Tasirin Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ether akan Halayen Turmi Siminti da Aka fesa Injin

Cellulose ether wani abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin turmi mai fashewa. An yi nazarin tasirin viscosities daban-daban guda huɗu na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) akan riƙewar ruwa, yawa, abun cikin iska, kaddarorin injina da girman girman ramuka na turmi mai fashewar inji. Nazarin ya nuna cewa: HPMC na iya inganta aikin riƙe ruwa na turmi sosai, kuma yawan riƙewar ruwa zai iya wuce 90% lokacin da adadin HPMC ya kasance 0.15%. Mafi bayyane; abun cikin iska na turmi yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka abun ciki na HPMC: A fili HPMC zai rage kayan aikin injin siminti, amma rabon turmi zai ƙaru; Girman pore na turmi zai karu sosai bayan ƙara HPMC, Ramin ramuka masu cutarwa da ramukan cutarwa da yawa ya karu sosai.

Mabuɗin kalmomi: turmi; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether; riƙe ruwa; rarraba girman pore

0. Gabatarwa

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da ci gaba da ci gaban masana'antu da inganta fasaha, ta hanyar gabatarwa da inganta injunan feshin turmi daga waje, fasahar feshi da filasta ta ci gaba sosai a kasarmu. Turmi fesa injina ya sha bamban da turmi na yau da kullun, wanda ke buƙatar babban aikin riƙe ruwa, ruwa mai dacewa da takamaiman aikin hana sagging. Yawancin lokaci, ana ƙara ether cellulose a cikin turmi, daga cikinsu akwai hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plain ether (HPMC) wanda aka fi amfani dashi. Babban ayyukan HPMC a cikin turmi sune: kyakkyawan ƙarfin riƙe ruwa, kauri da viscosifying da daidaitawar rheological. Koyaya, ba za a iya watsi da gazawar HPMC ba. HPMC yana da tasirin haɓaka iska, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin lahani na ciki kuma da gaske ya rage kayan aikin injin turmi. Wannan takarda tana nazarin tasirin HPMC akan ƙimar riƙe ruwa, yawa, abun ciki na iska da kaddarorin injin turmi daga macroscopic al'amari, kuma yana nazarin tasirin HPMC akan tsarin pore na turmi daga yanayin microscopic.

1. Gwaji

1.1 Kayan danye

Siminti: kasuwanci akwai P·O42.5 ciminti, 28d flexural da compressive ƙarfi ne 6.9 da 48.2 MPa bi da bi; yashi: Chengde yashi kogi mai kyau, raga 40-100; cellulose ether: hydroxypropyl barasa samar da wani kamfani a Hebei Methyl cellulose ether, farin foda, nominal danko 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa·S: Ruwa: tsaftataccen ruwan famfo.

1.2 Hanyar gwaji

A cewar JGJ / T 105-2011 "Dokokin Gina don Gyaran Injini da Rufewa", daidaiton turmi shine 80 ~ 120mm, kuma yawan ajiyar ruwa ya fi 90%. A cikin wannan gwajin, an saita rabon lemun tsami-yashi a 1: 5, ana sarrafa daidaito a (93).±2) mm, kuma ether cellulose yana haɗuwa a waje, kuma ana ƙididdige adadin sa bisa ga yawan siminti. Ana gwada ainihin kaddarorin turmi kamar jika mai yawa, abun ciki na iska, ƙimar riƙe ruwa, da daidaito dangane da JGJ 70-2009 "Hanyoyin Gwaji don Asalin Abubuwan Gina Turmi", kuma ana gwada abun cikin iska kuma ana ƙididdige su bisa ga hanyar yawa. An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen ƙarfi na shirye-shiryen, sassauƙa da matsawa na samfuran tare da la'akari da GB/T 17671-1999 "Hanyoyin Gwajin Ƙarfin Cimin Tumi Sand (Hanyar ISO)". An gwada girman pore ta hanyar mercury porosimetry. Samfurin mercury porosimeter shine AUTOPORE 9500, kuma ma'auni ya kasance 5.5 nm zuwa 360μm. An gudanar da jimillar gwaje-gwaje guda 4. 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (lambobi sune A, B, C, D).

