Cellulose ether yana amfani da busassun turmi gauraye

Abubuwan da ke tattare da ethers guda ɗaya na cellulose da yawa da kuma gaurayewar ethers a cikin busassun busassun turmi a kan riƙewar ruwa da kauri, ruwa, aiki, tasirin iska, da ƙarfin busassun busassun turmi ana bita. Yana da kyau fiye da guda ether; jagorancin ci gaba na aikace-aikacen ether cellulose a cikin busassun busassun busassun busassun ana sa ran.

Mabuɗin kalmomi:ether cellulose; busassun busassun turmi; guda ether; hade ether

Turmi na gargajiya yana da matsaloli kamar tsagewa cikin sauƙi, zub da jini, rashin aikin yi, gurɓataccen muhalli, da dai sauransu, kuma a hankali za a maye gurbinsu da busassun turmi. Turmi-busashe, wanda kuma aka sani da busassun turmi, busasshen busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun turmi, busassun busassun turmi, turmi-busasshen turmi, turmi ne da aka gama gamawa ba tare da hada ruwa ba. Cellulose ether yana da kyawawan kaddarorin irin su thickening, emulsification, dakatarwa, samar da fim, colloid mai karewa, riƙe da danshi, da mannewa, kuma yana da mahimmancin haɗuwa a cikin busassun busassun turmi.

Wannan takarda ta gabatar da fa'idodi, rashin amfani da haɓaka haɓakar ether cellulose a cikin aikace-aikacen busassun busassun turmi.

1. Halayen busassun turmi mai gauraya

Dangane da bukatun ginin, za a iya amfani da turmi mai busasshiyar bayan an auna daidai kuma a gauraya shi sosai a cikin taron samar da kayayyaki, sannan a hada shi da ruwa a wurin aikin bisa ga kayyade adadin siminti na ruwa. Idan aka kwatanta da turmi na gargajiya, busasshiyar turmi mai gauraya tana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:①Kyakkyawan inganci, busassun busassun turmi ana samar da su bisa ga dabarar kimiyya, sarrafa kansa mai girma, haɗe tare da abubuwan da suka dace don tabbatar da cewa samfurin zai iya biyan buƙatun inganci na musamman;②Bambance-bambance masu yawa, ana iya samar da turmi daban-daban na aikin bisa ga buƙatu daban-daban;③Kyakkyawan aikin yi, mai sauƙin amfani da gogewa, kawar da buƙatar substrate pre-wetting da kulawar ruwa mai zuwa;④Sauƙi don amfani, kawai ƙara ruwa da motsawa, sauƙi don sufuri da adanawa, dacewa don sarrafa gine-gine;⑤Kariyar kore da muhalli, babu ƙura a wurin ginin, babu tarin albarkatun ƙasa daban-daban, rage tasirin da ke kewaye;⑥na tattalin arziki, busassun turmi da aka haɗe yana guje wa amfani da albarkatun ƙasa marasa ma'ana saboda ma'ana mai ma'ana, kuma ya dace da injina Gina yana rage sake zagayowar ginin kuma yana rage farashin gini.

Cellulose ether wani muhimmin abu ne na busassun turmi mai gauraya. Cellulose ether na iya samar da wani barga calcium-silicate-hydroxide (CSH) fili tare da yashi da siminti don saduwa da buƙatun sabon kayan aikin turmi.

2. Cellulose ether a matsayin admixture

Cellulose ether wani gyare-gyaren halitta polymer ne wanda a cikinsa ana maye gurbin kwayoyin hydrogen akan rukunin hydroxyl a sashin tsarin cellulose da wasu kungiyoyi. Nau'in, yawa da rarraba ƙungiyoyi masu maye a kan babban sarkar cellulose sun ƙayyade nau'i da yanayi.

Ƙungiyar hydroxyl a kan sarkar kwayoyin ether na cellulose suna samar da haɗin oxygen intermolecular, wanda zai iya inganta daidaituwa da cikar hydration na ciminti; ƙara daidaito na turmi, canza rheology da compressibility na turmi; inganta tsattsauran juriya na turmi; Entraining iska, inganta workability na turmi.

2.1 Aikace-aikacen carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) wani ionic ruwa ne mai narkewa guda cellulose ether, kuma yawanci amfani da gishiri sodium. CMC mai tsafta fari ne ko madara fari mai fibrous foda ko granules, mara wari kuma mara daɗi. Babban alamun don auna ingancin CMC sune digiri na maye gurbin (DS) da danko, nuna gaskiya da kwanciyar hankali na bayani.

