Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) da sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) su ne na kowa mahadi a cikin sinadaran masana'antu da kuma abinci masana'antu. Suna da wasu bambance-bambance da haɗin kai a cikin tsari, aiki da amfani. Wannan labarin zai yi nazari dalla-dalla game da kaddarorin, hanyoyin shirye-shirye, aikace-aikace da mahimmancin biyun a fannoni daban-daban.
(1) Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
1. Abubuwan asali
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) wani carboxymethylated samu daga cellulose kuma shi ne anionic linear polysaccharide. Tsarinsa na asali shine cewa wasu ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl (-OH) a cikin ƙwayoyin cellulose ana maye gurbinsu da ƙungiyoyin carboxymethyl (-CH₂-COOH), ta haka canza yanayin solubility da kaddarorin aikin cellulose. CMC gabaɗaya fari ne zuwa foda mai ɗan rawaya, mara wari kuma mara daɗi, maras narkewa a cikin abubuwan kaushi, amma yana iya sha ruwa don samar da gel.
2. Hanyar shiri
Shirye-shiryen CMC yawanci ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:
Halin Alkalinization: Mix cellulose tare da sodium hydroxide (NaOH) don canza ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl a cikin cellulose zuwa salts alkaline.
Halin Etherification: Alkalized cellulose yana amsawa tare da chloroacetic acid (ClCH₂ COOH) don samar da carbonoxymethyl cellulose da sodium chloride (NaCl).
Yawancin lokaci ana aiwatar da wannan tsari a cikin ruwa ko maganin ethanol, kuma ana sarrafa yawan zafin jiki tsakanin 60 ℃-80 ℃. Bayan kammala aikin, ana samun samfurin CMC na ƙarshe ta hanyar wankewa, tacewa, bushewa da sauran matakai.
3. Filayen aikace-aikace
An fi amfani da CMC a masana'antar abinci, magunguna, yadi, yin takarda da sauran fannoni. Yana da ayyuka da yawa irin su thickening, ƙarfafawa, riƙewar ruwa da samar da fim. Misali, a cikin masana'antar abinci, ana iya amfani da CMC azaman mai kauri, mai daidaitawa da emulsifier don ice cream, jam, yogurt da sauran samfuran; a cikin magunguna, ana amfani da CMC azaman mai ɗaure, mai kauri da ƙarfafawa don magunguna; a cikin masana'antun masana'anta da masana'antar takarda, ana amfani da CMC azaman ƙari mai slurry da wakili mai girman saman don haɓaka inganci da kwanciyar hankali na samfur.
(2) Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na)
1. Abubuwan asali
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) shine nau'in gishirin sodium na carboxymethyl cellulose. Idan aka kwatanta da CMC, CMC-Na yana da mafi kyawun narkewar ruwa. Tsarinsa na asali shine ƙungiyoyin carboxylmethyl a cikin CMC sun zama wani ɓangare ko gaba ɗaya sun canza su zuwa salts sodium, wato, atom ɗin hydrogen akan ƙungiyoyin carboxylmethyl ana maye gurbinsu da ions sodium (Na⁺). CMC-Na yawanci fari ne ko ɗan rawaya foda ko granules, cikin sauƙi mai narkewa cikin ruwa, kuma yana samar da bayani mai haske.
2. Hanyar shiri
Hanyar shiri na CMC-Na yayi kama da na CMC, kuma manyan matakai sun haɗa da:
Halin Alkalinization: An sanya cellulose alkalized ta amfani da sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Halin Etherification: Alkalized cellulose yana amsawa tare da chloroacetic acid (ClCH₂COOH) don samar da CMC.
Maganin Sodiumization: An canza CMC zuwa nau'in gishirin sodium ta hanyar daidaitawa a cikin maganin ruwa.
A cikin wannan tsari, wajibi ne a kula da sarrafa yanayin halayen, kamar pH da zafin jiki, don samun samfuran CMC-Na tare da mafi kyawun aiki.
3. Filayen aikace-aikace
Filayen aikace-aikacen CMC-Na suna da faɗi sosai, suna rufe masana'antu da yawa kamar abinci, magunguna, sinadarai na yau da kullun, da mai. A cikin masana'antun abinci, CMC-Na yana da mahimmanci mai mahimmanci, mai ƙarfafawa da emulsifier, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin kayan kiwo, juices, condiments, da dai sauransu. . A cikin masana'antar sinadarai ta yau da kullun, ana amfani da CMC-Na a cikin samfura irin su man goge baki, shamfu, da kwandishana, kuma yana da kyakkyawan sakamako mai kauri da daidaitawa. Bugu da kari, a cikin hakar mai, CMC-Na ana amfani da shi azaman mai kauri da rheology mai daidaitawa don hako laka, wanda zai iya inganta ruwa da kwanciyar hankali na laka.
(3) Bambanci da haɗin kai tsakanin CMC da CMC-Na
1. Tsarin da kaddarorin
Babban bambanci tsakanin CMC da CMC-Na a cikin tsarin kwayoyin halitta shine cewa ƙungiyar carboxylmethyl na CMC-Na ta kasance wani ɓangare ko gaba ɗaya a cikin nau'i na gishiri na sodium. Wannan bambancin tsarin ya sa CMC-Na nuna mafi girman solubility da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali a cikin ruwa. CMC yawanci partially ko gaba daya carboxymethylated cellulose, yayin da CMC-Na ne sodium gishiri nau'i na wannan carboxymethyl cellulose.
2. Solubility da Amfani
CMC yana da ɗanɗano mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, amma CMC-Na yana da mafi kyawu kuma yana iya samar da ingantaccen bayani mai danko a cikin ruwa. Saboda mafi kyawun narkewar ruwa da halayen ionization, CMC-Na yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki fiye da CMC a yawancin aikace-aikace. Misali, a cikin masana'antar abinci, ana amfani da CMC-Na sosai azaman mai kauri da kwanciyar hankali saboda kyakkyawan narkewar ruwa da babban danko, yayin da ake amfani da CMC sau da yawa a aikace-aikacen da ba sa buƙatar ƙarancin ruwa.
3. Tsarin shiri
Ko da yake shirye-shirye tafiyar matakai na biyu ne wajen kama, karshe samfurin na CMC samar ne carboxymethyl cellulose, yayin da CMC-Na kara sabobin tuba carboxymethyl cellulose cikin ta sodium gishiri form ta hanyar neutralization dauki a lokacin samar tsari. Wannan jujjuyawar yana ba CMC-Na kyakkyawan aiki a wasu aikace-aikace na musamman, kamar ingantaccen aiki a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar solubility na ruwa da kwanciyar hankali na electrolyte.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) da sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) su ne nau'ikan cellulose guda biyu masu mahimmancin darajar masana'antu. Ko da yake sun yi kama da tsari, CMC-Na yana nuna mafi girman ruwa mai narkewa da kwanciyar hankali saboda canza wasu ko duk ƙungiyoyin carboxyl a cikin CMC-Na cikin gishirin sodium. Wannan bambanci ya sa CMC da CMC-Na suna da fa'idodi da ayyuka na musamman a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu daban-daban. Fahimtar da yin amfani da waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu daidai zai iya taimakawa haɓaka aikin samfur da haɓaka haɓakar samarwa a fagage da yawa kamar abinci, magunguna, da masana'antar sinadarai.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-17-2024