Hanyoyin haɓaka kasuwar ether cellulose

An gabatar da samarwa da amfani da hydroxymethyl cellulose da methyl cellulose da abubuwan da suka samo asali, kuma an yi hasashen buƙatun kasuwa na gaba. An yi nazarin abubuwan gasar da matsaloli a cikin masana'antar ether cellulose. An ba da wasu shawarwari game da ci gaban masana'antar ether cellulose a cikin ƙasarmu.

Mabuɗin kalmomi:ether cellulose; Binciken bukatar kasuwa; Binciken kasuwa

1. Rarraba da amfani da ether cellulose

1.1 Rarraba

Cellulose ether wani fili ne na polymer wanda atom ɗin hydrogen akan rukunin glucose mai anhydrous na cellulose ana maye gurbinsu da alkyl ko ƙungiyoyin alkyl da aka maye gurbinsu. A kan sarkar cellulose polymerization. Kowace rukunin glucose mai anhydrous yana da ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl guda uku waɗanda zasu iya shiga cikin abin idan an maye gurbinsu gaba ɗaya. Darajar DS ita ce 3, kuma matakin maye gurbin samfuran kasuwancin da ake samu daga 0.4 zuwa 2.8. Kuma idan aka maye gurbinsa da alkenyl oxide, zai iya samar da sabon rukunin hydroxyl wanda za a iya maye gurbinsa da kungiyar hydroxyl alkyl, don haka ya zama sarka. Adadin kowane glucose olefin oxide anhydrous an ayyana shi azaman lambar maye gurbin molar (MS) na fili. Muhimman kaddarorin ether na ether na kasuwanci sun dogara ne akan ƙwayar ƙwanƙwasa, tsarin sinadarai, rarraba madadin, DS da MS na cellulose. Wadannan kaddarorin yawanci sun haɗa da solubility, danko a cikin bayani, aikin farfajiya, kaddarorin thermoplastic da kwanciyar hankali akan biodegradation, raguwar thermal da iskar shaka. Dankowar da ke cikin bayani ya bambanta bisa ga yawan adadin kwayoyin halitta.

Cellulose ether yana da nau'i biyu: daya shine nau'in ionic, irin su carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) da polyanionic cellulose (PAC); Sauran nau'in ba ion ba ne, kamar methyl cellulose (MC), ethyl cellulose (EC),hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) da sauransu.

1.2 Amfani

1.2.1 CMC

CMC shine anionic polyelectrolyte mai narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi da ruwan sanyi. Samfurin da aka fi amfani da shi yana da kewayon DS na 0.65 ~ 0.85 da kewayon danko na 10 ~ 4 500 mPa. s. Ana sayar da shi a maki uku: babban tsabta, tsaka-tsaki da masana'antu. Mafi kyawun samfurori sun fi 99.5% tsarki, yayin da tsaka-tsakin tsafta ya fi 96%. Babban tsarki CMC ana kiransa danko cellulose sau da yawa, ana iya amfani dashi a cikin abinci azaman stabilizer, wakili mai kauri da wakili mai laushi kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin magani da samfuran kulawa na sirri azaman wakili mai kauri, emulsifier da wakili mai kula da danko, ana kuma amfani da samar da mai a cikin babban tsarki. CMC. Ana amfani da samfuran tsaka-tsaki a cikin nau'ikan yadudduka da masu yin takarda, sauran abubuwan amfani sun haɗa da adhesives, yumbu, fentin latex da rigar tushe. Matsayin masana'antu CMC ya ƙunshi fiye da 25% sodium chloride da sodium oxyacetic acid, wanda a baya aka yi amfani da shi wajen samar da wanki da masana'antu tare da ƙananan buƙatun tsabta. Saboda kyakkyawan aiki da fa'idar amfani da shi, amma kuma a cikin ci gaba da haɓaka sabbin filayen aikace-aikacen, hasashen kasuwa yana da fa'ida sosai, babban yuwuwar.

1.2.2 Nonionic cellulose ether

Yana nufin nau'in ethers cellulose da abubuwan da suka samo asali waɗanda ba su ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin da ba za a iya raba su ba a cikin sassan tsarin su. Suna da mafi kyawun aiki fiye da samfuran ether na ionic a cikin thickening, emulsification, samar da fim, kariyar colloid, riƙewar danshi, mannewa, rashin hankali da sauransu. An yi amfani da shi sosai don amfani da filin mai, rufin latex, amsawar polymerization, kayan gini, sinadarai na yau da kullun, abinci, magunguna, yin takarda, bugu da rini da sauran sassan masana'antu.

Methyl cellulose da manyan abubuwan da suka samo asali. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose da hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ne nonionic. Dukansu suna narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi amma ba cikin ruwan zafi ba. Lokacin da maganin su na ruwa yana mai tsanani zuwa 40 ~ 70 ℃, abin da ke faruwa na gel ya bayyana. Yanayin zafin jiki wanda ke faruwa na gelation ya dogara da nau'in gel, ƙaddamar da maganin, da kuma matakin da aka ƙara wasu ƙarin. Alamar gel tana jujjuyawa.