Bayan ƙara CMC zuwa turmi, yana da bayyananniyar kauri da tasirin riƙon ruwa, kuma tasirin kauri ya dogara ne akan nauyin kwayoyin halitta da matakin maye gurbinsa. Bayan ƙara CMC na sa'o'i 48, an auna cewa yawan sha ruwa na samfurin turmi ya ragu. Ƙarƙashin ƙarancin shayar da ruwa, mafi girma yawan adadin ruwa; tasirin riƙewar ruwa yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar ƙari na CMC. Saboda kyakkyawan sakamako na riƙewar ruwa, zai iya tabbatar da cewa busassun busassun cakuda turmi ba ya zubar da jini ko rarraba. A halin yanzu, CMC ana amfani da shi ne a matsayin mai hana zazzaɓi a madatsun ruwa, docks, gadoji da sauran gine-gine, wanda zai iya rage tasirin ruwa a kan siminti da tara tara da kuma rage gurɓatar muhalli.

CMC wani fili ne na ionic kuma yana da manyan buƙatu akan ciminti, in ba haka ba yana iya amsawa tare da Ca (OH) 2 narkar da su a cikin siminti bayan an haɗa shi cikin slurry siminti don samar da sinadarin calcium carboxymethylcellulose na ruwa wanda ba zai iya narkewa ba kuma ya rasa danko, yana rage girman aikin riƙewar ruwa. na CMC ya lalace; enzyme juriya na CMC ba shi da kyau.

2.2 Aikace-aikace nahydroxyethyl celluloseda kuma hydroxypropyl cellulose

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) da hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) su ne wadanda ba ionic ruwa-mai narkewa guda cellulose ethers tare da high gishiri juriya. HEC yana da kwanciyar hankali don zafi; sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi da ruwan zafi; Lokacin da darajar pH ta kasance 2-12, danko yana canzawa kadan. HPC yana narkewa a cikin ruwa ƙasa da 40°C da adadi mai yawa na kaushi na polar. Yana da thermoplasticity da aiki na surface. Mafi girman matakin maye gurbin, ƙananan zafin ruwa wanda HPC za a iya narkar da shi.

Yayin da adadin HEC da aka ƙara a cikin turmi yana ƙaruwa, ƙarfin matsawa, ƙarfin ƙarfi da juriya na lalata na turmi yana raguwa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, kuma aikin yana canzawa kadan bayan lokaci. HEC kuma yana rinjayar rarraba pores a cikin turmi. Bayan ƙara HPC zuwa turmi, ƙarancin turmi yana da ƙasa sosai, kuma ruwan da ake buƙata yana raguwa, don haka rage aikin aikin turmi. A ainihin amfani, ya kamata a yi amfani da HPC tare da filastik don inganta aikin turmi.

2.3 Aikace-aikacen methyl cellulose

Methylcellulose (MC) shine ether ɗin cellulose maras ionic, wanda zai iya watse da sauri cikin ruwan zafi a 80-90.°C, kuma narke da sauri bayan sanyi. Maganin ruwa na MC na iya samar da gel. Lokacin da zafi, MC ba ya narke cikin ruwa don samar da gel, kuma idan an sanyaya, gel ɗin yana narkewa. Wannan al'amari gaba daya mai yiwuwa ne. Bayan ƙara MC zuwa turmi, tasirin riƙe ruwa yana inganta a fili. Riƙewar ruwa na MC ya dogara da danko, matakin maye gurbinsa, inganci, da ƙarin adadin. Ƙara MC na iya inganta kayan anti-sagging na turmi; inganta lubricity da daidaito na barbashi da aka tarwatsa, sanya turmi ya zama mai santsi kuma ya fi dacewa, tasirin troweling da smoothing ya fi dacewa, kuma ana inganta aikin aiki.

Adadin MC da aka ƙara yana da tasiri mai girma akan turmi. Lokacin da abun ciki na MC ya fi 2%, ƙarfin turmi yana raguwa zuwa rabin asali. Tasirin riƙewar ruwa yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar danko na MC, amma lokacin da danko na MC ya kai wani ƙima, solubility na MC yana raguwa, riƙewar ruwa ba ya canzawa da yawa, kuma aikin ginin yana raguwa.

2.4 Aikace-aikacen hydroxyethylmethylcellulose da hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Ether guda ɗaya yana da lahani na rashin rarrabawa mara kyau, haɓakawa da saurin ƙarfi lokacin da adadin da aka ƙara yana da ƙananan, da yawa da yawa a cikin turmi lokacin da adadin da aka kara yana da yawa, kuma taurin simintin ya lalace; don haka, iya aiki, ƙarfin matsawa, da ƙarfin sassauƙa Ayyukan aikin bai dace ba. Haɗaɗɗen ethers na iya shawo kan gazawar ethers guda ɗaya zuwa wani matsayi; Adadin da aka ƙara bai wuce na ethers ɗaya ba.