2. Sakamako da Nazari

2.1 Tasirin HPMC akan yawan riƙe ruwa na turmi siminti

Riƙewar ruwa yana nufin ƙarfin turmi don riƙe ruwa. A cikin injin da aka fesa turmi, ƙara ether cellulose zai iya kula da danshi yadda ya kamata, rage yawan zubar jini, da biyan buƙatun isassun ruwa na kayan tushen siminti.

Daga tasirin da HPMC ke da shi a kan yawan adadin turmi, za a iya ganin cewa tare da karuwar abun ciki na HPMC, yawan ajiyar ruwa na turmi yana karuwa a hankali. Matsakaicin ethers cellulose tare da viscosities na 100, 150 da 200 Pa·s daidai suke. Lokacin da abun ciki ya kasance 0.05% zuwa 0.15%, yawan riƙewar ruwa yana ƙaruwa a layi. Lokacin da abun ciki ya kasance 0.15%, yawan riƙe ruwa ya fi 93%..Bayan 20%, haɓakar haɓakar riƙe ruwa ya zama lebur, yana nuna cewa adadin HPMC yana kusa da saturation. Matsakaicin tasirin adadin HPMC tare da danko na 40 Pa·s akan ƙimar riƙe ruwa kusan layi ɗaya ne. Lokacin da adadin ya fi 0.15%, adadin riƙon ruwa na turmi ya ragu sosai fiye da na sauran nau'ikan HPMC guda uku tare da adadin danko iri ɗaya. An yi imani da cewa tsarin riƙe ruwa na cellulose ether shine: ƙungiyar hydroxyl akan kwayoyin ether cellulose da oxygen atom akan ether bond zasu haɗu da kwayoyin ruwa don samar da haɗin hydrogen, don haka ruwan kyauta ya zama ruwa mai ɗaure. , don haka wasa mai kyau mai kula da ruwa; Haka kuma an yi imani da cewa interdiffusion tsakanin ruwa kwayoyin da cellulose ether kwayoyin sarƙoƙi damar ruwa kwayoyin shiga ciki na cellulose ether macromolecular sarƙoƙi da kuma zama ƙarƙashin karfi dauri sojojin, game da shi inganta ruwa riƙe da ciminti slurry. Kyakkyawan riƙewar ruwa na iya kiyaye turmi mai kama da juna, ba sauƙin rarrabewa ba, da samun kyakkyawan aikin haɗawa, yayin da rage lalacewa na inji da haɓaka rayuwar injin fesa turmi.

2.2 Tasirin HPMC akan yawa da abun cikin iska na turmi siminti

Daga tasirin viscosities daban-daban da dosages na HPMC akan yawan turmi, ana iya ganin cewa lokacin da adadin HPMC ya kasance 0-0.20%, yawan turmi yana raguwa sosai tare da karuwar adadin HPMC, daga 2050 kg / m³ har zuwa 1650kg/m³ , raguwa da kusan 20%; bayan abun ciki na HPMC ya wuce 0.20%, raguwar yawa yakan zama lebur. Idan aka kwatanta nau'o'in HPMC guda huɗu tare da danko daban-daban, ana iya ganin cewa mafi girma da danko, ƙananan ƙima na turmi; da yawa masu lankwasa na turmi tare da gauraye viscosities na 150 da 200 Pa s HPMC m zoba, yana nuna cewa yayin da danko na HPMC ya ci gaba da karuwa, da yawa na turmi daina raguwa.

Daga rinjayar daban-daban danko da dosages na HPMC a kan iska abun ciki na turmi, za a iya gani cewa canji na iska abun ciki na turmi ne akasin na da yawa na turmi. Ƙarar iska ta kusan tashi a cikin layi madaidaiciya; lokacin da abun ciki na HPMC ya wuce 0.20%, abun cikin iska yana canzawa da kyar, yana nuna cewa tasirin iska na turmi yana kusa da saturation. Sakamakon haɓakar iska na HPMC tare da danko na 150 da 200 Pa·s ya fi na HPMC girma tare da danko na 40 da 100 Pa·s.