(1) HPMC da MC. Amfani da MCS da HPMCS ya bambanta dangane da matakin: ana amfani da maki masu kyau a abinci da magani; Daidaitaccen darajar da ake samu a cikin fenti da mai cire fenti, siminti na bond. Adhesives da hakar mai. A cikin ether ɗin cellulose marasa ionic, MC da HPMC sune mafi girman buƙatun kasuwa.

Bangaren gine-gine shine mafi girman mabukaci na HPMC/MC, wanda akasari ana amfani da shi don gida, shafe saman ƙasa, manna tayal da ƙari ga turmi siminti. Musamman, a cikin turmi siminti da aka haɗe tare da ƙaramin adadin HPMC na iya yin ɗanko, riƙe ruwa, jinkirin coagulation da tasirin zubar jini. Babu shakka inganta turmi siminti, turmi, m Properties, daskarewa juriya da zafi juriya da tensile da karfi ƙarfi. Don haka inganta aikin ginin kayan gini. Haɓaka ingancin gini da ingancin ginin injiniyoyi. A halin yanzu, HPMC ita ce kawai samfuran ether cellulose da ake amfani da su wajen ginin kayan rufewa.

Ana iya amfani da HPMC azaman abubuwan haɓaka magunguna, kamar wakili mai kauri, mai watsawa, emulsifier da wakilin ƙirƙirar fim. Ana iya amfani dashi azaman suturar fim da manne akan allunan, wanda zai iya inganta haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta sosai. Kuma zai iya haɓaka juriya na ruwa na allunan. Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi azaman wakili na dakatarwa, shirye-shiryen ido, jinkirin da sarrafa kwarangwal na wakili da kwamfutar hannu mai iyo.

A cikin masana'antar sinadarai, HPMC mataimaki ne don shirya PVC ta hanyar dakatarwa. An yi amfani da shi don kare colloid, haɓaka ƙarfin dakatarwa, inganta siffar nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in PVC; A cikin samar da coatings, MC da ake amfani da thickener, dispersant da stabilizer, kamar fim kafa wakili, thickener, emulsifier da stabilizer a cikin latex coatings da ruwa mai narkewa guduro coatings, sabõda haka, da shafi fim yana da kyau lalacewa juriya, uniform shafi da kuma adhesion, da kuma inganta yanayin tashin hankali da kwanciyar hankali na pH, da kuma dacewa da kayan launi na karfe.

(2) EC, HEC da CMHEM. EC fari ne, mara wari, marar launi, ɓangarorin da ba mai guba ba ne wanda yawanci ke narkar da su a cikin kaushi na halitta kawai. Samfuran da ake samu na kasuwanci sun zo cikin jeri na DS guda biyu, 2.2 zuwa 2.3 da 2.4 zuwa 2.6. Abubuwan da ke cikin rukunin ethoxy suna shafar kaddarorin thermodynamic da kwanciyar hankali na thermal na EC. EC yana narkar da a cikin adadi mai yawa na kaushi na halitta akan kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi kuma yana da ƙarancin kunna wuta. Ana iya yin EC ta zama resin, m, tawada, varnish, fim da samfuran filastik. Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC) yana da lambar maye gurbin hydroxymethyl kusa da 0.3, kuma kaddarorinsa suna kama da EC. Amma kuma yana narkar da shi a cikin arha mai kaushi na hydrocarbon (kananzir mara wari) kuma ana amfani da shi musamman a kayan shafa da tawada.

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) yana samuwa a cikin ko dai ruwa - ko samfuran mai-mai narkewa tare da kewayon danko mai faɗi sosai. Its wadanda ba ionic ruwa mai soluble a cikin zafi da sanyi ruwa, yana da fadi kewayon kasuwanci aikace-aikace, yafi amfani a cikin latex Paint, mai hakar da polymerization emulsion, amma kuma za a iya amfani da a matsayin adhesives, adhesives, kayan shafawa da kuma Pharmaceutical Additives.

Carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEM) wani abu ne na hydroxyethyl cellulose. Dangane da CMC, ba shi da sauƙi a ajiye shi ta hanyar gishirin ƙarfe mai nauyi, wanda akasari ana amfani da shi wajen hako mai da kayan wanke-wanke.

2. Duniya cellulose ether kasuwa

A halin yanzu, yawan ƙarfin samar da ether na cellulose a duniya ya wuce 900,000 t / a. Kasuwar ether ta cellulose ta duniya ta zarce dala biliyan 3.1 a shekara ta 2006. Babban jarin kasuwar MC, CMC da HEC da abubuwan da suka samo asali sun kasance 32%, 32% da 16%, bi da bi. Darajar kasuwar MC iri daya ce da ta CMC.

