Tasirin Cellulose Ether akan Abubuwan Turmi

An yi nazarin tasirin nau'ikan ethers na cellulose guda biyu akan aikin turmi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa duka nau'ikan ethers na cellulose na iya inganta haɓakar ruwa na turmi da kuma rage daidaiton turmi; Ƙarfin matsawa yana raguwa a cikin nau'i daban-daban, amma rabon nadawa da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa na turmi yana ƙaruwa a cikin nau'i daban-daban, don haka inganta ginin turmi.

Mabuɗin kalmomi:ether cellulose; wakili mai riƙe ruwa; haɗin gwiwa ƙarfi

Cellulose ether (MC)asalin halitta ce ta cellulose. Cellulose ether za a iya amfani da matsayin ruwa riƙewa wakili, thickener, dauri, dispersant, stabilizer, suspending wakili, emulsifier da fim-forming taimako, da dai sauransu Saboda cellulose ether yana da kyau ruwa riƙewa da thickening sakamako a kan turmi, shi zai iya muhimmanci inganta workability. na turmi, don haka ether cellulose shine polymer mai narkewa da aka fi amfani da shi a cikin turmi.

1. Gwajin kayan gwaji da hanyoyin gwaji

1.1 Kayan danye

Siminti: Siminti na yau da kullun na Portland wanda Jiaozuo Jianjian Cement Co., Ltd. ya kera, yana da ƙarfin darajar 42.5. Sand: Nanyang rawaya yashi, fineness modulus 2.75, matsakaici yashi. Cellulose ether (MC): C9101 wanda Kamfanin Luojian na Beijing ya samar da HPMC wanda Kamfanin Shanghai Huiguang ya samar.

1.2 Hanyar gwaji

A cikin wannan binciken, rabon lemun tsami-yashi shine 1: 2, kuma rabon ciminti na ruwa shine 0.45; An haxa ether ɗin cellulose da siminti da farko, sa'an nan kuma an ƙara yashi kuma an motsa shi daidai. Ana ƙididdige adadin adadin ether cellulose bisa ga yawan adadin siminti.

Ana gudanar da gwajin ƙarfin matsawa da gwajin daidaito tare da JGJ 70-90 "Hanyoyin Gwaji don Asalin Abubuwan Gina Turmi". Ana yin gwajin ƙarfin sassauƙa bisa ga GB/T 17671-1999 “Gwajin Ƙarfin Cement Mortar”.

An gudanar da gwajin riƙe ruwa bisa ga hanyar takarda ta tace da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin masana'antar sarrafa kankare ta Faransa. Takamaiman tsari shine kamar haka: (1) sanya 5 yadudduka na takarda mai jinkirin a hankali akan farantin madauwari na filastik, sannan a auna yawansa; (2) sanya ɗaya a cikin hulɗar kai tsaye tare da turmi Sanya takarda mai sauri mai sauri akan takarda mai saurin jinkirin, sannan danna silinda mai diamita na ciki na 56 mm da tsawo na 55 mm akan takarda mai sauri; (3) Zuba turmi a cikin silinda; (4) Bayan turmi da lambar tace takarda na tsawon mintuna 15, a sake auna ingancin takarda mai jinkirin da faifan filastik; (5) Ƙididdige yawan ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar jinkirin tace takarda a kowane yanki na murabba'in mita, wanda shine yawan sha ruwa; (6) Yawan sha ruwa shine ma'anar lissafin sakamakon gwaji guda biyu. Idan bambanci tsakanin ƙimar ƙimar ya wuce 10%, yakamata a maimaita gwajin; (7) Riƙewar ruwa na turmi yana bayyana ta hanyar yawan sha ruwa.

An gudanar da gwajin ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa tare da la'akari da hanyar da ƙungiyar Japan Society for Materials Science ta ba da shawarar, kuma ƙarfin haɗin yana da ƙarfin sassauƙa. Gwajin ya ɗauki samfurin priism wanda girmansa ya kai 160mm×40mm ku×40mm ku. Samfurin turmi na yau da kullun da aka yi a gaba an warke har ya kai shekaru 28 d, sannan a yanka shi gida biyu. An yi rabi biyu na samfurin su zama samfura tare da turmi na yau da kullun ko polymer turmi, sa'an nan kuma a dabi'ance a warke a gida har zuwa wani shekaru, sannan a gwada su bisa ga hanyar gwaji don ƙarfin sassauƙa na turmi siminti.

