yana haifar da canji na danko.

HEC yana kauri da yawa high maida hankali monovalent da bivalent electrolyte mafita, yayin da anionic fiber linkers kamar CMC samar salting daga wasu karfe ions. A cikin aikace-aikacen filin mai, HEC gabaɗaya baya shafar ta taurin ruwa da tattarawar gishiri kuma yana iya yin kauri mai nauyi mai ɗauke da babban adadin zinc da ions calcium. Aluminum sulfate ne kawai zai iya hado shi. Tasiri mai kauri na HEC a cikin ruwa mai kyau da cikakken NaCl, CaCl2 da ZnBr2CaBr2 nauyi electrolyte.

Wannan haƙurin gishiri yana ba HEC damar taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan rijiyar da kuma ci gaban filin teku.

(2) Dankowa da ƙimar shear:

Ruwa mai narkewa HEC yana narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi da sanyi duka, yana samar da danko da ƙirƙirar robobi na karya. Maganin sa mai ruwa da ruwa yana aiki sama kuma yana ƙoƙarin samar da kumfa. Maganin matsakaici da babban danko HEC da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin filin mai na gaba ɗaya ba Newtonian ba ne, yana nuna babban mataki na pseudoplastic, kuma danko yana shafar ƙimar ƙarfi. A ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin HEC suna tsarawa ba tare da izini ba, wanda ya haifar da sarkar sarkar tare da babban danko, wanda ya inganta danko: a cikin ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, kwayoyin halitta suna daidaitawa tare da jagorancin gudana, rage juriya ga gudana, kuma danko yana raguwa tare da karuwa mai girma.

Ta hanyar ɗimbin gwaje-gwaje, Union Carbide (UCC) ta ƙaddamar da cewa yanayin rheological na hako ruwa ba shi da tushe kuma ana iya bayyana shi ta hanyar doka:

Shear damuwa = k (karfi na kudi) n

Inda, n shine ingantaccen danko na maganin a ƙaramin juzu'i (1s-1).

N yayi daidai da juzu'i mai ƙarfi. .

A cikin aikin injiniyan laka, k da n suna da amfani yayin ƙididdige ɗanƙoƙin ruwa mai tasiri a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙasa. Kamfanin ya haɓaka saiti na ƙima don k da n lokacin da aka yi amfani da HEC (4400cps) azaman ɓangaren laka mai hakowa (tebur 2). Wannan tebur ya shafi duk matakan HEC mafita a cikin ruwan gishiri da gishiri (0.92kg / 1 nacL). Daga wannan tebur, ana iya samun ƙimar da ta dace da matsakaici (100-200rpm) da ƙananan (15-30rpm).

Aikace-aikacen HEC a filin mai

(1) Ruwan hakowa

HEC da aka ƙara hakowa ana amfani da su sosai a cikin hakowa mai ƙarfi da kuma a cikin yanayi na musamman kamar kewaya asarar ruwa, asarar ruwa mai yawa, matsa lamba na al'ada, da sifofin shale marasa daidaituwa. Sakamakon aikace-aikacen kuma yana da kyau a cikin hakowa da manyan ramuka.

Saboda kauri, dakatarwa da kayan shafawa, ana iya amfani da HEC wajen hako laka don sanyaya baƙin ƙarfe da yankan hakowa, da kawo ƙwari a saman, inganta ƙarfin dutsen da ke ɗaukar laka. An yi amfani da shi a filin mai na Shengli azaman rijiyar burtsatse da kuma ɗaukar ruwa tare da tasiri mai ban mamaki kuma an sanya shi a aikace. A cikin downhole, a lokacin da aka fuskanci sosai high karfi kudi, saboda musamman rheological hali na HEC, da danko na hakowa ruwa iya zama a gida kusa da danko na ruwa. A gefe guda, an inganta ƙimar hakowa, kuma bit ɗin ba shi da sauƙi don zafi, kuma rayuwar sabis na bit yana tsawaita. A gefe guda kuma, ramukan da aka tono suna da tsabta kuma suna da babban tasiri. Musamman a cikin tsarin dutse mai wuyar gaske, wannan tasirin yana da kyau a bayyane, yana iya adana kayan da yawa. .