Bayan shekaru na ci gaba, kasuwar cellulose ether a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba ta girma sosai, kuma har yanzu kasuwannin kasashe masu tasowa na ci gaba da bunkasa, don haka zai zama babban abin da zai haifar da karuwar amfani da ether a duniya a nan gaba. . Ƙarfin CMC na yanzu a Amurka shine 24,500 t / a, kuma yawan ƙarfin sauran ether cellulose shine 74,200 t / a, tare da jimlar 98,700 t / a. A shekara ta 2006, samar da ether na cellulose a Amurka ya kasance game da 90,600 t, samar da CMC ya kasance 18,100 t, kuma samar da sauran ether cellulose shine 72,500 t. Abubuwan da aka shigo da su sun kai ton 48,100, ana fitar da tan 37,500, kuma abin da ake amfani da shi ya kai tan 101,200. Amfanin Cellulose a Yammacin Turai ya kai ton 197,000 a cikin 2006 kuma ana sa ran zai ci gaba da haɓaka ƙimar 1% na shekara a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa. Turai ita ce mafi yawan masu amfani da ether na cellulose a duniya, wanda ke da kashi 39% na jimlar duniya, sai Asiya da Arewacin Amirka. CMC shine babban nau'in amfani, yana lissafin kashi 56% na yawan amfani, sannan methyl cellulose ether da hydroxyethyl cellulose ether suka biyo baya, suna lissafin 27% da 12% na jimlar, bi da bi. Matsakaicin ci gaban ether na cellulose a kowace shekara ana sa ran zai ci gaba da kasancewa a kashi 4.2% daga shekarar 2006 zuwa 2011. A Asiya, ana sa ran Japan za ta ci gaba da kasancewa cikin mummunan yanki, yayin da ake sa ran kasar Sin za ta ci gaba da samun bunkasuwa na kashi 9%. Arewacin Amurka da Turai, waɗanda ke da mafi yawan amfani, za su yi girma da 2.6% da 2.1%, bi da bi.

3. Halin da ake ciki yanzu da kuma ci gaban masana'antar CMC

Kasuwancin CMC ya kasu kashi uku: na farko, matsakaici da kuma mai ladabi. Kasuwar kayayyakin farko ta CMC tana karkashin ikon wasu kamfanoni ne na kasar Sin, sai kuma CP Kelco da Amtex da Akzo Nobel da ke da kashi 15 cikin 100 da kashi 14 cikin 100 da kuma kashi 9 cikin 100 na kasuwanni. CP Kelco da Hercules/Aqualon suna lissafin kashi 28% da 17% na ingantaccen darajar CMC kasuwa, bi da bi. A cikin 2006, 69% na shigarwar CMC suna aiki a duniya.

3.1 Amurka

Ƙarfin samar da CMC na yanzu a Amurka shine 24,500 t/a. A cikin 2006, ikon samar da CMC a Amurka shine 18,100 t. Manyan masu samarwa sune Kamfanin Hercules/Aqualon da Kamfanin Penn Carbose, tare da ikon samar da 20,000 t/a da 4,500 t/a, bi da bi. A cikin 2006, abubuwan da Amurka suka shigo da su sun kasance ton 26,800, suna fitar da tan 4,200, kuma abin da ake amfani da shi ya kai ton 40,700. Ana sa ran zai yi girma a matsakaicin adadin shekara na kashi 1.8 cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa kuma ana sa ran amfanin zai kai tan 45,000 a shekarar 2011.

Ana amfani da CMC mai tsabta (99.5%) galibi a cikin abinci, magunguna da samfuran kulawa na sirri, kuma gaurayawan tsafta mai tsayi da matsakaici (fiye da 96%) ana amfani da su a cikin masana'antar takarda. Kayayyakin farko (65% ~ 85%) ana amfani da su ne a masana'antar wanki, sauran hannun jarin kasuwa kuwa sune filayen mai, masaku da sauransu.

3.2 Yammacin Turai

A cikin 2006, Yammacin Turai CMC yana da damar 188,000 t / a, samar da 154,000 t, yawan aiki na 82%, ƙarar fitarwa na 58,000 t da shigo da girma na 4,000 t. A Yammacin Turai, inda gasar ke da zafi, kamfanoni da yawa suna rufe masana'antun da ba su da aiki, musamman ma masu samar da kayayyaki na farko, da kuma kara yawan aiki na sauran sassan su. Bayan na zamani, manyan samfuran sune CMC mai ladabi da samfuran CMC na farko masu ƙima. Yammacin Turai ita ce babbar kasuwar ether ta cellulose a duniya kuma mafi girma mai fitar da net na CMC da ether maras-ionic cellulose. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kasuwannin Yammacin Turai sun shiga cikin tudu, kuma haɓakar haɓakar ether cellulose yana iyakance.

A cikin 2006, amfani da CMC a Yammacin Turai ya kasance ton 102,000, tare da ƙimar amfani da kusan dala miliyan 275. Ana sa ran za ta ci gaba da samun ci gaba na shekara-shekara na 1% a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa.