Sakamakon haɓakar iska na ether cellulose an ƙaddara shi ne ta hanyar tsarin kwayoyin halitta. Cellulose ether yana da ƙungiyoyi biyu na hydrophilic (hydroxyl, ƙungiyoyin ether) da ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic (ƙungiyoyin methyl, zoben glucose), kuma shine surfactant. , yana da aiki na sama, don haka yana da tasirin iska. A gefe guda kuma, iskar gas ɗin da aka gabatar na iya yin aiki a matsayin ƙwallo a cikin turmi, inganta aikin turmi, ƙara girma, da haɓaka fitarwa, wanda ke da amfani ga masana'anta. Amma a gefe guda, tasirin haɓakar iska yana ƙaruwa da abun cikin iska na turmi da porosity bayan taurin, yana haifar da haɓakar pores masu cutarwa da rage yawan kayan aikin injiniya. Ko da yake HPMC yana da wani tasiri mai ɗaukar iska, ba zai iya maye gurbin wakili mai ɗaukar iska ba. Bugu da kari, lokacin da aka yi amfani da HPMC da wakili mai haɓaka iska a lokaci guda, mai ɗaukar iska na iya gazawa.

2.3 Tasirin HPMC akan kaddarorin injina na turmi siminti

Daga 28d flexural ƙarfi da 28d compressive ƙarfi, za a iya gani cewa lokacin da adadin HPMC ne kawai 0.05%, da flexural ƙarfi na turmi rage muhimmanci, wanda shi ne game da 25% kasa da na blank samfurin ba tare da HPMC, da kuma. Ƙarfin matsawa zai iya zama kai 65% na samfurin mara kyau. 80%. Lokacin da abun ciki na HPMC ya wuce 0.20%, matakin raguwa a cikin ƙarfin sassauƙa da ƙarfi na turmi ba a bayyane yake ba. Dankowar HPMC yana da ɗan tasiri akan kayan aikin injin turmi. HPMC yana gabatar da ɗimbin ƙananan kumfa na iska, kuma tasirin iska akan turmi yana haɓaka porosity na ciki da pores mai cutarwa na turmi, yana haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin ƙarfin matsawa da ƙarfin sassauƙa. Wani dalili na raguwar ƙarfin turmi shine tasirin riƙewar ruwa na ether cellulose, wanda ke kiyaye ruwa a cikin turmi mai tauri, kuma babban rabo na ruwa-ruwa yana haifar da raguwa a cikin ƙarfin gwajin gwajin. Don turmi gini na inji, kodayake ether cellulose na iya haɓaka ƙimar riƙe ruwa na turmi sosai da haɓaka aikin sa, idan adadin ya yi yawa, zai yi tasiri sosai ga kayan aikin injin turmi, don haka dangantakar da ke tsakanin su biyun yakamata a auna ta daidai.

Daga rabon nadawa na kwanaki 28, ana iya ganin cewa tare da karuwar abun ciki na HPMC, jimlar nadawa na turmi gabaɗaya yana nuna haɓakar haɓakawa, wanda shine ainihin alaƙar layi. Wannan shi ne saboda ƙarar ether cellulose yana gabatar da adadi mai yawa na kumfa na iska, yana haifar da ƙarin lahani a cikin turmi, yana haifar da raguwa mai tsanani a cikin ƙarfin matsawa na turmi, kuma ko da yake ƙarfin sassaucin kuma yana raguwa zuwa wani matsayi; amma ether cellulose na iya inganta sassaucin turmi da tsayayya Ƙarfin nadawa yana da kyau, wanda ya sa raguwar raguwa ya ragu. Idan aka yi la'akari sosai, haɗakar tasirin biyun yana haifar da haɓakar rabon nadawa.

2.4 Tasirin HPMC akan girman pore na turmi

Matsakaicin girman rabe-raben rabe-raben rukunoni hudu na samfuran A, B, C da D an auna su ta hanyar intrusion porosimetry na mercury.