2. Sakamakon gwaji da bincike

2.1 Daidaitawa

Daga tasirin ether cellulose akan daidaiton turmi, ana iya ganin cewa tare da haɓakar abun ciki na ether cellulose, daidaiton turmi yana nuna yanayin ƙasa, kuma raguwar daidaiton turmi gauraye da HPMC yana da sauri. fiye da na turmi gauraye da C9101. Wannan saboda dankowar ether cellulose yana hana kwararar turmi, kuma dankowar HPMC ya fi na C9101 girma.

2.2 Riƙewar ruwa

A cikin turmi, kayan siminti irin su siminti da gypsum suna buƙatar shayar da ruwa don saitawa. Matsakaicin adadin ether na cellulose zai iya kiyaye danshi a cikin turmi na dogon lokaci, don haka saitin da taurin zai iya ci gaba.

Daga tasirin abin da ke cikin ether na cellulose akan ajiyar ruwa na turmi, ana iya ganin cewa: (1) Tare da karuwa na C9101 ko HPMC cellulose ether abun ciki, yawan sha ruwa na turmi ya ragu sosai, wato, riƙewar ruwa. turmi ya inganta sosai, musamman idan aka haɗe shi da Turmi na HPMC. Za'a iya ƙara haɓakar ruwan sa; (2) Lokacin da adadin HPMC ya kasance 0.05% zuwa 0.10%, turmi cikakke ya cika buƙatun riƙe ruwa a cikin tsarin gini.

Dukansu ethers cellulose ba su da polymers. Ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl a kan sarkar kwayoyin ether na cellulose da oxygen atom a kan ether bond na iya samar da haɗin gwiwar hydrogen tare da kwayoyin ruwa, yin ruwa kyauta a cikin ruwa mai ɗaure, don haka yana taka rawa mai kyau wajen riƙe ruwa.

Riƙewar ruwa na ether cellulose ya dogara ne akan danko, girman barbashi, adadin rushewa da adadin kari. Gabaɗaya, mafi girman adadin da aka ƙara, mafi girman danko, kuma mafi kyawun inganci, mafi girman riƙewar ruwa. Dukansu C9101 da HPMC cellulose ether suna da methoxy da hydroxypropoxy kungiyoyin a cikin kwayoyin sarkar, amma abun ciki na methoxy a cikin HPMC cellulose ether ya fi na C9101, da danko na HPMC ya fi na C9101, don haka da ruwa rike da turmi. gauraye da HPMC ya fi na turmi gauraye da HPMC C9101 babban turmi. Duk da haka, idan danko da nauyin kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta na cellulose ether ya yi yawa sosai, solubility zai ragu daidai da haka, wanda zai haifar da mummunan tasiri akan ƙarfin da aiki na turmi. Ƙarfin tsarin don cimma kyakkyawan tasirin haɗin kai.

2.3 Ƙarfin sassauƙa da ƙarfin matsawa

Daga tasirin ether na cellulose akan ƙwanƙwasa da ƙarfi na turmi, ana iya ganin cewa tare da haɓakar abun ciki na ether cellulose, ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa da ƙarfi na turmi a cikin kwanaki 7 da 28 sun nuna yanayin ƙasa. Wannan shi ne yafi saboda: (1) Lokacin da aka ƙara ether cellulose a cikin turmi, ƙwayoyin polymers masu sassauƙa a cikin ramukan turmi suna ƙaruwa, kuma waɗannan polymers masu sassauƙa ba za su iya ba da tallafi mai ƙarfi ba lokacin da aka matsa matrix ɗin. A sakamakon haka, ƙarfin sassauci da matsawa na turmi ya ragu; (2) Tare da karuwar abun ciki na ether cellulose, tasirin sa na ruwa yana samun mafi kyau kuma mafi kyau, don haka bayan an kafa toshe gwajin turmi, porosity a cikin toshe gwajin turmi yana ƙaruwa, ƙarfin sassauci da matsawa zai ragu. ; (3) idan aka hada turmi mai busasshen da ruwa, sai a fara sanya barbashi na cellulose ether latex a saman sassan simintin don samar da fim din latex, wanda ke rage hydration na simintin, ta yadda kuma zai rage karfin turmi.