3.3 Japan

A shekarar 2005, Shikoku Chemical Company ya dakatar da samar da shi a masana'antar Tokushima kuma yanzu kamfanin yana shigo da kayayyakin CMC daga kasar. A cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata, jimlar ƙarfin CMC a Japan ya kasance bai canza ba, kuma ƙimar aiki na maki daban-daban na samfuran da layin samarwa sun bambanta. Ƙarfin samfurori masu ladabi ya karu, yana lissafin kashi 90% na yawan ƙarfin CMC.

Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga samarwa da buƙatun CMC a Japan a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, adadin samfuran da aka gyara suna karuwa a kowace shekara, wanda ya kai kashi 89% na jimlar fitarwa a cikin 2006, wanda galibi ana danganta shi da buƙatun kasuwa na haɓaka. samfurori masu tsabta. A halin yanzu, manyan masana'antun duk suna samar da samfurori na ƙayyadaddun bayanai daban-daban, adadin fitarwa na CMC na Japan yana ƙaruwa sannu a hankali, an kiyasta kusan kusan rabin adadin abubuwan da aka fitar, galibi ana fitar dashi zuwa Amurka, babban yankin kasar Sin, Taiwan, Thailand da Indonesia . Tare da bukatu mai karfi daga bangaren farfado da mai a duniya, wannan yanayin fitar da man zai ci gaba da bunkasa cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa.

4,Matsayin masana'antar cellulose ba na ionic ba da yanayin ci gaba

Samar da MC da HEC yana da ɗan taƙaitaccen bayani, tare da masana'antun uku suna mamaye kashi 90% na kasuwar kasuwa. Samar da HEC shine mafi yawan mayar da hankali, tare da Hercules da Dow suna lissafin fiye da 65% na kasuwa, kuma yawancin masana'antun ether cellulose sun mayar da hankali a cikin jeri ɗaya ko biyu. Hercules/Aqualon ya kera layin samfura guda uku da HPC da EC. A cikin 2006, ƙimar aiki na duniya na MC da HEC ya kasance 73% da 89%, bi da bi.

4.1 Amurka

Dow Wolff Celluosies da Hercules/Aqualon, manyan masu samar da ether da ba na ionic cellulose ba a cikin Amurka, suna da ƙarfin samar da jimlar 78,200 t/a. Samar da nonionic cellulose ether a Amurka a 2006 ya kasance game da 72,500 t.

Nonionic cellulose ether amfani a Amurka a 2006 ya kusan 60,500 t. Daga cikin su, cin MC da abubuwan da ake amfani da su sun kai ton 30,500, kuma amfanin HEC ya kai ton 24,900.

4.1.1 MC/HPMC

A cikin Amurka, Dow ne kawai ke kera MC/HPMC tare da ƙarfin samarwa na 28,600 t/a. Akwai raka'a biyu, 15,000 t/a da 13,600 t/a bi da bi. Tare da samar da kusan 20,000 t a cikin 2006, Dow Chemical yana riƙe da mafi girman kaso na kasuwar gine-gine, bayan da ya haɗu da Dow Wolff Cellulosics a cikin 2007. Ya haɓaka kasuwancinsa a cikin kasuwar gine-gine.

A halin yanzu, kasuwar MC/HPMC a Amurka ta cika da gaske. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, haɓakar kasuwa yana da ɗan jinkiri. A cikin 2003, amfani shine 25,100 t, kuma a cikin 2006, amfani shine 30,500 t, wanda 60% ana amfani da samfuran a cikin masana'antar gini, game da 16,500 t.

Masana'antu irin su gini da abinci da magunguna sune manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban kasuwar MC/HPMC a cikin Amurka, yayin da buƙatun masana'antar polymer ba za ta canza ba.

4.1.2 HEC da CMHEC

A cikin 2006, yawan amfani da HEC da abin da ake samu na carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC) a cikin Amurka shine 24,900 t. Ana sa ran amfani zai yi girma a matsakaicin adadin shekara na 1.8% ta 2011.

4.2 Yammacin Turai

Yammacin Turai yana matsayi na farko a cikin ikon samar da ether na cellulose a duniya, kuma shine yankin da ya fi yawan samarwa da amfani da MC/HPMC. A cikin 2006, tallace-tallace na Yammacin Turai MCS da abubuwan da suka samo asali (HEMCs da HPMCS) da HECs da EHEC sun kasance dala miliyan 419 da dala miliyan 166, bi da bi. A cikin 2004, ƙarfin samar da ether maras ionic cellulose a Yammacin Turai shine 160,000 t / a. A shekara ta 2007, abin da aka fitar ya kai 184,000 t/a, kuma abin da aka fitar ya kai 159,000 t. Yawan shigo da kaya ya kai 20,000 t kuma adadin fitarwa ya kai 85,000 t. Its iya aiki na MC/HPMC ya kai kusan 100,000 t/a.