Dangane da madaidaicin rarraba girman pore, bayanan rarraba girman pore da sigogin ƙididdiga na samfuran AD, HPMC yana da babban tasiri akan tsarin pore na turmi siminti:

(1) Bayan ƙara HPMC, girman pore na turmi siminti yana ƙaruwa sosai. A kan madaidaicin girman rabe-raben rabe-rabe, yankin hoton yana motsawa zuwa dama, kuma ƙimar pore daidai da ƙimar kololuwa ya zama mafi girma. Hakanan daga bayanan ƙididdiga na rarraba girman pore da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin sakamakon gwaji na sigogin ƙididdiga daban-daban, ana iya ganin cewa matsakaicin pore na simintin turmi bayan ƙara HPMC yana da girma fiye da na samfurin blank, kuma a cikin samfurin tare da kashi 0.3% Ƙimar ƙimar ƙimar ita ce umarni 2 na girma fiye da na samfurin mara kyau.

(2) Wu Zhongwei et al. ya raba pores a cikin kankare zuwa nau'i hudu, wadanda ba su da lahani.≤20 nm), ƙananan pores masu cutarwa (20-100 nm), pores masu cutarwa (100-200 nm) da yawa masu cutarwa pores (≥200 nm). 200 nm). Daga bayanan kididdigar girman girman pore da sakamakon gwaji na sigogi daban-daban na ƙididdiga, ana iya ganin cewa adadin pores marasa lahani ko ƙarancin cutarwa yana raguwa sosai, kuma adadin pores masu cutarwa ko ƙari mai cutarwa yana ƙaruwa bayan ƙara HPMC. Matsakaicin mara lahani ko žasa mai cutarwa na samfurin ba tare da HPMC ba kusan kusan 49.4% ne, kuma ƙarancin lalacewa ko ƙarancin cutarwa yana raguwa sosai bayan ƙara HPMC. Ɗaukar kashi 0.1% a matsayin misali, ƙananan pores marasa lahani ko žasa suna raguwa da kusan 45%. , adadin masu cutarwa ya fi 10 girmaμm ya karu da kusan sau 9.

3) Matsakaicin diamita na tsaka-tsaki, matsakaicin diamita na pore, ƙayyadaddun ƙarar pore da takamaiman yanki ba sa bin ka'idar canji mai tsauri tare da haɓaka abun ciki na HPMC, wanda zai iya zama alaƙa da babban watsawar zaɓin samfurin a cikin gwajin allurar mercury. Amma gaba ɗaya, matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici, matsakaicin matsakaicin diamita da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun pore na samfurin da aka haɗe tare da HPMC yakan karu idan aka kwatanta da samfurin blank, yayin da takamaiman yanki ya ragu.

3. Kammalawa

(1) Yawan riƙe ruwa na turmi yana ƙaruwa tare da karuwar abun ciki na HPMC. Matsakaicin ether cellulose tare da viscosities na 100, 150 da 200 Pa·S daidai suke, kuma yawan riƙe ruwa ya fi 93% idan abun ciki shine 0.15%. Lokacin da abun ciki na 40 Pa·s cellulose ether ya fi 0.15%, yawan riƙe ruwa ya yi ƙasa da na sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan HPMC guda uku.

(2) Yawan turmi yana raguwa a hankali tare da haɓaka abun ciki na HPMC, kuma abun ciki shine 0.05%. Rage ƙima shine mafi bayyane a 0.20%, kusan 20%; lokacin da abun ciki ya wuce 0.20%, da wuya yawan ya canza; abun cikin iska na turmi yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka abun ciki na HPMC.

(3) Haɓaka abun ciki na HPMC a fili zai rage ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin siminti, amma daidaitaccen adadin turmi zai ƙaru, kuma sassaucin turmi zai zama mafi kyau.

(4) Bayan ƙara HPMC, girman pore na turmi yana ƙaruwa sosai, kuma rabon pores masu cutarwa da ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa suna ƙaruwa sosai. Samfurin tare da 0.1% abun ciki na HPMC ya rage game da 45% idan aka kwatanta da samfurin blank tare da babu ko žasa mai cutarwa, kuma adadin mafi yawan cutarwa ya fi girma fiye da 10.μm ya karu kusan sau 9.