2.4 Ninki rabo

Sassauci na turmi yana ba wa turmi kyakkyawan nakasu, wanda ke ba shi damar daidaitawa da damuwa da ke haifarwa ta hanyar raguwa da nakasar kayan aikin, don haka yana haɓaka ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa da dorewar turmi.

Daga tasirin abun ciki na ether cellulose akan rabo na nadawa turmi (ff/fo), ana iya ganin cewa tare da karuwar cellulose ether C9101 da abun ciki na HPMC, rabon turmi nadawa ya nuna haɓakar haɓaka, yana nuna cewa sassaucin turmi ya kasance. inganta.

Lokacin da ether cellulose ya narke a cikin turmi, saboda methoxyl da hydroxypropoxyl a kan sarkar kwayoyin za su amsa tare da Ca2 + da Al3 + a cikin slurry, an samar da gel viscous kuma an cika shi a cikin tazarar siminti, don haka yana taka rawa na cikawa mai sauƙi. da kuma ƙarfafawa mai sauƙi, inganta haɓakar turmi, kuma yana nuna cewa an inganta sassaucin turmi da aka gyara.

2.5 Ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa

Daga tasirin abun ciki na ether cellulose akan ƙarfin haɗin turmi, ana iya ganin cewa ƙarfin turmi yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar abun ciki na ether cellulose.

Bugu da kari na cellulose ether iya samar da wani bakin ciki Layer na ruwa polymer fim tsakanin cellulose ether da hydrated siminti barbashi. Wannan fim yana da tasirin rufewa kuma yana inganta yanayin "bushewar saman" na turmi. Saboda kyakkyawan tanadin ruwa na ether na cellulose, ana adana isasshen ruwa a cikin turmi, ta yadda za a tabbatar da taurin siminti da cikakken haɓakar ƙarfinsa, da haɓaka ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa na man siminti. Bugu da ƙari, ƙari na cellulose ether yana inganta haɗin kai na turmi, kuma yana sa turmi ya kasance mai kyau na filastik da sassauƙa, wanda kuma ya sa turmin ya iya daidaitawa da raguwar nakasar nakasar, ta haka ne ya inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa na turmi. .

2.6 Ragewa

Ana iya gani daga tasirin ether cellulose a kan raguwar turmi: (1) Ƙimar raguwar turmi ether cellulose ya fi ƙasa da na turmi mara kyau. (2) Tare da karuwar abun ciki na C9101, ƙimar raguwa na turmi ya ragu a hankali, amma lokacin da abun ciki ya kai 0.30%, ƙimar raguwa na turmi ya karu. Wannan shi ne saboda mafi girma yawan adadin ether cellulose, mafi girma danko, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a buƙatar ruwa. (3) Tare da karuwar abun ciki na HPMC, ƙimar turmi ya ragu a hankali, amma lokacin da abun cikinsa ya kai 0.20%, ƙimar turmi ya ƙaru sannan ya ragu. Wannan saboda danko na HPMC ya fi na C9101 girma. Mafi girman danko na ether cellulose. Mafi kyawun riƙewar ruwa, mafi yawan abun ciki na iska, lokacin da abun cikin iska ya kai wani matsayi, ƙimar raguwar turmi zai karu. Saboda haka, cikin sharuddan shrinkage darajar, mafi kyau duka sashi na C9101 ne 0.05% ~ 0.20%. Mafi kyawun sashi na HPMC shine 0.05% ~ 0.10%.

3. Kammalawa

1. Cellulose ether na iya inganta ruwa na turmi da kuma rage daidaito na turmi. Daidaita adadin ether cellulose zai iya biyan bukatun turmi da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ayyuka daban-daban.

2. Bugu da ƙari na ether cellulose yana rage ƙarfin sassauƙa da ƙarfin matsawa na turmi, amma yana ƙara yawan nadawa da ƙarfin haɗin kai zuwa wani matsayi, don haka inganta ƙarfin turmi.

3. Bugu da ƙari na cellulose ether zai iya inganta aikin raguwa na turmi, kuma tare da karuwa da abun ciki, raguwar ƙimar turmi ya zama ƙarami kuma ƙarami. Amma lokacin da adadin cellulose ether ya kai wani matakin, raguwar darajar turmi ya karu zuwa wani matsayi saboda karuwar yawan adadin iska.