Yawan amfani da cellulose da ba na ionic ba a Yammacin Turai ya kai ton 95,000 a shekarar 2006. Jimlar tallace-tallacen ya kai dalar Amurka miliyan 600, kuma amfanin MC da abubuwan da suka samo asali, HEC, EHEC da HPC sun kai 67,000 t, 26,000 t da 2,000 t, bi da bi. Matsakaicin adadin da ake amfani da shi shine dalar Amurka miliyan 419, dalar Amurka miliyan 166 da dalar Amurka miliyan 15, kuma za a kiyaye matsakaicin ci gaban shekara da kusan kashi 2% cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa. A cikin 2011, yawan amfani da ether na cellulose maras ionic a Yammacin Turai zai kai 105,000 t.

Kasuwar amfani da MC/HPMC a Yammacin Turai ta shiga cikin tudu, don haka yawan ci gaban ether na cellulose a Yammacin Turai yana da iyaka a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Yawan amfani da MC da abubuwan da suka samo asali a Yammacin Turai shine 62,000 t a cikin 2003 da 67,000 t a cikin 2006, yana lissafin kusan kashi 34% na yawan amfani da ether cellulose. Babban bangaren amfani kuma shine masana'antar gine-gine.

4.3 Japan

Shin-yue Chemical shine babban masana'anta na methyl cellulose da abubuwan da suka samo asali na duniya. A cikin 2003 ta sami Clariant na Jamus; A shekara ta 2005 ta fadada masana'antar ta Naoetsu daga 20,000 L/a zuwa 23,000 t/a. A cikin 2006, Shin-Yue ya faɗaɗa ƙarfin ether na cellulose na SE Tulose daga 26,000 t / aa zuwa 40,000 t / a, kuma yanzu yawan ƙarfin shekara-shekara na kasuwancin ether na Shin-Yue a duk duniya yana kusan 63,000 t / a. A cikin Maris 2007, Shin-etsu ya dakatar da samar da abubuwan da ake samu na cellulose a masana'antar ta Naoetsu saboda fashewa. An ci gaba da samarwa a cikin Mayu 2007. Shin-etsu yana shirin siyan MC don kayan gini daga Dow da sauran masu ba da kayayyaki lokacin da duk abubuwan da suka samo asali na cellulose ke samuwa a shuka.

A cikin 2006, jimillar samar da ether na cellulose na Japan banda CMC ya kai kimanin 19,900 t. Samar da MC, HPMC da HEMC ya kai kashi 85% na yawan samarwa. Yawan amfanin MC da HEC ya kasance 1.69 t da 2 100 t, bi da bi. A cikin 2006, jimlar yawan amfani da nonionic cellulose ether a Japan shine 11,400 t. Sakamakon MC da HEC shine 8500t da 2000t bi da bi.

5,kasuwar ether cellulose na gida

5.1 Ƙarfin samarwa

Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi girma a duniya wajen samar da kayayyaki da masu amfani da CMC, tare da masana'antun sama da 30 da matsakaicin haɓakar kayan sarrafawa na shekara-shekara fiye da 20%. A shekarar 2007, karfin samar da CMC na kasar Sin ya kai kimanin 180,000 t/a, kuma adadin da aka samu ya kai 65,000 ~ 70,000 t. Kamfanin CMC ya kai kusan kashi 85% na jimillar, kuma ana amfani da kayayyakinsa musamman wajen yin sutura, sarrafa abinci da kuma hakar danyen mai. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, buƙatun gida na sauran samfuran ether cellulose ban da CMC yana ƙaruwa. Musamman, masana'antar harhada magunguna suna buƙatar HPMC da MC masu inganci.

Binciken da haɓakawa da samar da masana'antu na nonionic cellulose ether sun fara ne a cikin 1965. Babban sashin bincike da ci gaba shine Cibiyar Bincike da Ƙira ta Wuxi. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, bincike da ci gaban HPMC a Luzhou Chemical Shuka da Hui 'an Chemical Shuka sun sami ci gaba cikin sauri. Binciken da aka yi ya nuna cewa, a cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, bukatun HPMC a kasarmu yana karuwa da kashi 15% a kowace shekara, kuma akasarin kayayyakin sarrafa HPMC a kasarmu an kafa su ne a shekarun 1980 da 1990. Luzhou Chemical Shuka Tianpu Fine Chemical ya fara bincike da haɓaka HPMC a farkon shekarun 1980, kuma a hankali ya canza kuma ya haɓaka daga ƙananan na'urori. A farkon 1999, HPMC da MC na'urorin da aka samar da jimillar iya aiki na 1400 t / a, da samfurin ingancin ya kai ga kasa da kasa matakin. A 2002, kasar mu MC / HPMC samar iya aiki ne game da 4500 t / a, matsakaicin samar iya aiki na daya shuka ne 1400 t / a, wanda aka gina da kuma sanya a cikin aiki a 2001 a Luzhou North Chemical Industry Co., LTD. Hercules Temple Chemical Co., Ltd. yana da Luzhou Arewa a Luzhou da Suzhou Temple a Zhangjiagang samar da sansanonin biyu, da samar da damar methyl cellulose ether kai 18 000 t / a. A 2005, da fitarwa na MC/HPMC ne game da 8 000 t, da kuma babban samar sha'anin ne Shandong Ruitai Chemical Co., LTD. A cikin 2006, jimillar iya aiki na MC/HPMC a cikin ƙasarmu ya kai kusan 61,000 t/a, kuma ƙarfin samar da HEC ya kai 12,000 t/a. Yawancin fara samarwa a cikin 2006. Akwai fiye da 20 masana'antun na MC/HPMC. HEMC. Jimlar samar da nonionic cellulose ether a 2006 ya kasance game da 30-40,000 t. Samar da cikin gida na ether cellulose ya fi tarwatsewa, kamfanonin samar da ether cellulose na yanzu har zuwa 50 ko makamancin haka.