An yi imani da cewa ƙarfin da ake buƙata don hako ruwa a wani adadin ya dogara ne akan dankowar ruwa mai hakowa, kuma amfani da ruwan hakowa na HEC na iya rage yawan rikice-rikice na hydrodynamic, don haka rage buƙatar famfo. Don haka, ana kuma rage hankali ga asarar wurare dabam dabam. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya rage karfin farawa lokacin da sake zagayowar ya dawo bayan rufewa.

An yi amfani da maganin potassium chloride na HEC azaman ruwan hakowa don inganta kwanciyar hankali. Ana gudanar da tsarin da bai dace ba a cikin kwanciyar hankali don sauƙaƙe buƙatun casing. Ruwan hakowa yana ƙara inganta ƙarfin ɗaukar dutsen kuma yana iyakance rarrabawa.

HEC na iya inganta mannewa ko da a cikin maganin electrolyte. Ruwan Saline mai dauke da ions sodium, calcium ions, chloride ions da bromine ions ana yawan cin karo dashi a cikin ruwan hakowa mai hankali. Wannan ruwan hakowa yana da kauri tare da HEC, wanda zai iya kiyaye gel solubility da kyakkyawan ikon ɗagawa a cikin kewayon tattara gishiri da nauyi na hannun ɗan adam. Yana iya hana lalacewar yankin da ake samarwa da kuma ƙara yawan hakowa da samar da mai.

Yin amfani da HEC kuma na iya haɓaka aikin asarar ruwa na laka gabaɗaya. Ƙara inganta kwanciyar hankali na laka. Ana iya ƙara HEC azaman ƙari ga slurry saline bentonite wanda ba a tarwatsawa ba don rage asarar ruwa da ƙara danko ba tare da ƙara ƙarfin gel ba. A lokaci guda, yin amfani da HEC zuwa hakowa laka zai iya cire rarrabuwar yumbu da kuma hana rushewa da kyau. Ingancin rashin ruwa yana rage yawan hydration na shale na laka akan bangon rijiyar, da kuma rufe tasirin dogon sarkar HEC akan dutsen bangon rijiyar yana ƙarfafa tsarin dutsen kuma yana da wahala a sami ruwa da zubewa, yana haifar da rushewa. A cikin manyan abubuwan haɓakawa, abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar ruwa kamar su calcium carbonate, resins hydrocarbon da aka zaɓa ko hatsin gishiri mai narkewa na iya zama tasiri, amma a cikin matsanancin yanayi, babban taro na maganin asarar ruwa (watau a kowace ganga na bayani) za a iya amfani da

HEC 1.3-3.2kg) don hana asarar ruwa mai zurfi a cikin yankin samarwa.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da HEC azaman gel ɗin kariya mara ƙima a cikin hakowa laka don magani mai kyau da kuma matsa lamba mai ƙarfi (matsa lamba 200 na yanayi) da ma'aunin zafin jiki.

Amfanin yin amfani da HEC shi ne cewa hakowa da kuma kammala matakai na iya amfani da laka iri ɗaya, rage dogara ga sauran masu rarrabawa, diluents da masu kula da PH, sarrafa ruwa da ajiya suna da kyau sosai.

(2.) Ruwa mai karye:

A cikin ruwa mai tsagewa, HEC na iya ɗaga danko, kuma HEC kanta ba ta da tasiri a kan man fetur, ba zai toshe glume fracture ba, zai iya karya da kyau. Hakanan yana da halaye iri ɗaya da ruwan fashewar ruwa, kamar ƙarfin dakatar da yashi mai ƙarfi da ƙaramin juriya. Ruwan barasa mai kashi 0.1-2%, wanda HEC yayi kauri da sauran gishiri mai iodized kamar potassium, sodium da gubar, an zuba shi a cikin rijiyar mai tare da matsa lamba don karyewa, kuma an dawo da kwarara cikin sa'o'i 48. Ruwan da aka yi da ruwa da aka yi tare da HEC ba su da ragowa bayan shayarwa, musamman a cikin gyare-gyare tare da ƙananan ƙarancin da ba za a iya zubar da ragowar ba. A karkashin yanayin alkaline, an samar da hadaddun da manganese chloride, jan karfe chloride, jan karfe nitrate, jan karfe sulfate da dichromate mafita, kuma ana amfani da shi musamman don proppant dauke da karye ruwa. Yin amfani da HEC zai iya kauce wa asarar danko saboda yanayin zafi mai zurfi, raguwa da yankin mai, kuma har yanzu yana samun sakamako mai kyau a cikin Rijiyoyin da ke sama da 371 C. A cikin yanayi mai zurfi, HEC ba shi da sauƙi don rot da lalacewa, kuma ragowar ya ragu. don haka a zahiri ba zai toshe hanyar mai ba, wanda zai haifar da gurbatar yanayi a karkashin kasa. Dangane da aiki, yana da kyau fiye da manne da aka saba amfani da shi wajen karyewa, kamar fitattun filaye. Phillips Petroleum kuma ya kwatanta abun da ke tattare da ethers cellulose irin su carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose da methyl cellulose, kuma ya yanke shawarar cewa HEC shine mafi kyawun bayani.

Bayan da aka yi amfani da ruwa mai fashewa tare da 0.6% tushe ruwa HEC maida hankali da jan karfe sulfate crosslinking wakili a Daqing oilfield a kasar Sin, an kammala cewa idan aka kwatanta da sauran na halitta adhesions, da yin amfani da HEC a fracturing ruwa yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga "(1) da Ruwan tushe ba shi da sauƙin ruɓe bayan an shirya shi, kuma ana iya sanya shi na dogon lokaci; (2) ragowar yana da ƙasa. Kuma na karshen shine mabuɗin HEC da za a yi amfani da shi sosai a rijiyar mai da ke karyewa a ƙasashen waje.

(3.) Kammalawa da aiki:

Ruwan ƙarami mai ƙarfi na HEC yana hana barbashi laka toshe sararin tafki yayin da yake kusantar tafki. Abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar ruwa kuma suna hana ruwa mai yawa shiga cikin tafki daga laka don tabbatar da ingancin tafki.

HEC yana rage jan laka, wanda ke rage karfin famfo kuma yana rage yawan wutar lantarki. Kyakkyawan narkewar gishiri kuma yana tabbatar da cewa babu hazo lokacin acidizing mai Wells.

A cikin kammalawa da ayyukan shiga tsakani, ana amfani da danko na HEC don canja wurin tsakuwa. Ƙara 0.5-1kg HEC kowace ganga na ruwa mai aiki zai iya ɗaukar tsakuwa da tsakuwa daga rijiyar burtsatse, wanda zai haifar da mafi kyawun radial da tsakuwa mai tsayi. Cire polymer na gaba yana sauƙaƙa tsarin cire aikin aiki da ruwa mai ƙarewa. A wasu lokatai da ba kasafai ba, yanayin gangarowa na buƙatar matakan gyara don hana laka komawa kan rijiyar yayin hakowa da aiki da zubar da ruwa. A wannan yanayin, za a iya amfani da maganin HEC mai mahimmanci don yin sauri da sauri 1.3-3.2kg na HEC kowace ganga na ruwa. Bugu da kari, a cikin matsanancin yanayi, ana iya sanya kimanin kilo 23 na HEC a cikin kowace ganga na dizal a zubar da shi a hankali a hankali yayin da yake haɗuwa da ruwan dutse a cikin ramin.

Za'a iya mayar da ma'aunin yashi da aka cika tare da maganin millidarcy na 500 a ma'auni na 0. 68 kg HEC kowace ganga za a iya mayar da shi zuwa fiye da 90% ta acidification tare da hydrochloric acid. Bugu da kari, ruwan cikar HEC mai dauke da sinadarin calcium carbonate, wanda aka yi shi daga 136ppm na ruwa mai tsafta wanda ba a tace shi ba, ya dawo da kashi 98% na adadin magudanar ruwa na asali bayan an cire kek din tacewa daga saman abubuwan tacewa da acid.