Hydroxyethylmethylcellulose (HEMC) da hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) su ne nonionic gauraye cellulose ethers tare da kaddarorin kowane guda m cellulose ether.

Bayyanar HEMC fari ne, fari-farin foda ko granule, wari da rashin ɗanɗano, hygroscopic, wanda ba a iya narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi. Rushewar ba ta shafar ƙimar pH (mai kama da MC), amma saboda ƙari na ƙungiyoyin hydroxyethyl a kan sarkar kwayoyin halitta, HEMC yana da haƙurin gishiri mafi girma fiye da MC, yana da sauƙin narkewa a cikin ruwa, kuma yana da zafi mai zafi. HEMC yana da ƙarfin riƙe ruwa fiye da MC; kwanciyar hankali danko, juriya na mildew, da rarrabawa sun fi HEC ƙarfi.

HPMC fari ne ko fari fari, mara guba, mara ɗanɗano kuma mara wari. Ayyukan HPMC tare da ƙayyadaddun bayanai daban-daban sun bambanta sosai. HPMC tana narkar da cikin ruwan sanyi zuwa wani fili ko dan kadan turbid colloidal solution, mai narkewa a cikin wasu kaushi na kwayoyin halitta, haka nan mai narkewa cikin ruwa. Ganyayyaki masu kaushi na kwayoyin halitta, irin su ethanol a cikin daidaitaccen rabo, cikin ruwa. Maganin ruwa mai ruwa yana da halaye na babban aiki na saman, babban nuna gaskiya da kwanciyar hankali. Rushewar HPMC a cikin ruwa shima ba ya shafar pH. Solubility ya bambanta da danko, ƙananan danko, mafi girma da solubility. Tare da raguwar abun ciki na methoxyl a cikin kwayoyin HPMC, ma'anar gel na HPMC yana ƙaruwa, ƙarancin ruwa yana raguwa, kuma aikin saman yana raguwa. Baya ga halaye na yau da kullun na wasu ethers cellulose, HPMC kuma yana da juriya mai kyau na gishiri, kwanciyar hankali mai girma, juriya na enzyme, da babban tarwatsewa.

Babban ayyukan HEMC da HPMC a cikin busassun turmi mai gauraya sune kamar haka.①Kyakkyawan riƙe ruwa. HEMC da HPMC na iya tabbatar da cewa turmi ba zai haifar da matsaloli kamar yashi, foda da rage ƙarfin samfurin ba saboda rashin ruwa da rashin cika ruwan siminti. Inganta daidaituwa, iya aiki da taurin samfur. Lokacin da adadin HPMC da aka ƙara ya fi 0.08%, yawan yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa da ɗankowar robo na turmi shima yana ƙaruwa tare da karuwar adadin HPMC.②A matsayin wakili mai ɗaukar iska. Lokacin da abun ciki na HEMC da HPMC ya kasance 0.5%, abun cikin gas shine mafi girma, kusan 55%. Ƙarfin sassauƙa da ƙarfi na turmi.③Inganta iya aiki. Ƙarin HEMC da HPMC yana sauƙaƙe katin turmi mai laushi da shimfidar turmi.

HEMC da HPMC na iya jinkirta hydration na turmi barbashi, DS ne mafi muhimmanci al'amurran da suka shafi hydration, da kuma tasiri na methoxyl a kan jinkirta hydration ya fi na hydroxyethyl da hydroxypropyl abun ciki.

Ya kamata a lura cewa ether cellulose yana da tasiri sau biyu akan aikin turmi, kuma yana iya taka rawa mai kyau idan aka yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata, amma zai yi mummunan tasiri idan aka yi amfani da shi ba daidai ba. Ayyukan busassun busassun turmi yana da alaƙa da farko da daidaitawar ether cellulose, kuma ether cellulose mai amfani yana da alaƙa da abubuwa kamar adadin da tsari na ƙari. A cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen, ana iya zaɓar nau'in ether guda ɗaya, ko kuma ana iya amfani da nau'ikan ether na cellulose daban-daban a hade.

3. Outlook

Saurin haɓaka busassun busassun turmi yana ba da dama da ƙalubale don haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen ether cellulose. Masu bincike da masu kera ya kamata su yi amfani da damar don inganta matakin fasaha, kuma suyi aiki tuƙuru don haɓaka nau'ikan da haɓaka daidaiton samfur. Yayin saduwa da buƙatun yin amfani da busassun busassun turmi, ya sami nasara a cikin masana'antar ether cellulose.