5.2 Amfani

A cikin 2005, yawan amfani da MC/HPMC a kasar Sin ya kusan 9 000 t, galibi a cikin samar da polymer da masana'antar gini. Amfani da nonionic cellulose ether a 2006 ya kasance game da 36,000 t.

5.2.1 Kayan gini

Ana ƙara MC/HPMC akan siminti, turmi da turmi a ƙasashen waje don haɓaka ingancin gini da inganci. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da ci gaban kasuwar gine-ginen cikin gida, musamman karuwar gine-gine masu daraja. Ƙara yawan buƙatun kayan gini masu inganci ya haɓaka haɓakar amfani da MC/HPMC. A halin yanzu, MC/HPMC na cikin gida an fi saka shi a cikin bangon tile manne foda, gypsum grade bango mai gogewa, gypsum caulking putty da sauran kayan. A cikin 2006, yawan amfani da MC/HPMC a cikin masana'antar gine-gine ya kasance 10 000 t, wanda ya kai kashi 30% na yawan amfanin gida. Tare da bunƙasa kasuwar gine-ginen cikin gida, musamman ma haɓaka darajar gine-ginen injiniyoyi, da kuma inganta abubuwan da ake buƙata na gine-gine, yawan amfani da MC/HPMC a fagen gine-gine zai ci gaba da karuwa, kuma ana sa ran amfani da shi. don isa fiye da 15 000 t a 2010.

5.2.2 Polyvinyl chloride

Samar da PVC ta hanyar dakatarwa shine yanki na biyu mafi girma na amfani da MC/HPMC. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da hanyar dakatarwa don samar da PVC, tsarin watsawa yana rinjayar ingancin samfurin polymer da samfurin da ya ƙare. Ƙara ƙaramin adadin HPMC zai iya sarrafa daidaitaccen girman girman rabo na tsarin watsawa da haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na thermal na guduro. Gabaɗaya, adadin ƙari shine 0.03% -0.05% na fitowar PVC. A 2005, da kasa fitarwa na polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ya 6.492 miliyan t, wanda dakatar Hanyar lissafin 88%, da kuma HPMC amfani ne game da 2 000 t. Bisa ga ci gaban da aka samu na samar da PVC na cikin gida, ana sa ran samar da PVC zai kai fiye da miliyan 10 a cikin 2010. Tsarin dakatarwa na polymerization yana da sauƙi, mai sauƙin sarrafawa, kuma mai sauƙi ga samar da manyan sikelin. Samfurin yana da halaye na daidaitawa mai ƙarfi, wanda shine babban fasahar samar da PVC a nan gaba, don haka adadin HPMC a fagen polymerization zai ci gaba da ƙaruwa, ana tsammanin adadin zai kasance kusan 3 000 t a cikin 2010.

5.2.3 Fenti, kayan abinci da magunguna

Rufewa da samar da abinci/magunguna suma mahimman wuraren amfani ga MC/HPMC. Amfanin gida shine 900 t da 800 t bi da bi. Bugu da kari, sinadarai na yau da kullun, adhesives da sauransu suma suna cinye adadin adadin MC/HPMC. A nan gaba, buƙatar MC/HPMC a cikin waɗannan filayen aikace-aikacen za ta ci gaba da ƙaruwa.

Bisa ga bincike na sama. A cikin 2010, jimillar bukatar MC/HPMC a kasar Sin za ta kai 30 000 t.

5.3 Shigo da Fitarwa

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da saurin bunkasuwar tattalin arzikinmu da samar da ether cellulose, masana'antun cinikin ether na shigo da kayayyaki suna karuwa cikin sauri, kuma saurin fitar da kayayyaki ya zarce saurin shigo da kayayyaki.

Saboda babban ingancin HPMC da MC da masana'antar harhada magunguna ke buƙata ba za su iya biyan buƙatun kasuwa ba, don haka tare da buƙatun kasuwa don haɓakar haɓakar ether mai inganci, matsakaicin haɓakar shekara-shekara na shigo da ether cellulose ya kai kusan 36% daga 2000 zuwa 2007. Kafin 2003, kasar mu m ba fitarwa cellulose ether kayayyakin. Tun 2004, fitar da ether cellulose ya wuce l000 t a karon farko. Daga 2004 zuwa 2007, matsakaicin yawan ci gaban shekara ya kasance 10%. A cikin 2007, yawan fitarwar da ake fitarwa ya zarce adadin shigo da kayayyaki, daga cikinsu samfuran da ake fitarwa sun fi ionic cellulose ether.

6. Binciken gasar masana'antu da shawarwarin ci gaba

6.1 Binciken abubuwan gasar masana'antu

6.1.1 Raw Materials

Samar da ether na Cellulose na farko babban albarkatun ƙasa shine ɓangaren litattafan almara, farashinsa na haɓaka farashin sake zagayowar, yana nuna yanayin masana'antu da buƙatar ɓangaren litattafan almara. Na biyu mafi girma tushen cellulose shine lint. Tushensa yana da ɗan tasiri akan zagayowar masana'antu. An ƙaddara shi ne ta hanyar girbin auduga. Samar da ether cellulose yana cinye ƙananan ɓangaren litattafan almara fiye da sauran samfuran sinadarai, kamar fiber acetate da fiber viscose. Ga masana'antun, farashin albarkatun kasa shine babbar barazana ga girma.

6.1.2 Bukatun

Yawan amfani da ether na cellulose a cikin wuraren amfani da yawa kamar su wanki, sutura, samfuran gini da wakilai masu kula da mai ya kai ƙasa da 50% na jimlar ether cellulose. Sauran sassan mabukaci sun rabu. Amfani da ether na Cellulose yana lissafin ɗan ƙaramin rabo na amfani da albarkatun ƙasa a waɗannan yankuna. Sabili da haka, waɗannan kamfanoni na ƙarshe ba su da niyyar samar da ether cellulose sai dai su saya daga kasuwa. Barazanar kasuwa ya samo asali ne daga madadin kayan aiki tare da ayyuka iri ɗaya kamar ether cellulose.

6.1.3 Samfura

Shingayen shigar CMC na masana'antu ya yi ƙasa da na HEC da MC, amma CMC mai ladabi yana da shingen shigarwa mafi girma da fasahar samarwa mai rikitarwa. Matsalolin fasaha don shiga cikin samar da HECs da MCS sun fi girma, yana haifar da ƙarancin masu samar da waɗannan samfuran. Dabarun samarwa na HECs da MCS sirri ne sosai. Bukatun sarrafa tsari suna da rikitarwa sosai. Masu samarwa za su iya samar da nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban na HEC da MC.

6.1.4 Sabbin masu fafatawa

Ƙirƙira yana samar da samfurori da yawa kuma farashin muhalli yana da yawa. sabon t/a shuka 10,000 zai kashe dala miliyan 90 zuwa dala miliyan 130. A Amurka, Yammacin Turai da Japan. Kasuwancin ether na Cellulose yawanci yana da ƙarancin tattalin arziki fiye da sake saka hannun jari. A cikin kasuwannin da ake da su. Sabbin masana'antu ba su da gasa. Sai dai a kasarmu jarin ya yi kadan kuma kasuwarmu ta cikin gida tana da kyakkyawan fata na ci gaba. Tare da ci gaban fasaha. Zuba jari a cikin ginin kayan aiki yana ƙaruwa. Don haka ya zama babban shingen tattalin arziki ga sabbin masu shiga. Hatta masana'antun da ke akwai suna buƙatar faɗaɗa samarwa idan yanayi ya yarda.

Zuba jari a cikin R&D don HECs da MCS dole ne a kiyaye su don haɓaka sabbin abubuwan haɓakawa da sabbin aikace-aikace. Saboda da ethylene da propylene oxides. Masana'antar samar da ita tana da haɗari mafi girma. Kuma fasahar samar da kayan aikin CMC na masana'antu yana samuwa. Kuma in mun gwada da sauki saka hannun jari bakin kofa ne m. Samar da ma'auni mai ladabi yana buƙatar babban jari da fasaha mai rikitarwa.

6.1.5 Tsarin gasar a halin yanzu a kasarmu

Lamarin gasa mara kyau kuma yana wanzuwa a masana'antar ether cellulose. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran ayyukan sinadarai. Cellulose ether karamin zuba jari ne. Lokacin gini gajere ne. An yi amfani da shi sosai. Halin da ake ciki na kasuwa a halin yanzu yana ƙarfafawa, saboda haɓakar rashin daidaituwa na al'amuran masana'antu ya fi tsanani. Ribar masana'antu na faduwa. Kodayake adadin aiki na CMC na yanzu yana da karɓa. Amma yayin da ake ci gaba da fitar da sabon iya aiki. Gasar kasuwa za ta ƙara yin zafi.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Saboda rashin karfin gida. Fitowar CMC 13 ya kiyaye saurin girma. Amma a wannan shekara, raguwar raguwar harajin harajin da aka yi wa fitarwa, ƙimar RMB ya sa ribar fitar da kayayyaki ta ragu. Saboda haka, ƙarfafa canji na fasaha. Inganta ingancin samfura da fitar da kayayyaki masu inganci shine babban fifikon masana'antar. Ana kwatanta masana'antun ether na kasarmu da kasashen waje. Ba karamin kasuwanci bane, ko da yake. Amma rashin ci gaban masana'antu, canjin kasuwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen jagorantar masana'antu. Ya zuwa wani lokaci, ya kawo cikas ga saka hannun jarin masana'antu wajen inganta fasahar kere-kere.

6.2 Shawarwari

(1) Haɓaka bincike mai zaman kansa da ƙoƙarin ƙirƙira don haɓaka sabbin iri. Ionic cellulose ether yana wakilta ta CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose). Yana da dogon tarihin ci gaba. A ƙarƙashin ci gaba da haɓaka buƙatun kasuwa. Nonionic cellulose ether kayayyakin sun fito a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Nuna ƙarfin girma mai ƙarfi. Ingancin samfuran ether cellulose an ƙaddara ta hanyar tsabta. Na duniya. Cibiyar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka da sauran cikakkun buƙatun samfuran samfuran CMC yakamata su kasance sama da 99.5%. A halin yanzu, abin da aka fitar na kasarmu CMC ya kai kashi 1/3 na abin da ake fitarwa a duniya. Amma ingancin samfurin ba shi da ƙasa, 1: 1 galibi samfuran ƙarancin ƙarewa ne, ƙarancin ƙara darajar. CMC yana fitar da kayayyaki fiye da shigo da kaya kowace shekara. Amma jimillar ƙimar ɗaya ce. Nonionic cellulose ethers kuma suna da ƙarancin yawan aiki. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka samarwa da haɓakar nonionic cellulose ether. Yanzu. Kamfanonin kasashen waje suna zuwa kasarmu domin hada kamfanoni da gina masana'antu. Ya kamata kasarmu ta yi amfani da damar ci gaba don inganta matakin samarwa da ingancin kayayyaki. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Bukatar gida don sauran samfuran ether cellulose ban da CMC yana ƙaruwa. Musamman masana'antar harhada magunguna suna buƙatar HPMC mai inganci kuma MC har yanzu yana buƙatar takamaiman adadin shigo da kaya. Ya kamata a tsara ci gaba da samarwa.

(2) Inganta matakin fasaha na kayan aiki. Matsayin kayan aikin injiniya na tsarin tsaftace gida yana da ƙasa. Da gaske yana taƙaita ci gaban masana'antu. Babban ƙazanta a cikin samfurin shine sodium chloride. Kafin. Tripod centrifuge ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin ƙasarmu. Tsarin tsarkakewa shine aiki na wucin gadi, babban ƙarfin aiki, yawan amfani da makamashi. Hakanan ingancin samfur yana da wahalar haɓakawa. Ƙungiyar masana'antar ether ta cellulose ta ƙasa ta fara magance matsalar a cikin 2003. An sami sakamako mai ƙarfafawa yanzu. Tsaftar wasu samfuran kasuwanci ya kai fiye da 99.5%. Bugu da kari. Akwai tazara tsakanin digiri na atomatik na dukkan layin samarwa da na ƙasashen waje. Ana ba da shawarar yin la'akari da haɗuwa da kayan aikin waje da kayan gida. Maɓallin hanyar haɗin yanar gizo mai goyan bayan kayan shigo da kaya. Don inganta aiki da kai na samar da layin. Idan aka kwatanta da samfuran ionic, ether wanda ba na ionic cellulose ba yana buƙatar matakin fasaha mafi girma. Yana da gaggawa don karya ta hanyar shingen fasaha na tsarin samarwa da aikace-aikace.

(3) Kula da abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli da albarkatu. Wannan shekarar ita ce shekarar ceton makamashi da rage fitar da hayaki. Yana da matukar muhimmanci ga ci gaban masana'antu don magance matsalar albarkatun muhalli daidai. Najasa da aka fitar daga masana'antar ether cellulose galibi ruwan zafi ne mai narkewa, wanda ke da babban abun ciki na gishiri da babban COD. An fi son hanyoyin biochemical.

A kasar mu. Babban albarkatun kasa don samar da ether cellulose shine auduga ulu. Auduga ya kasance sharar noma kafin shekarun 1980, yin amfani da shi don samar da ether cellulose shine ya mayar da sharar gida masana'antar taska. Duk da haka. Tare da saurin haɓakar fiber viscose da sauran masana'antu. Raw auduga short karammiski ya dade ya zama taska na taska. An saita buƙatu zuwa sama da wadata. Kamata ya yi a karfafa wa kamfanoni gwiwa su shigo da tarkacen itace daga kasashen waje kamar Rasha, Brazil da Kanada. Domin rage rikicin karuwar karancin kayan masarufi, an maye gurbin ulun auduga a wani bangare.